Europäisches Patentamt
European Patent OfficeOffice européen des brevets
Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR)
EP1 574 306A11
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DescriptionTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001]Thepresentinventionrelatestosurfaceplan-ers having variable speed feed rollers.
[0002]Surfaceplanersaremostcommonlyprovidedwithapairoffeedrollersoneontheinfeedandoneontheoutfeedsideoftherotarycutterheadformovingawoodenboardtobeplanedrelativetothecutterheadatafixedspeed.Theonlyadjustmentanoperatortypi-callyhasfortakingalightorheavycutisthepositionthecutterheadisspacedfromthesupportplatenwhichdeterminesthedepthofcut.Whenitisdesiredtotakealightcut,averysmallincrementaladjustmentismadebetweentheinplaningpasses.Whenitisdesiredtomakearoughcut,arelativelylargeindepthadjustmentismadebetweenplaningpassessothatthematerialisremoved more quickly.
[0003]Therehavebeenlimitedeffortsinthepasttoinfinitelyvarythespeedoftheboardtobeplanedrela-tivetothecutterhead.U.S.Patent3,718,168assignedtoRockwellManufacturingCompany,disclosesabeltdrivefeedrollerwherethedriveratiocanbevariedbytheoperatorusingavariablediameterpulleysystem.U.S.Patent4,440,204assignedtoShopsmith,Inc.,dis-closesaplanerattachmentforamulti-purposetoolwhichisprovidedwithaseparatevariablespeeddrivemotorforadvancingthefeedrollers.Thespeedofthefeedrollerscanbevariedbytheoperatordependentup-on the characteristics of the board to be planed.
[0004]Thevariablefeedspeedplanerspriorarttendto be bulky and expensive.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
[0005]Theobjectofthepresentinventionistomakeasimplerobustlowcostmulti-speedinfeedrollerdrivesystemwhichcanbeadaptedtotheexistingsinglespeed planers with minimal modification.
[0006]Asurfaceplanerofthepresentinventioncom-prisesthefeaturesofclaim1.Itisprovidedwithamotorhavinganoutputmember,arotarycuttingheadopera-tivelyconnectedtothemotoroutputmemberandatleastonefeedrollerpositionedparalleltoandadjacenttherotarycutterheadformovingawoodboardtobeplanedrelativetotherotarycuttinghead.Amulti-stagetransmissionisinterposedbetweenthemotorandthefeedroller.Themulti-stagetransmissionhasaninputconnectedtothemotorandanoutputdrivinglyconnect-edtoafeedroller.Themulti-stagetransmissionhasadualspeedstageprovidedwithanoperator'sactuatedspeedselectorelementwhichwhenshiftbetweentwopositions,changesthefinaldriveratioresultinginachange in speed of the feed rollers.
[0007]Inapreferredsurfaceplaner,thedualspeedstageisprovidedbyaplanetarygearsetwhichisthefinalstageandisremotelylocatedfromtheremaining
stages of the multi-stage transmission.
[0008]Inamethodofmanufacturingafamilyofsur-faceplanerswithdifferinginfeedoperatingcharacter-isticswhilemaintainingpartcommonality,abasicsur-5
faceplanersubassemblyisprovidedinamotorrotarycutter,apairoffeedrollers,frameincludingaplaten,andafirstgearboxhavingamulti-stagegearreductionincludinganinputconnectedtothemotoroutputmem-berandafirstgearboxoutputmember.Whereinalow10
pricesinglespeedsurfaceplanerisfabricatedbyinstall-ingafixeddiametercirculardriveelementonthefirstgearboxoutputmemberwhichisoperativelycoupledtothecorrespondingfixeddiametercirculardriveele-mentonthefeedrollerbyaflexibletensilememberand15
trainedthereabout.Alternativelyahigherpriceddualinfeedspeedsurfaceplanercanbefabricatedbyinstallingasecondgearboxonthefirstgearboxoutputshaft,thesecondgearboxhavingacirculardriveelementformingasecondgearboxoutputmemberoperativelycoupled20
tothefixeddriveelementonthefeedrollerbyaflexibletensilemember.Thesecondgearboxisfurtherprovidedwithaspeedselectorelementshiftablebetweenahighandlowpositionforselectivelychangingthegearboxdriveratioandtheresultingrotationalspeedofthefeed25
rollerinordertoenabletheoperatortovarythespeedthat a wooden board is fed post the rotary cutter head.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
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[0009]
FIGURE1isaperspectiveviewofaSurfacePlanerof the present invention;
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FIGURE2isatopplanschematicviewofasinglespeed Surface Planer;
FIGURE3isatopplanschematicviewofadualspeed Surface Planer;
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FIGURE4isacrossectionalviewofthegearboxin the high speed mode;
FIGURE5isacrossectionalviewofthegearbox45
in the low speed mode; and
FIGURE6isacrossectionofthesprocketmemberused in the single speed mode.
