sure和certain
英语中的sure和certain是近义形容词,均有“肯定的;确信的;有把握的”的意思,它们的用法也大体相似,许多情况下可以通用,但它们之间也有一些差别,现归纳如下:
一、相同点
1. 两者都能用于“be sure/certain + about /of短语”句型中,表示“对(某事)有把握”。主语必须是人,about/of之后多跟名词、代词。如:
I am sure/certain of his returning. 我确信他会回来。
He is quite sure/certain of /about it. 他对这事很有把握。
2. 两者都能用于be sure/certain to do sth句型中,表示“一定会做某事”,主语可以是人,也可以是物。如:
Spring is sure/certain to follow winter. 冬天过后一定是春天。
They are sure/certain to come. 他们一定会来的。
3. 两者都能用于“be sure/certain +从句”句型中,表示“确信……”,主语只能是人,而不能是物。如:
Tom is sure/certain that I put the key on the table. 汤姆确信我把钥匙放在桌子上
了。
We are sure/certain that the book will be of great help to us.我们相信这本书对我们会有很大帮助。
4. 两者都能用于“make sure/certain +从句”结构中,表示“确定;弄清楚”,主语只能是人。如:
You must make sure/certain when the bus will leave. 你必须弄清汽车何时出发。
5. “I ' m not sure…”与“I ' m not certain…”意思相同。如:
I ' m not sure/certain where he is. 我不能确定他在哪儿。
I ' m not sure/certain how to do it. 我不能确定如何做这件事。
二、不同点
1. “I ' m sure…”与“I ' m certain…”均可译为“我深信(确)信……”,但两者的含义却不同。前者表示一种主观上的判断或感觉,事实并不一定如此。后者强调的则是客观事实,意为主语已经知道后面的内容是既定的事实。试比较下面一组句子:
I ' m sure he didn ' t steal it. He isn ' t that kind of person. 我确信他没偷,他不是那种人。
I ' m certain he didn ' t break the cup. I broke it myself. 我敢肯定他没有打碎那个
茶杯,(因为)那个茶杯是我打碎的。
2. 如果it作为形式主语代替从句时,则其后的表语用certain,而不能用sure。如:
It isn ' t certain whether he will give us a report next Monday. 下星期一他是否来为我们作报告还不能确定。
3. 两者在作定语时含义不同:sure意为“可靠的;无误的”;而certain若修饰可数名词,意为“某一;某些;某种;一些”,若修饰抽象名词,表示程度,意为“有点;有些”。如:
The letter was sent by a sure hand. 信已由一位可靠的人寄出了。
He made a sure answer. 他回答得准确无误。
A certain person called on me yesterday. 昨天有个人来找过我。
4. 在祈使句中常用sure,不宜用certain。如:
Be sure and remember what I told you. 千万要记住我对你讲的话。
Be sure to write and tell me all the good news. 务必写信告诉我所有的好消息。
5. 口语中,sure常作副词,用在肯定答语中替代surely,这时与of course,certainly意思相当,而certain不可作副词用。如:
—Would you please turn down the radio a little bit? 请你把收音机音量拧小点,好吗?
—Sure/of course/certainly. 当然可以。
It is ___ that he will take the job.
A.sure B certain. C surely Dcertainly.
sure 还是certain?请老师顺大便讲下sure和certain 的difference
回答刘丹老师
该老师的所有答疑 回复时间:2011-01-08 22:26
选B。sure和certain都有“确定”的意思,但是它们也有各自单独使用的场合。
只能用certain的情形
1. 当句中用了形式主语或形式宾语 it 时。如:
It’s certain that he’ll come tomorrow. 他明天肯定会来。
I thought it certain that he would be late. 我肯定他会迟到。
2. 当表示“某一”“某些”时。如:
A certain Mr Green wants to see you. 有个叫格林先生的人想见你。
Certain plants are good to eat but others are not. 有些植物好吃, 而其他一些则不好吃。
只能用sure的情形
在 Be sure (not) to do sth.(一定要或不要做某事)这类祈使句中通常不用 certain。如:
Be sure not to forget it. 千万别忘记啦。
Be sure to get there before nine. 务必在九点前到达。
certain,sure的区别
我记得好像有一个是 人和物都可以用,还有一个只能修饰其中一个~~~记不太清了··能具体讲下么?
补充: certain好像可以修饰人吧?
刚刚看到一句话是Are you certain?
