1、Turn on the blender.
1)turn on 打开(电器等) 反义词:turn off关上(电器等)。
2)turn up(音量调大,调高) turn down (把音量调小,调低) turn in 上交 (试卷等)
turn into 使成为,翻译成 turn to 转向 in turn 依次地 byturn 轮流地
3)辨析:turn on/open
turn on表示打开(电灯,自来水开关,煤气,无线电等) 注意代词放中间:turn it on
open 表示敞开,展开,使……;露在外面。open the window
2、Cut up the bananas. (banana 名词宾语)将香蕉切成块。
1)cut up 切碎后跟代词宾语时应该放在cut和up的中间,接名词宾语时放在后面eg:cup it up
2)cut…in two/half 把……切成两半 cut down 砍到 cut…into pieces把……切成碎块=cut upeg:cut it down
3、Pour the milk into the blender.把牛奶倒进果汁机里。
1)pour…into…把……倒进……里=put…in…:那……放进……里去pour out 大量涌出
pour sb. Sth. = pour sth for sb.
4.Put the bananas into the blender.
put…into…还有“把……译成……”的意思。Eg:Put the sentence intoEnglish ,please.
:put away把……收起来放好 put on 穿上 put off 推迟,延期 put
out 熄灭
put down 放下 put up 建造,挂起,举起 put…on…把…放在……上
5. Let’s make fruit salad.
A.Let sb.do sth. 让某人做某事 后面省略to 的不定式
一感(feel) 二听(hear. Listen)三让(let /have/ make)四看(see /
look/ watch/ notice)
动词后面再出现动词时有三种情况:一种是to do,另一种是doing,还有一种是do。后面接to do动词还有ask,want,hope等。 Ask sb . to do sth.叫某人做某事 Hope sb. To do sth.希望某人做某事
句型
B.
1)祈使句的反意疑问部分为肯定形式,要用shall,will。如:Pass me the book,will you?
2)Let’s表示第一人称的祈使句,反意疑问句为“Shall we?”。如:Let’s go for a walk,shall we?
3)Let me和Let us 表示第二人称的祈使句,反意疑问句为“will you?”。如:
Let us go for a walk,will you?
4)其它行为动词引起的祈使句,无论其陈述部分是否定还是肯定的祈使句,多用“will you?”,表一种客气的语气。如:Listen to me,will you?
Don’t tell anyone about it,will you?
但在肯定的祈使句后有时也用“won’t you?”表“提醒对方注意”或表“邀请”。如:
Have a cup of coffee,won’t you?
Come in and take a seat,won’t you/will you?
6. How many bananas do we need?
Need 实义动词 need to do sth./ don’t need to do sth. 情态动词 need do sth./ needn’t do sth.Need doing = need to be done.7. We need one cup of yogurt.
复习量词: a cup of / a glass of ....plate bowl box carton can spoon pair
8. Finally, don’t forget to add some salt.
forget to do sth. 忘记(去)做某事 (还没有发生) forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已经发生了)
Eg:Don’t forget to close the windows. 不要忘记关上窗户add... to / into... 把...加进去add up (to) 加起来
Grammar---3c
1、How do you make a banana milk shake? 你是怎么样制作香蕉奶昔的?1)就做某事的方法,方式,途径及动作程度等进行
How to plant a tree 疑问词+ 不定式,可在句子中作主语,宾语,表语When to start is a problem
2) make: 制作。 make sb. sth=make sth for sb.为某人做什么
2.First… Next… Then… Finally…首先……接下来……然后……最后……3、How many bananas do we need?/How much yogurt do we need?
1)How many…? 多少(可数名词) How much…? 多少(不可数名词)/多少钱?
Section B 1a~1e
1、 Do you like … in sandwiches?你喜欢三明治里加……吗?A. 可数名词变化规则(略 见语法部分)不可数名词
不可数名词不能直接用数词来修饰,表示不可数名词的量时,要用“数词+计量名词 + of + 不可数名词”。如:a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶,twoteaspoons of salt 两茶匙盐。B.in sandwiches 夹心面包片
2a-2e
1. These days , most Americans still celebrate this idea of giving thanks byhaving a big meal at home with their family.by + Ving 表示通过... 凭....by + 交通工具by+ 时间 到...为止
2.First,mix together some bread pieces , onions , salt and pepper.a、mix up 混合在一起
3. Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix.be filled with = be full of
4. Then, put the turkey in a hot oven and cook it for a few hours.a. few/a few+可数名词 little/a little+不可数名词 lots of/some/any+可数名词也可以加不可数名词