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BESTMODEFORCARRYINGOUTTHEINVENTION[0010]Thesurfaceplaner10ofthepresentinventionisschematicallyshowninhorizontalsideelevationplan-inginelongatewoodboard12.Thesurfaceplaner,1055
illustrated,isaportablebenchtoptypedevice,however,thepresentinvention,isequallyusefulinalargestation-aryfloormountedtool.Surfaceplaner10ismadeupofaframe14whichincludesaplaten16forsupportingthe
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boardthatitispositionedthereuponandaseriesofcol-umns18whichextendverticallyrelativetotheplaten.achievedbysprocket50onthemotoroutputshaft,sprocket52onthecutterheadandchain54extendingInthesurfaceplanerembodiment10illustrated,theplat-enisfixedtoframeandamotorcutterheadassembly20isverticallypositionablerelativetotheplaten16bytheoperatoruponrotationofhandwheel22whichisas-sociatedwithaconventionalscrewdriveheightadjust-mentmechanismcommonintheart.Alternatively,themotorcutterheadassembly20canbefixedrelativetotheframeandhandwheel22canraiseandlowertheplatenasisalsowellknowninthesurfaceplanerart.Motorcutterheadassembly20ismadeupofamotor24,arotarycutterhead26,apairoffeedroller28and30,respectivelydisposedontheinfeedandoutfeedsideofthecutterhead,andafirstgearbox32whichformsamulti-stagetransmissionhavingareducedspeedfirstgearboxoutputmember34.Thefirstgearboxoutputmember34isoperativelyconnectedtoatleastoneofthefeedrollers28and30.Similarly,motor24isopera-tivelyconnectedindrivingrelationshiptocutterhead26.Whenthemotoristurnedonandrunningatitsoperatingspeed,thefeedrollersarerotatinginafirstdirection,causingthewoodtomoveintoandthroughtheplanerwhilethecutterheadwillberotatesinanoppositedi-rectionasillustratedinFigure1,sothatthebladesonthecutterhead26cutsagainstthedirectionofthein-coming wood board 12.
[0011]Thesurfaceplanerofthepresentinventionisspecificallyadaptedtobefabricatedaspartofafamilyofhighandlowpricedtoolshavingmaximumcompo-nentpartcommonality.Arelativelylowpricedsinglefeedspeedsurfaceplaner40isillustratedinFigure2,whiletherelativelyhigherpriceddualspeedsurfaceplaner60isillustratedinFigure3.Theonlydifferencebetweenonespeedsurfaceplaner40anddualspeedsurfaceplaner60istheconnectionbetweenthefirstgearbox output member 34 and out feed roller 30.
[0012]Singlespeedsurfaceplaner40illustratedinFigure2,hasafixeddiametercirculardriveelement,namelyasprocket36,affixedtothedistalendoffirstgearboxoutputmember34.Sprocket36isoperativelyconnectedtocorrespondingsprocket38onoutfeeddriveroller30whichareoperativelyconnectedtogetherbyaflexibletensilemember,chain42whichextendsthereabout.Ofcourse,ratherthanusingsprocketsandchains,beltsandpulleyscouldbeutilized.Inthetwoembodimentsillustrated,outfeeddriverollerandinfeeddriveroller30and28areinterconnectedsothattheyrotateinunisoninthesamedirection.Outfeeddriveroller30isprovidedwithasprocket44andinfeeddriveroller28isprovidedwithasprocket46whichareinter-connectedbyachain48whichcausetherollerstorotateinunisonatanidenticalspeed.Onceagain,beltsandpulleyscanbesubstitutedforsprocketsandchains.Beltsandpulleyscanbeofthesmoothorcogvariety.Similarly,apairofcirculardriveelementsandaflexibletensilememberinterconnectmotor24andcutterhead26.Intheembodimentillustrated,thisconnectionis
thereabout.
