（211翻译硕士英语）
Ⅰ. Multiple Choices (10 points,1 point each)
Choose the best one from the four choices given in each sentence and write the correct answer on your Answer Sheet.
1. The U-boat blockade England's food shortage during World War Ⅱ. A. aggregated B. aggravated C. aggrieved D. agonize
2. For the advertised position, the company offers a(n) salary and benefits package. A. generous B. plentiful C. abundant D. sufficient
3. Based on an analysis of a/an , scientists argue for life on Mars. A. fossil B. meteorite C. ore D. specimen
4. Because of the economic crisis, industrial output in the region remained A. motionless B. inactive C. stagnant D. immobile
5. Singapore is inhabited by a of different nationalities. A. motley B. beehive C. guise D. medley
6. As there was no road, the travelers up a rocky slope on their way back. A. ran B. hurried C. scrambled D. crawled
7.I bought my daughter headphones so I wouldn't have to listen to the that she calls music. A. ribaldry B. melody C. noise D. cacophony
8. In the face of unexpected difficulties, he demonstrated a talent for quick, action. A. determining B. defensive C. demanding D. decisive
9. He had an habit of emptying ash trays out of his upstairs window. A. offensive B. objectionable C. uneducated D. impolite
10.I can never understand what Jack's talking about. His words me. A. babble B. mistrust C. baffle D. stub
Ⅰ. Reading Comprehension (30 points,2 points each)
Read the following three passages, and choose the correct answer from the four choices given and then write it on the Answer Sheet.
(1)
Which is safer-staying at home, traveling to work on public transport, or working in the office? Surprisingly, each of these carries the same risk, which is very low. However, what about flying compared to working in the chemical industry? Unfortunately, the former is 65 times riskier than the latter! In fact, the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity, and almost as safe as staying at home.
The trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to those living nearby. It is this which makes chemical accidents so newsworthy. Fortunately, they are extremely rare. The most famous ones happened at Texas City (1947), Flixborough (1974), Seveso (1976), Pemex (1984) and Bhopal (1984).
Some of these are always in the minds of the people even though the loss of life was small. No
one died at Seveso, and only 28 workers at Flixborough. The worst accident of all was Bhopal, where up to 3,000 were killed. The Texas City explosion of fertilizer killed 552.The Pemex fire at a storage plant for natural gas in the suburbs of Mexico City took 542 lives，just a month before the unfortunate event at Bhopal.
Some experts have discussed these accidents and used each accident to illustrate a particular danger. Thus the Texas City explosion was caused by tons of ammonium nitrate（硝酸铵），which is safe unless stored in great quantity. The Flixborough fireball was the fault of management，which took risks to keep production going during essential repairs. The Seveso accident shows what happens if the local authorities lack knowledge of the danger on their doorstep. When the poisonous gas drifted over the town，local leaders were incapable of taking effective action. The Pemex fire was made worse by an overloaded site in an overcrowded suburb. The fire set off a chain reaction os exploding storage tanks. Yet, by a miracle, the two largest tanks did not explode. Had these caught fire, then 3,000 strong rescue team and fire fighters would all have died. 11.Which of the following statements is true？
A. Working at the office is safer than staying at home.
B. Traverlling to work on public transport is safer than working at the office. C. Staying at home is safer than working in the chemical industry. D. Working in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air.
12.Chemical accidents are usually important enough to be reported as news because A. they are very rare
B. they often cause loss of life C. they always occur in big cities
D. they arouse the interest of all the readers
13.According to passage，the chemical accident that caused by the fault of management happened at
A. Texas city B. Flixborough C. Seveso
D. Mexico City
14.From the passage we know that ammonium nitrate is a kind of A. natural gas, which can easily catch fire
B. fertilizer, which can't be stored in a great quantity
C. poisonous substance, which can't be used in overcrowded areas D. fuel, which is stored in large tanks
15. From the discussion among some experts we may conclude that A. to avoid any accidents we should not repair the facilities in chemical industry
B. the local authorities should not be concerned with the production of the chemical industry C. all these accidents could have been avoided or controlled if effective measure had been taken D. natural gas stored in very large tanks is always safe
(2)
Open up most fashion magazines and you will see incredibly thin models with impossible hair and wearing unreasonably expensive, impracticably styled clothes. But shouldn't clothes be comfortably durable and make a principle of being simple for the individual who wears them? Why
are we constantly told that we need to buy new clothes and add fresh pieces to our collection?
Fashions change year after year so lots of people can make piles of money. If folks are convinced that they need a different look each season, that this year's sweater's length and shoes style are important, they can be persuaded to buy. The fashion industry would have you ignore your shortcomings and just make you feel beautiful and happy. In fact it is not only a phenomenon we can find in people's dressing.
Fashion controls our lives. Fashion controls what we wear, what we eat, what we drink, the way we cut our hair, the makeup We buy and use, the color of the cars we drive. Fashion even controls our ideas.