5. When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and cover it withgravy.Place V. 放置
be covered with ... 用... 把... 覆盖 3 a - self check
1. You can also have other things like fish and different vegetables.
A.some用在疑问句中表示“礼貌的询问/请求”。当any表示任何一个的时候用于肯定句中。当表示希望得到对方的肯定回答或者是一种礼貌的要求时,疑问句中也要用someB.泛指另一个用another
Eg:I need another apple, please.(无范围,任意一个苹果 )范围是两人,一个用one,另一个用the other
Eg:I have two good friends one is you, the other is Bob.(表示好朋友的范围内两个人)
one/some … the others 一个/些……另一部分 三者以上(有范围)
\\eg: It’s lunch break time. Some students are in the classroom, the others arein the playground. (有范围,指某个班的学生)
some … others 一些……另一些 三者以上(无范围)
eg:Students all like sports. Some like basketball, others like football. (无范围,所指不明确)
一定范围内三者,一个用one,另一个用one (another),第三个可用athird one ,the other one….
Eg:There are three families in my family, one is my mother another is myfather and a third one is me.
2. It’s time to enjoy the rice noodles!It’s time for sth.
It’s time for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说,该....是的时候
本单元重点词组
1.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. make a banana milk shakePeel the bananasCut upTurn onPour... intoPut ... into
One cup of yogurtAfter that
Cook for another 10 minutesOne one thingPlant a tree
Take out a book from the libraryA piece of breadIn most countriesTraditional foodOn special holidaysAt this time
Forget to do sth.In the next autumuThese daysThe main dishfill ... withCover ... withCut... into pieces
At a very high temperatureOne by one
本单元语法:
可数名词和不可数名词
名词根据其可数性可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词即指可以分为个体,且可直接用数目进行计数的名词,如 desk(课桌),girl(女孩)等;不可数名词即指不可数分为个体,且不可直接用数目进行计数的名词,如 milk(牛奶),information(消息),money(钱)等。
单数可数名词表示泛指时,前面要用不定冠词a(an),表示特指时,前面要用定冠词the; 而不可数名词前不能用a(an)修饰,表示特指时,前面一定要用定冠词the。如:
He is a factory worker. 他是一名工人。No one can see air. 没有人能看见空气。
可数名词表示复数意义时可用many,few, a few等词修饰。如:many apples,a lot of tomatoes,a few pens
不可数名词则要用much、a little等词修饰。如:much meat,a little bread,little water
可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of 等来修饰,表示\"一些,许多\"。如:
There are some oranges on the desk. 桌子上有一些桔子。There is a lot of water in the bottle. 瓶里有许多水。可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量。如:two apples, four books等。
不可数名词前通常用\"单位词+of\"来表示数量。如:a piece of paper, three pieces of paper等。
可数名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与主语的单复数保持一致。如:This picture is very beautiful. 这幅画很美。
不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式,但是不可数名词前有复数\"单位词\"时,谓语动词要用复数形式。如:
There are two cups of tea on the table. 桌上有两杯茶。
对可数名词前的修饰语提问用how many; 对不可数名词前的修饰语提问用how much。如:
How many apples are there in the box?盒子里有多少个苹果?
How much tea is there in the cup?杯里有多少茶水?
注意:对不可数名词前的\"单位词\"的修饰语提问时,疑问词用howmany。 如:
How many pieces of bread are there on the plate?盘子里有多少片面包?【辨析】 有的名词既可用作可数名词,也可用作不可数名词,只是含义不同:
1) room 表示“房间”时,为可数名词,但表示“空间”、“余地”时,为不可数名词。
2) A:Would you like a cake? 要吃块蛋糕吗?