[0013]Inthepreferredembodiment,illustratedmotor5
24isthedualoutputshaftvarietyhavinganoutputshaftextendingfrombothaxialendsofthemotor;oneendisassociatedwiththecutterheadandtheoppositeendisassociatedwiththefirstgearbox32.Cutterhead26andinfeedandoutfeedrollers28and30aremountedrel-10
ativetotheframeportionofmotorcutterheadassembly20byaseriesofconventionalrollerbearingsillustrated.[0014]Twospeedsurfaceplaner60illustratedinFig-ure3,differsfromtheonespeedsurfaceplaner40il-lustratedinFigure2inonearea.Ratherthanhavinga15
sprocket36onathedistalendoffirstgearboxoutputmember34,asecondgearbox62isaffixedtotheshaft,asillustratedinFigure3.Anenlargedcross-sectionalviewofsecondgearbox62isprovidedinFigures4and5.Acorrespondinginenlargedcross-sectionalviewof20
sprocket36mountedonthedistalendoffirstgearboxoutputmember34asillustratedinFigure6.Secondgearbox62isprovidedwithaninputmember64whichisaffixedtoandrotateswithfirstgearboxoutputmem-ber34,andoutputmember66whichincludesasprocket25
68andaspeedselectorelement70whichisshiftablebetweenahighspeedpositionillustratedinFigure4anda low speed position illustrated in Figure 5.
[0015]Thepreferredembodimentofthesecondgear-boxillustratedutilizesaplanetarygearsettochangethe30
finaldriveratiobetweeninputmember64andoutputmember66.Whenspeedselectorelement70isinthehighspeedpositionillustratedinFigure4,theoutputmemberandinputmember66and64rotateinunison.Whenspeedselectorelement70ismovedtothelow35
speedpositionasshowninFigure5,outputmember66rotatesatapproximatelyhalfthespeedofinputmember64.Speedreductionisachievedbyaplanetarygearsetmadeupofaringgear72whichisaffixedtotheoutputmember66,sungear74isfixedrelativetoframe14,40
andaplanetcarrier76andassociatedplanetgears78and80.Acollarmember82isaffixedtoandrotateswithplanetcarrier76.Collar82isprovidedwithaninternallysplinedbore84whichissizedtoengagethesplinedex-teriorsurface86abouttheperipheryofspeedselector45
element70.Theinternalboreofspeedselectorelement70isprovidedwithtwospacedapartinternallysplinedregions86and88.Splinedregion86slidinglyengagesthesplinedouterperipheryofoutputmember66tocausetheoutputmember66andthespeedselectorel-50
ement70toalwaysrotateinunison.Splineregion88ontheinteriorofspeedselectorelement70alternativelyengagesordisengagessplinedouterperipheralseg-ment 90 with input member 64.
[0016]ReferringtoFigure4,whenthespeedselector55
element70isshiftedtotheleftasillustrated,intoabut-mentwithsnapring92i.e.highspeedposition,splineregion88onspeedselectorelement70engagesspline90ontheoutputmember66tocausetheinputmember
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64,thespeedselectorelement70andtheoutputmem-ber66torotatetogetherinunison.Whenspeedselectorelement70inthehighspeedpositionabutssnapring92,thesplinedregion86ontheouterperipherythereofisdisengagedfromsplinebore84incollar82.Thisen-ablestheplanetcarrier76andplanetgear78torotatefreelywhentheplanerisbeingoperatedinthehighspeed mode.