You don't believe me? How many. Of your friends are vegetarians? Why are they vegetarians? Because it is fashionable!
Where does fashion come from? Often the reasons are quite logical. Scientists and historians study the fashions of the past and discover the secrets of each fashion.
When girls see an attractive guy, their blood pressure rises and their lips become redder. That's why guys think that girls wearing lipstick are beautiful.
Why do guys shave their heads? In the past soldiers shaved their heads to kill the insects that lived in their hair. Now guys shave their heads so that they look strong and masculine, like soldiers.
People spend a lot of time and money on fashion. But are they wasting their money？Changes in fashion help to develop new technologies. Changes in style create work for people all over the world. Many people work in the fashion industry, particularly in the fashion capitals of London, New York, Paris and Milan.
And finally, fashion makes you feel good, doesn't it? When you are dressed in the latest style，dancing to the most fashionable music, after watching the latest hit film, you feel great, don't you. 16.What's the author's viewpoint about the models and their hairstyles and clothes？ A. Unbiased. B. Indifferent. C. Critical.
D. Appreciative.
17.It is indicated by the author that clothes should be A. comfortable and durable. B. new and fresh.
C. expensive and fashionable. D. simple and unique
18.The fashion industry makes profits by A. selling the products at high prices. B. creating a need in you.
C. helping you get rid of your shortcomings. D. making you look more beautiful.
19.The author thinks what has been found about fashions by the scientists and the historians is A. incredible. B. amazing. C. reasonable. D. creative.
20.The passage mentions the advantages of fashion EXCEPT that
A.it can help promote technological development. B.it enables people to remain up-to-date.
C.it can create more job opportunities for people. D.it can make people achieve a great feeling.
(3)
This year, like lots of other people, I'm going to try to make my own Christmas presents. It's not the first time that I've promised myself this. Being a milliner, and an al-round crafty type, I've often thought I should put my money where my mouth is. But this year I'm really going to stick to it. It's partly that I'm short of cash, but also that I've recently returned from an inspiring trip around Britain, looking into \"make do and mend\" for BBC2's Newsnight.
I dreamed up the trip a few months ago. The thought of traveling the country--making things as I went, meeting artists and craftspeople--sounded like the perfect way to spend the summer. I'd pack a tent and a sewing machine and off I'd go. But by the time I finalized my plans and hit the road, leaves were already crunching under foot. It seemed crazy to camp with winter on the way; instead, Newsnight viewers offered me board and lodging in return for help with a craft task. There was an overwhelming response.
My tasks ranged from darning a moth-eaten monk's jumper to making trousers for a stilt walker. Textile students in Harpenden offered to pay for my petrol in return for a talk about hats. In Derby, Amy needed help to transform an old pair of curtains.
I was really struck by people's growing enthusiasm for making things. I asked a WI group in Sheffield how many could sew, and only a few put up their hands. But when I asked who wanted to learn, nearly everyone responded positively. At the Textile Workshop in Nottingham, the number of classes on offer has doubled in a year, and a knitting club in Leeds is growing by the week.
Craft is definitely fashionable at the moment. But over and above fashion, we' re learning to appreciate effort and quality again. Perhaps once people rediscover the pleasure to be gained from making something unique, it may stick.
Sue Pilchard is curator of quilts at the V& amp; A, where next spring she'll be putting on the museum's first major quilting exhibition. Sue believes the return to crafting is wrapped up in how we are redefining ourselves.\" There's certainly a movement., towards a new domesticity. People, especially women, are starting to think about the way they live their lives. It's 40 years since the first women's liberation conference was held in Oxford. Since that time we've been in the workplace, and we've had the opportunity of choice. Now we' re deliberately choosing to go back into the home.\"
Whether you agree with that or not, there's something about Christmas that brings out the artistic streak in everyone. Whether it's baking mince pies or decking the halls, we' re all prepared to have a go. So if you fancy pushing the boat out and making a few presents, try these really simple ideas, each inspired by my recent journey. They make ideal stocking fillers or small gifts, and take no longer than 30 minutes each. Play some carols, settle down with a steaming cup of cocoa, and forget the cold. You'll save yourself a bit of money and spread a little bit of love too!
21. The author promised to make herself a Christmas present this year mainly because A. she wanted to save money. B. she couldn't afford to buy one.
C. she was inspired by her trip for a BBC2 program.
D.A lot of people make presents themselves.
22. Which of the following is CORRECT about the author's trip to Britain? A. She met many artists and craftsmen on her way to Britain. B. She spent a whole summer in Britain making crafts.
C. She was asked to sew clothes, pants and curtains and made a fortune. D. Many people were found to be interested in making things themselves. 23. When was the author probably on her trip to Britain? A. Spring.
B. Late Summer. C. Late Autumn. D. Winter.
24. According to the passage, through crafting people learn to A. appreciate the efforts in manual things. B. keep up with fashion.
