课时提升作业 六
Unit 2 Using Language
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. Having quarrelled (争吵) with his wife about who should wash the dishes, he felt very upset.
2. Before going away, he arranged (安排)his business affairs. 3. He often misses the delights (乐趣)of life in the country. 4. Thrilled (使激动) at the good news, she couldn’t say a word. 5. Mountain Tai strikes its beauty beyond description (描述)into our hearts. 6. What you’re saying now is not consistent (一致的) with what you said last week. 7. Alice folded (折叠)the paper up and put it in her bag. 8. Every student must wear school uniform(制服) at school. Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. She likes to have a quarrel with neighbors about little things. 2. Chemicals in the body break down our food into useful substances. 3. It was arranged(arrange)that we have to have supper at the airport.
4. Though computers can do a lot of work man can’t do, they can’t completely take the place of human beings.
5. It is a delight to see(see) you so fit and healthy.
6. Some stars’ fame is not consistent with their behavior, which often lets the fans down.
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7. (2015·福建高考)In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared, combining(combine)the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”.
8. To test for that possibility(possible), Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times’ website. Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. I was thrilled to hear that I had passed the entrance examination. 听说我已通过了入学考试, 我非常兴奋。
2. They built a monument in memory of George Washington. 他们建了一座纪念碑以纪念乔治·华盛顿。
3. Bitten by the snake in the bush, Susan was sent back to the camp. 因为被灌木丛中的蛇咬到, 苏珊被送回到露营地。
4. You should stay where you are, unless (you are) asked to leave. 你应待在你所在的地方, 除非叫你离开。
5. It is strange that he should have failed in this exam. 真奇怪, 他这次考试没有及格。
6. Worried about their choices of majors, most first-year college students feel much stressed.
由于担心自己选择的专业, 大多数大学一年级的学生感到非常有压力。 7. It’s important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。
8. In the distance there stands the world-famous building.
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高二英语必修5
远处矗立着这座世界闻名的建筑。 Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A
Traditionally, robots have been hard, made of metal and other rigid material. But a team of scientists at Harvard University in the US has managed to build an entirely soft robot—one that draws inspiration from an octopus (章鱼).
Described in science journal Nature, the “Octobot” could pave the way for more effective autonomous robots that could be used in search, rescue and exploration. “The Octobot is minimal system which may serve as a foundation for a new generation of completely soft, autonomous robots” the study’s authors wrote.
Robots built for precise, repetitive movements in a controlled environment don’t do so well on rough terrains (地形) or in unpredictable conditions. And they aren’t especially safe around humans, because they’re made out of hard and heavy parts that could be potentially dangerous to their users.
So researchers have been working on building soft robots for decades. They’re taken inspiration from nature, looking to animals from jellyfish to cockroaches, which are often made up of more flexible matter.
But creating a completely soft robot remains a challenge. Even if engineers build a silicone (硅酮) body, it’s still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts, such as a source of power.
“Although soft robotics is still in its early stage, it holds great promise for several applications, such as search-rescue operations and exploration, ” Barbara Mazzolai and Virgilio Mattoli of the Italian Institute of Technology’ Center for
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Micro-BioRobotics, wrote in a comment. “Soft robots might also open up new approaches to improving wellness and quality of life. ”
【文章大意】本文是一篇科普类说明文, 介绍了章鱼机器人的优点和投入应用的可能性。
1. What’s the special feature of “Octobot”? A. It’s soft. C. It’s very small.
B. It’s made of metal. D. It looks like an octopus.
【解析】选A。 细节理解题。从第一段 robots have been hard, made of metal, 以及段尾has managed to build an entirely soft robot—one that draws inspiration from an octopus对比发现可以得出答案。
2. What’s the disadvantage of traditional robots? A. They’re hard to control. B. They’re too heavy to move. C. They can’t predict conditions. D. They can’t behave well all the time.
【解析】选D。 细节理解题。从第三段第一句Robots built for precise, repetitive movements in a controlled environment don’t do so well on rough terrains or in unpredictable conditions. 可以得出答案。
3. One of the biggest challenges is to build Octobot’s______. A. silicone body B. complex components C. precise movements D. flexible power source
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【解析】选D。细节理解题。从倒数第二段it’s still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts, such as a source of power. 可以得出D选项。 4. What can we infer about the application of “Octobot”? A. It has been used in various fields.
B. It has not been put into use on a large scale. C. It has been used in the field of rescue. D. It has not been improved yet.
【解析】选B。 推理判断题。从文章最后一段第一句Although soft robotics is still in its early stage, it holds great promise for several applications. 可以得出答案。
B世纪金榜导学号 It is no wonder that the village is the coldest permanently inhabited (有人居住的) settlement in the world with the average temperature for January standing at -50℃. Known as the “Pole of Cold”, the coldest ever
temperature recorded in Oymyakon was -71. 2℃. This is the lowest recorded temperature for any permanently inhabited location on Earth and the lowest temperature recorded in the Northern Hemisphere. Surprisingly, Oymyakon actually means “non-freezing water” due to a nearby hot spring.
Nothing grows there so people eat reindeer (驯鹿) meat and horse meat. A single shop provides the town’s bare necessities and the locals work as reindeer-breeders, hunters and ice-fishermen. Doctors say the reason the locals don’t suffer from malnutrition (营养失调) is that their animals’ milk contains a lot of micro-nutrients. Unsurprisingly, locals are accustomed to the weather and unlike in other
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countries — where heavy snow brings everything grinding to a halt, Oymyakon’s school only shuts if temperatures fall below -52℃.
There are few modern conveniences in the village — with many buildings still having outdoor toilets — and most people still burn coal and wood for heat. When coal deliveries are irregular, the power station starts burning wood. If the power stops, the town shuts down in about five hours, and the pipes freeze and crack.
Daily problems that come with living in Oymyakon include pen ink freezing, glasses freezing to people’s faces and batteries losing power. Locals are said to keep their cars running all day for fear of not being able to restart them. Even if there was coverage for mobile phone reception, the phones themselves would not work in such cold conditions.
Another problem caused by the frozen temperatures is burying dead bodies. The earth must first have melted sufficiently in order to dig it, so a bonfire is lit for a couple of hours. Hot coals are then pushed to the side and a hole, several inches deep, is dug. The process is repeated for several days until the hole is deep enough to bury the coffin.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一个极度寒冷的村庄。 5. What can be implied from Paragraph 1? A. The village is the coldest place in the world. B. No residents live permanently in the village. C. Villagers there have to live with the severe cold. D. The average temperature stands at-50℃ all year round.
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高二英语必修5
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段的叙述可推知, 那里的居民要忍受严寒。 6. What does the underlined phrase “grinding to a halt” probably mean in this passage?
A. Stopping. B. Growing. C. Continuing.
D. Failing.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据文章第三段的“Oymyakon’s school only shuts if temperatures fall below-52℃. ”可推知, 画线短语意思为“停止”。故选A。 7. Which of the following statements about this village is TRUE? A. Local children don’t go to school because of the extreme cold. B. People there live a hard and simple life with few modern conveniences.
C. The extremely cold climate brings about little trouble to the daily life of the villagers.
D. The name of this village—Oymyakon suggests that it’s extremely cold here. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段的叙述可知, 由于现代设施的缺乏, 那里的人们过着艰苦、简单的生活。
8. What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage? A. To attract more people to this village. B. To inform readers of this special village. C. To help solve problems the villagers are facing. D. To draw readers’ attention to poor people.
【解析】选B。写作意图题。结合文章内容可知, 作者是想向读者介绍一个极度寒冷的村庄。故选B。
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