[0017]Whenspeedselectorelement70isshiftedto-wardtheplanetcarrier76tothelowspeedmodeasil-lustratedinFigure5,splineregion88ontheinteriorofthespeedselectorelement70isdisengagedfromsplinesegment90ontheouterperipheryoftheoutputmem-ber,enablingtheinputmember64andoutputmember66torotaterelativetooneanother.Simultaneously,splineregion86andtheouterperipheryofthespeedselectorelement70engagessplinedbore84oncollar82,causingplanetcarrier76,thespeedselectorele-ment70andtheoutputmember66torotateinunison.InthelowspeedmodeillustratedinFigure5,asinputmember64rotates,ringgear72whichisaffixedtoinputmember64rotatingcausingtheplanetgears78and80torotateandorbitaboutsungear74.Asplanetgears88and90orbitaboutthesungear74,planetcarrier76iscausedtorotateataspeedwhichissubstantiallyre-ducedfromthespeedoftheinputmember66.Thepre-cisespeedoftherotationisdictatedbytherelativedi-ameterofthesun,ringandplanetgears,however,inthepresentexample,thespeedreductionofalittlelessthan50%isachievedinthelowspeedmoderelativetothehighspeedmode.Inorderenabletheoperatortoshiftthespeedselectorelement,asimpleknobandforkmechanism94isprovided.Aknobandafork94moveaxiallywithspeedselectorelement70,and,thespeedselectorisabletofreelyrotaterelativetotheforkinaconventional manner.
[0018]Preferably,acoilspring96willbeprovidedtobiasthespeedselectorelement70tooneofthetwospeedstates.Intheembodimentillustrated,spring96biasesspeedselectorelement70tothehighspeedpo-sitionshowninFigure4.Aconventionaldetentnotshown,willbeprovidedontheknobandforkassembly94toretainspeedselectorelement70inthelowspeedmode,whentheknobisshiftedtothelowspeedpositionby the operator.
[0019]Theplanetarygeararrangementenablesthesecondgearbox62tomadequitecompactandreadilyinterchangeablewithsprocket36withoutvaryingthelo-cationofsprocket36withthatofasprocket68onthesecondgearbox.Alternatively,thetwospeedgearboxcouldbefabricatedwithanintermediateshaftandtwomoresetsofdifferentratiogearpairs,however,theplan-etarygearmechanismispreferredduetoitscompactsize and mounting interchangeability.
[0020]Intheembodimentillustrated,secondgearbox62isremotelylocatedanddistinctfromthefirstgearbox32.Alternatively,itwouldbepossibletolocatethetwospeedgearsetfoundinthesecondgearboxwithinor
immediatelyadjacenttothefirstgearbox,withprefera-blythetwospeedgearboxmakingupthefinalstageofthemulti-stagegearreductiontransmission.Intheem-bodimentillustrated,thefirstgearbox32hasthreegear5
reductionstagesaccomplishedbythreepairsofgearsorientedontwointermediateshafts,theinputshaftofthemotorandthefirstgearboxoutputmemberasillus-tratedinFigures2and3.Whileathreestagegearre-ductionisusedinthepreferredembodiment,atwoora10
fourstagegearreductioninthefirstgearboxcanalter-natively be used.
[0021]Severalembodimentsofasurfaceplanerandamethodofmanufacturingsurfaceplanersaredesc-nbed in the following.
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1.Asurfaceplaner(60)forplaningawoodboard(12), comprising:
amotor(24)havingarotationallydrivenmotor20
outputmemberturningatafirstrotationalspeed;
arotarycutterhead(26)operativelyconnectedtoandrotationallydrivenbythemotoroutputmember;
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afirstgearbox(32)havingafirstgearboxinputmemberconnectedtothemotoroutputmem-berandafirstgearboxoutputmember(34)whichhasasecondrotationalspeedwhichisless than the first rotational speed;
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asecondgearbox(62)havingasecondgear-boxinputmemberconnectedtothefirstgear-boxoutputmember(64),asecondgearboxout-putmember(66),andaspeedselectorelement(70)shiftablebetweenahighandlowspeedpo-35
sitionforselectivelychangingtherotationalspeedofthesecondgearboxoutputmember(66); and
afeedroller(30)formovingawoodenboardtobeplanedtowardthecutter,thefeedroller(30)40
operativelyconnectedtothesecondgearboxoutputmember(66)whereinthespeedthatawoodenboard(12)isfedintothecutterisdic-tatedbythepositionofthespeedselectorele-ment (70) selected by the operator.