满意答案 Sissy 4级 2009-01-16
sure和certain是中学英语中的两个基本单词,均有“肯定,确信,有把握”之意,
用法也很相似,大多数情况下可以互换,但两者之间也存在着差异,在此作总结归纳如下: 下列情况下二者可混用,但是sure常表示说话人的感觉,可能有怀疑、猜测成份,语气一般。而certain则表示说话人有充分的理由根据,语气更肯定、坚决:1.用于“Sb be sure/certain about /of sth ”结构,意为“某人确信某事,对某事有把握”,介词后面多跟名词和代词。如: I think so,but I”m not sure/certain of/about it.我是这么想的,但没有把握。 2.用于“Sb be sure/certain that/wh-…”结构,意为“某人对……有把握、对……能确信”。如: You may be sure/certain that he is honest.你可以确信他的诚实。 Are you sure/certain where he lives?你能肯定他住在哪里吗? I”m not sure/certain if he will come tomorrow.我对他明天是否会来没有把握。 3.用于“Sb/sth be sure/certain to do something”结构,意为“……一定会……,肯定会……”。如: He is sure/certain to be back soon.他一定会很快回来的。 The problem is sure/certain to be solved.这个问题肯定会得到解决。 4.用于“Sb make sure/certain that/wh-”结构,意为“某人确定,搞清楚”。如: She made sure/certain that she had turned off the gas.她确信已经把煤气关上了。 You must make sure/certain when the train will leave.你必须搞清楚火车什么时候出发。
+1 已赞过 6
冰水紫莲 的感言: 归纳得很具体~辛苦你了!不过第3句的第二个例句中应该用certain吧?? 2009-01-16
满意答案 /xin□windsk 14级 2009-01-16
certain, 人物都可以sure 只是人For certain reasons I will be unable to attend the meeting.因为某种原因,我不能出席这次会议。I can't say for certain when he will
arrive.我说不准他什么时候会来。It's certain that every effect must have a cause.无疑,每个结果必定有其原因。
It is…that结构中只能用certain,不能用sure。
Sure与certain是近义词,均作“一定的,确信的”等解。两者用法相似,多数情况下可换用,但有时不能换用。其用法区别大致如下:
一、 两者可换用的情况:
1. 跟不定式,可用人或物作主语。例如:
It is sure/certain to rain.
He is sure/certain to come.
You’re sure/certain to be happy with them.
2.跟连接代/副词引起的不定式,常用人作主语。例如:
I’m not sure/certain what to do.
He was not sure/certain when to start.
3.跟of或about引起的短语。sure后可跟of doing sth. 常用人作主语。例如:
I’m not sure/certain of that.
Are you sure/certain about it?
I’m sure of his coming.
He’s sure of winning.
注:sure to do sth.与sure of doing sth.的区别:前者表示说话者认为“主语一定…”;后者表示“主语自认为一定…”。例如:
He is sure to succeed. (说话者认为“他”一定会成功。
He is sure of succeeding. (“他”自己认为一定成功)
4.跟that引起的从句,常用人作主语。例如:
I’m sure/certain that he’ll come.
I was sure/certain (that) he had seen me.
I’m quite sure/certain I left the book on the table.
注:当sure或certain用于否定句时,其后跟whether或连接代/副词引起的从句,不跟that引起的从句。例如:
I’m not sure/certain whether I’ve met him before.
I’m not sure/certain whether he will come.
I’m not sure/certain who he is.
I was not sure/certain what I ought to do.
I’m not sure/certain why he wants it.
以上几种情况中的sure与certain虽可换用,但隐含意思不同。Sure表示主观的推测或感觉,所述事实并不一定如此;certain则指说话者有充分的理由或根据,肯定某事会发生。如下面两句中的certain均不可用sure替换。例如:
I’m certain he wasn’t in the classroom. I saw him in the library.
I’m certain than he will go the concert. He told me so an hour ago.
5.与make连用构成短语,后跟从句,作“弄清楚;设法做到”解。例如:
Make sure/certain when the train leaves.
Have you made sure/certain that the train has already left?
6.与for连用构成短语,在句中作状语。作“确实;毫无疑问”解。例如:I don’t know for sure/certain that he’s dead.
I cannot sau for sure/certain when he will come.
二、 两者不可换用的情况:
1. 在“It is…that结构中只能用certain,不能用sure。
例如:
It is certain that he will come.
It was certain that our football team would win the game.
如是否定句,用whether,不同that。例如:
It is not certain whether he will come.
2. 在祈使句中通常用sure,不用certain。例如:
Be sure to tell me all the news.
Be sure and come as soon as possible.
Be sure you don’t upset any of them.
3.作定语时,sure作“有把握的;肯定的;可靠的”解;certain作“某个;某些”解。例如:
Put it in a sure place.
There was only one sure way to succeed.
A certain person called on me yesterday.
Certain students have failed in the exam.
4.Sure在美语中可用作副词作肯定答语,用以代替surely,相当于certainly,of course;而certain则不能用作副词。例如:
I wonder if I could use your phone.
Sure. Go ahead.
Zhou Lan, can I have a look at your copy of China Daily?
Sure, go ahead.
因篇幅问题不能全部显示,请点此查看更多更全内容