B:No, I don’t like cake. 不吃,我不喜欢吃蛋糕。
以上第一句用 a cake,这是把 cake 视为一块一块的“蛋糕”,所以它是可数的; 而第二句只用 cake,这是把它当作物质名词看待, 所以它成了不可数名词。
3)又如,tea(茶)作为物质名词,它是不可数的,但它若表示“一份茶”或“一种茶”,则是可数的,如可说
It’s a good tea(那是一种好茶),Two teas, please(请来两份茶)。
4)像fish,turkey,chicken,duck等指动物时是可数名词,指“……肉”时是不可数名词。
5)hair指一个人头上的全部头发时,是不可数名词;如果指某一根头发时,就是可数的。例如:
Her hair is black.Whenever she finds a white hair ,she pulls it out.她的头发是黑的。她只要发现一根白发就将它拔掉。附
可数名词单数变复数的规则1)一般规则变化情况 :
情况 构成方法 读音 例词
一般情况下 加-s 1.清辅音后读/s/; map-maps 2.浊辅音和元音后读 /z/; bag-bags car-cars以s,x,sh,ch,
结尾的词 加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses
以ce,se,ze, 加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licensesge等结尾
的词
以辅音字母+y结尾的词 变y 为i再加es 读 /z/ baby---babies2)部分规则变化情况:
以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数: 如:two Marys the Henrys
monkey——monkeys holiday——holidays
以o 结尾的名词,变复数时:加s,如: photo——photos piano——pianos
radio——radios zoo——zoos;
加es,(黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆)如:potato——potatoes tomato——tomatoes
均可,如:zero——zeros / zeroes以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时:
a) 加s,如: belief——beliefs(信念) roof——roofs(屋顶)b)去f,fe 加ves,如:half——halves
knife——knives leaf——leaves wolf——wolves wife——wives life——lives thief——thieves;
c)均可,如: handkerchief(手帕): handkerchiefs / handkerchieves
scarf(围巾): scarfs/scarves3)名词复数的不规则变化:
(1)child——children foot——feet tooth——teeth
mouse——mice man——men woman——women
注意:与 man 和 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women.
如: an Englishman,two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans. Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans.
man和woman作定语变复数时,它们也变成复数。例如:two womenteachers
(2)单复同形 如:
deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese
但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑等都有复数形式。如: a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters(3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但视为复数。
如: people,police等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,但可以说 a person,a policeman, the English,the British,the French,theChinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。
如: The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。(4)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:
a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。 b. news 是不可数名词。
c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。
The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。
d. 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。 \"The Arabian Nights\" is a very interesting story-book.
(5)表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses, trousers,clothes,pants,scissors(剪刀),etc
若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双);suit(套); a pair ofglasses; two pairs of trousers
(6) 另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼,greens青菜,arms武器,works著作
中考链接
( ) 1. It’s time for us to listen to the news. Would you please theradio?
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down
( ) 2. those lights, please. Don’t use so much energy(能源). A. Take off B. Put on C. Turn off D. Turn on—How many bananas do we need?—We need three bananas.
—How much yogurt do we need?—We need one cup of yogurt.( ) 3. — milk do you want?
—Three bottles, please. A. How much B. How many C. What
( ) 4. — Do you know how many a horse has and how many a bee has?
— Of course, I know.
A. teeth; feet B. tooth; foot C. foot; teeth D. teeth; foot( ) 5. — How much tea do you need, Mr. Zhang?— .
A. Two cups tea B. Two cup of teas C. Two cups of tea( ) 6. There a lot of rain in the area in August every year.A. is B. was C. are D. were从括号中选择适当的词汇完成句子。
1. How (many, much) yogurt do you need to make the milk shake?2. Many foreigners(外国人) want to know how to (do, make)dumplings.
3. We need two (teaspoons, teaspoon) of honey to make the salad.4. How many (apple, apples) did you eat, Peter?
5. Dad, can I (turn on, open) the TV ? I want to watch the soccermatch.
按要求完成下列句型转换。
1. We need to buy two bags of salt for it. (对画线部分提问) do you need to buy for it?
2. You can put three teaspoons of relish into the bowl. (对画线部分提问) teaspoons of relish can I put into the bowl?3. The ice cream is three yuan.(对画线部分提问) is the ice cream?4. Don’t peel the bananas first. (改为肯定句) the bananas first.
5. Shall we make fruit salad? (改为同义句) fruit salad.
病句门诊:下列各句中均有一处错误,请找出并改正。1. Do you need go to the doctor today, Peter? 2. How much tomatoes do we have at home? 3. There are two boxes of apple under the table. 4. Put another slices of bread on this plate.
5. In cities there are a lot of cake shops. You can buy bread, sandwich and soon.
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