C. stick to something interesting. D. understand craft better.
25. What is the author's view on homemade Christmas presents? A. Making Christmas presents can just convey a bit of your love. B. It would take long time to prepare a Christmas present.
C. You can drink a cup of hot cocoa when you make preparations. D. People can find their artistic talent in making Christmas presents.
Ⅰ. Cloze (10points,1point each)
Choose the best one from the four choices given in each sentence and write the correct answer on your Answer Sheet.
Generally, a computer is any device that can perform numerical calculations. 26 , however, the term usually refers 27 an electronic device that can 28 a series of tasks according to a 29 set of instructions.
In 1953 there were only about 100 computers in use in the 30 world. Today hundreds of millions of computers 31 in homes, schools, businesses, government offices, and universities for almost every 32 purpose.
Modern desktop personal computers, or PCs, are 33 than the huge, million-dollar business computers of the 1960s and 1970s. Most PCs can perform from 400 million to several billion 34 per second. These computers are used not only for household 35 and personal entertainment, but also for most of the automated tasks 36 by small businesses. The fastest desktop computers are called workstations, and they are 37 used for scientific, engineering, or advanced business 38 The speed and power of supercomputers, the fastest class of computer, are almost 39 human comprehension, and their 40 are continually being 41 . The fastest of these machines can perform more than 7 trillion-and theoretically can run more than 12 trillion-operations per second and can store 6 trillion characters in its memory, 42 it to do the work of thousands of PCs. Supercomputers 43 these speeds 44 the use of several advanced engineering techniques. Because they can cost billions of dollars-and because they can be large enough to cover the size of two basketball courts-supercomputers are used 45 by government agencies and
large research centers.
26.[A] Currently [B] Consequently [C] Conceivably [D] Clearly 27.[A] in [B] at [C] as [D] to
28.[A] perform [B] conduct [C] achieve [D] fulfill 29.[A] rigid [B] serious [C] precise [D] harsh 30.[A] entire [B] complete [C] total [D] general
31.[A] are to be used [B] are being used [C] have been using [D] used 32.[A] perceptive [B] conceivable [C] inevitable[D] imaginary 33.[A] many times more powerful [B] many more times powerful [C] powerful many more times [D] powerful more many times 34.[A] exercises[B] missions [C] errands [D] operations
35.[A]management [B]execution [C]application [D]manipulation 36.[A]claimed [B]necessitated [C]required [D]requested 37.[A]inclusively [B]generally [C]totally [D]entirely
38.[A]employments [B]exercises [C]usages [D]applications 39.[A]beyond [B]without [C]over [D]out
40.[A]capabilities [B]qualifications [C]skills [D]vacancies 41.[A]propelled [B]boosted [C]improved [D]enriched 42.[A]that allows [B]allows [C]to allow [D]allowing 43.[A]obtain [B]attain [C]win [D]secure 44.[A]at [B]on [C]with [D]through
45.[A]primarily [B]conditionally [C]initially [D]fundamentally
Ⅰ.Text translation（30points）
1.Translate the following text into English（15points）
当今世界，和平合作、开放融通、变革创新的潮流滚滚向前。只有坚持和平发展、携手合作，才能真正实现共赢、多赢；只有推进互联互通、加快融合发展，才能促进各国共同繁荣发展；只有坚持变革、不断创新，才能始终站在时代潮头。全方位对外开放，同世界上不同社会制度和不同发展阶段的国家交往，吸取和借鉴一切有益的经验。中国同世界的联系因此而日益紧密起来，中国逐步成为世界经济的重要引擎，为全球增长提供巨大能量。通过争取和平国际环境发展自己，又以自身发展维护和促进和平、推动共同发展，中国和平发展符合各国利益。
2.Translate the following text into Chinese(15points)
Language is such an integral part of our life and humanity that too much about it has been taken for granted. For some people, language may not even be considered a worthy subject for academic study. They take it as a tool for access to other fields of knowledge rather than as a subject in and of itself. However, if you pause and think of the following myths about language, itis indeed necessary to reconsider how much we really understand about the nature of language and its role in our life. And you may be surprised to realize that some of our most damaging racial, ethnic, and socio-economic prejudices are based on our linguistic ignorance and wrong ideas about language. Linguistics can be used as a way of finding out more about how the brain works or how damage to the brain results in certain kind of language disorders, how children learn language, how people learn and teach different languages, what the relationship between meaning and perception is, what
the role of language is in different cultures, why people use different varieties of language, why there are linguistic differences between different groups, and how scientists make the computer work in a more human like manner.
Ⅰ. Writing (20points)
Write an essay of about 250 words based on the following topic on the Answer Sheet.
Full time university students should spend a lot of time on their study, but it is also essential for them to be involved in other activities. To what extent do you agree or disagree? What is your opinion?
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