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2.Thesurfaceplaner(60)ofitem1whereinthesec-ondgearbox(62)furthercomprisesatwospeedplanetary gear set.
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3.Thesurfaceplaner(60)ofitem1whereinthefirstgearbox(62)furthercomprisesanintermediateshaft transmission having at least two stages.4.Thesurfaceplaner(60)ofitem3whereinthein-55
termediateshafttransmissionisprovidedwithatleasttwointermediateshaftsandatleastthreestages.
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5.Thesurfaceplaner(60)ofitem3oritem4where-inthefirstgearboxoutputmember(34)extendsout-wardlytherefromparalleltoandspacedfromthefeed roller (30).
6.Thesurfaceplaner(10)ofitem5whereinthefirstgearboxoutputmember(34)isprovidedwithadis-talendtowhichthesecondgearbox(62)isconnect-ed.
7.Thesurfaceplaner(10)ofitem6whereinthefeedroller(30)isoperativelyconnectedtothesecondgearboxoutputmember(66)byaflexibletensilemember(42)andtrainedaboutapairofcirculardriveelements(36,38)respectivelyassociatedwiththesecondgearboxoutputmember(66)andthefeed roller (30).
8.Thesurfaceplaner(10)ofitem7whereintheflex-ibletensilemember(42)comprisesachainandthecirculardriveelements(36,38)comprisesprockets.9.Thesurfaceplaner(10)ofanyoneofitems6to8havingdualfeedrollers(28,30)whichrotateinunisonontheinfeedandoutfeedsidesofthecutterhead (26).
10.Asurfaceplaner(60)forplaningawoodenboard (12) comprising:
amotor(24)havingarotationallydrivenmotoroutputmemberturningatafirstrotationalspeed;
arotarycutterhead(26)operativelyconnectedtoandrotationallydrivenbythemotoroutputmember;
apairoffeedrollers(28,30)longitudinallyspaced about the rotary cutter head (26);
aframe(14)includingatleasttwolaterallyspacedapartcolumns(18)onoppositelateralsidesoftheboard(12)tobeplaned(16)whichisadjustablypositionablebytheoperatorataselecteddistancefromthecutterhead(26)inordertoachieveaselectedboardthickness;and
amulti-stagetransmissionhavinganinputcon-nectedtothemotor(24)andanoutputdrivablyconnectedtoatleastoneofthefeedrollers(30),themulti-stagetransmissionincludingadualspeedstageprovidedwithanoperatorac-tuatedspeedselectedelement(70)whichwhenshiftedbytheoperator,changesthefiledriveratioandtheresultingspeedthatthefeedrollers(28,30)movethewoodenboard(12)rel-ative to the cutter head (26).
11.Thesurfaceplaner(68)ofitem10whereinthedual speed stage comprises a planetary gear set.
12.Thesurfaceplaner(60)ofitem10oritem11whereinthedualspeedstageisthefinalstageofthe multi-stage transmission.
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13.Thesurfaceplanerofanyoneofitems10to12whereinthefeedrollers(28,30)areoperativelycon-nected to one another to rotate in unison.
14.Thesurfaceplanerofitem13whereinthefeed10
rollers(28,30)operativelyconnecttooneanotherandtothefinalstageofthemulti-stagetransmissionbyapairofchains(42,48)andtwoassociatedpairsof sprockets (36,38,44,46).
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15.Thesurfaceplanerofitem10whereinthemulti-stagetransmissionfurthercomprisesafirstmulti-stagefixedspeedgearbox(32)andasecondtwospeedgearbox(62)removablyconnectedtoandspacedfromthefirstmulti-stagefixedspeedgear-20
box (32).
16.Thesurfaceplanerofitem15whereinthetwospeedgearboxfurthercomprisesaplanetarygearset.
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17.Amethodofmanufacturingafamilyofsurfaceplaners(60)withdifferingfeedcharacteristicswhilemaximizingcomponentpartcommonality,themeth-od comprising;
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fabricatingabasicsurfaceplanersubassem-blyhavingamotor(24)havingarotationallydrivenmotoroutputmemberturningatafirstrotationalspeed,arotarycutterhead(26)operativelycon-nectedtoandrotationallydrivenbythemotoroutput35
member,apairoffeedrollers(28,30)longitudinallyspacedabouttherotarycutterhead(26),aframe(14)includingatleasttwolaterallyspacedapartcol-umns(18)onoppositelateralsidesofaboard(12)tobeplanedandaplaten(16)whichisadjustably40
positionablebytheoperatorataselecteddistancefromthecutterhead(26)inordertoachievease-lected board thickness;
formingalowpricesinglespeedinfeedsur-faceplaner(60)byinstallingafixeddiametercircu-45
lardriveelement(36)onthefirstgearboxoutputmember(34)whichisoperativelycoupledtoafixeddiametercirculardriveelement(38)installedononeofthefeedrollers(30)byaflexibletensilemember(42) and trained thereabout; and
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formingahighpriceddualspeedinfeedsur-faceplaner(60)byinstallingaseconddualspeedgearbox(62)havingasecondgearboxinputmem-berconnectedtothefirstgearboxoutputmember(64),acirculardriveelement(38)formingasecond55
gearboxoutputandafeedselectorelement(70)shiftablebetweenahighandlowpositionforselec-tivelychangingthedriveratioandtheresultingro-tational speed of the feed rollers (28,30).
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18.Themethodofitem17whereinthesecondgear-box(62)usedtoformthehigherpriceddualspeedinfeedsurfaceplaner(60)isprovidedwithatwo-speed planetary gear set.
19.Themethodofitem17oritem18whereinthefirstgearboxoutputmember(34)isprovidedwithanelongateshaftwithadistalendadaptedtoalter-nativelyaccepteitherofthefixeddiametercirculardriveelementandthetwo-speedgearboxwithoutotherwisealteringthefeedrolleranddrivesystem.
Claims
1.
Asurfaceplaner(60)forplaningawoodenboard(12) comprising:
amotor(24)havingarotationallydrivenmotoroutputmemberturningatafirstrotationalspeed;
arotarycutterhead(26)operativelyconnectedtoandrotationallydrivenbythemotoroutputmember;
apairoffeedrollers(28,30)longitudinallyspaced about the rotary cutter head (26);
aframe(14)includingatleasttwolaterallyspacedapartcolumns(18)onoppositelateralsidesoftheboard(12)tobeplaned(16)whichisadjustablypositionablebytheoperatorataselecteddistancefromthecutterhead(26)inordertoachieveaselectedboardthickness;and
amulti-stagetransmissionhavinganinputcon-nectedtothemotor(24)andanoutputdrivablyconnectedtoatleastoneofthefeedrollers(30),themulti-stagetransmissionincludingadualspeedstageprovidedwithanoperatorac-tuatedspeedselectedelement(70)whichwhenshiftedbytheoperator,changesthefiledriveratioandtheresultingspeedthatthefeedrollers(28,30)movethewoodenboard(12)rel-ative to the cutter head (26).
2.
Thesurfaceplaner(68)ofclaim1whereinthedualspeed stage comprises a planetary gear set.3.
Thesurfaceplaner(60)ofclaim1orclaim2whereinthedualspeedstageisthefinalstageofthemulti-stage transmission.
4.
Thesurfaceplanerofanyoneofclaims1to3whereinthefeedrollers(28,30)areoperativelyconnected to one another to rotate in unison.
5.
Thesurfaceplanerofclaim4whereinthefeedroll-ers(28,30)operativelyconnecttooneanotherandtothefinalstageofthemulti-stagetransmissionby
apairofchains(42,48)andtwoassociatedpairsof sprockets (36, 38, 44, 46).6.
Thesurfaceplanerofclaim1whereinthemulti-5
stagetransmissionfurthercomprisesafirstmulti-stagefixedspeedgearbox(32)andasecondtwospeedgearbox(62)removablyconnectedtoandspacedfromthefirstmulti-stagefixedspeedgear-box (32).
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7.
Thesurfaceplanerofclaim6whereinthetwospeedgearbox further comprises a planetary gear set.
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