中考英语词性转换与句型转换复习
词性转换
出题量最大，也是最难把握的方向——同词根不同词类之间的相互转换
常考的相互转换词类有四种：名词、动词、形容词、副词 名词 动词、形容词 动词、形容词 名词 动词 形容词 形容词 动词 形容词 副词 副词 形容词
做这样的转换需要平时大量的积累，建立词根词缀的概念，多掌握常用的词缀，灵活变通 1）最基本题型，必考方向——名词、代词、数词 名词考察方向：1. 复数
代词考察方向：1. 宾格 2. 形容词性、名词性物主代词转换 3. 反身代词可能出现 数词考察方向：1. 基数词、序数词的拼写与互换 2. 分数可能出现 2）简单题型，多练即可把握——比较级最高级
需要掌握：1. 比较级和最高级的变化方式 2. 比较级和最高级的辨识关键词 3）较难题型，多次转换，反义理解
有时候词类之间需要越级变换，要仔细斟酌词类间的修饰关系，确保答案的正确性 较难题目不仅会越级变换，还需要添加反义，这需要更耐心细致地解题，分析题意 解题技巧
1. 形容词修饰名词、代词性成分；部分名词也可以修饰名词 2. 动词、形容词、副词需要副词修饰，副词也可以修饰整句话
3. 系动词后一般使用形容词，连系动词后尤其需要注意添加形容词，这点易和实义动词用副词
修饰混淆
4. 扎实掌握名词、代词、数词的基本知识
5. 注意做完需要通读一下，检查反义及动词的时态语态问题 专题练习1：
Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号所给单词的适当形式填空) 1. That army officer is brave enough to fight against those _______. (enemy)
2. I was very disappointed at _______ because they were so unkind to the disabled. (they)
3. Langping helped the Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team win the gold medal in her _______. (fifty) 4. The smart kid is learning to _______ two foreign languages at the same time. (speech) 5. Shanghai Disneyland is an _______ park which is popular among visitors. (amusing) 6. People show their respect to the _______ policeman for his great deeds. (wound) 7. It was surprising that my father dealt with this problem in such a/an _______ way. (usual) 8. Traditional Chinese medical treatment is _______ practiced in western countries now. (wide)
专题练习2：
1.基数词与序数词的互相转换
1. Let' s take the lift up to the restaurant on the floor. (twenty) 2. Linton is interested in Chinese history and this is his _____ visit to Beijing. (four) 3. Our new flat is on the ______ , and we have a good view of the park. (ten) 4. Mum made a big chocolate cake for little Kevin’s _____birthday. (six) 5. We still need ______more chairs for the meeting room. (ninth)
6. Eric, the ______son of the family, has a special interest in physics. (three) 7. Alex is _____years old and is taken good care of in the kindergarten. (fourth) 8. Climb up to the ___ floor, and you can enjoy a better view. ( eleven) 2. 名词变复数
1. I received some Christmas _______ from my pen pals. (card)
2. The street near my house is always crowded with cars and ______.(bus) 3. They bought some _______ at the supermarket yesterday. (potato) 4. Many historical ________will be shown on National Day. (movie) 5. Joanna received many ______ when graduating from middle school. (gift) 6. It is said that eight _____ of water a day can help you keep fit. (glass) 3. 人称代词的形式变化
1. Billy looks upset. What happened to _____? (he)
2. “Would you tell ______ about your trip to Russia?” the children asked Uncle Joe. (we) 3. Mandy has got a lovely dog. ______name is Oliver. (It) 4. I think the girl is old enough to tie up her shoes by ______. (her) 5. Whose school uniform is that on the chair, yours or______? (my)
6. Don't worry about your son. He is old enough lo be independent and live by_____. (he) 4. 形容词和副词的转换
（1）副词转换为形容词
1. The exams usually take place at the end of June. (finally) 2. On a night, you can see thousands of stars in the sky.（clearly） ( 2 )形容词转换为副词
1. The children were _____excited when they saw the two pandas, tuantuan and yuanyuan. (real) 2. It rained ______ last night and the river rose two feet. (heavy) 3 . I can_____ work out the problem. And you? (easy)
4. The old lady could hardly believe that she had got the travel pass to Hong Kong so _____. (easy) 5. Mary is good at writing. She will _____ be a reporter in the future. (possible) 6. Listen! The birds are singing _______ in the woods. (beautiful) 7.____, Grace made up her mind to live abroad with her daughter. (final) 8. You need to explain your opinions quite ______when having a debate. (clear) 9. The young mother is singing ______to her baby son now. (soft)
10. With the help of Yellow Pages, we found the address of the theatre _____. (easy) 5. 形容词转换为反义词
1. It is for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon. (possible) 2. Someone thinks the number 13 is an_______number, (lucky) 3. It is ______ to improve our English without enough practice.(possible)
4. It's ______for him to be so active today as he is always a man of few words. (usual) 5.If you don't go on a diet, it is_____for you to lose weight. (possible) 6. 名词和形容词之间的转换
1. Some famous are going to give lectures in our university in August. (science) 2. Lucy looks in Mum's shoes. (fun) 3.—What's your________? (national) —Chinese.
4.1 don't like the flat here. It's too________.(noise) 5. Who's your_______ teacher? (physical) —Mr.Lu.
6. Feng Ai’s love and ________ will always be remembered by her students and their parents in Yunnan. (kind) 7. The fishermen are told to be more careful on ______ days. (wind)
8. More people are getting to know the ________ of environmental protection. (important) 9. To be lovely Shanghainese , we should be helpful and ______________ to others. (friend) 10. The situation in that country is ______________ . You’d better not go there. (danger)
11. It is _______________ of Peter to pay so much money for clothes. (fool) 12. Fishing is one of my ________ outdoor activities. (favour)
13. The Iraq War has made thousands of children ______________. (home) 14. I believe knowledge is more ______________________ than money. (power) 15. Shirley has done a lot for the tourists. She is really a ____________ guide. (help) 16. It’s difficult for us to tell the ____________ between these two words. (different) 17. It was
_________ for human beings to predict weather in the past. (difficulty)
62. The short play was very ____________ . I laughed from beginning to end. (fun) 7. 名词和动词之间的转换
1. At the of this century, the APEC conferences were held successfully in Shanghai（begin） 2.Telephone_______ are developing very quickly throughout our country.（serve）
47. Mr Chen was surprised to see the fast ________ in Shanghai after his long absence from the 3ty. (develop) 4 A bus ______ is responsible for the safety of his passengers. (drive) 5. I ______ we see a film about the Anti-Japanese War. (suggestion) 6. The young man works as a _______ in a five-star hotel. (wait) 7. Grandpa is going to ________ his house and live with us. (sale) 8. Nowadays too many boys want to become ________. (act) 9. The students had a _______ in the English class yesterday. (discuss)
10. Put some milk into the flour, break two eggs and then ______ them. (mixture) 11. More and more foreigners are learning to _______ Chinese nowadays. (speech) 12. Who is the ______ of the book War and Peace? (write)
13. It's raining heavily. I'd _____ you call a taxi home now. (suggestion) 14. There is a beautiful ______on the wall in each room of my house. (paint) 15.local people had to move away because of the serious ______. (pollute) 16. Ba Jin is one of the famous_______ in China, 8. 动词与形容词、副词之间的转换
1. Wang Wei, the young pilot, _____for our country. He will live in our hearts forever. (dead) 2. In weather, the old had better stay at home.(freeze) 3. Many people caught cold last month because of the ________ weather. (change) 4. Watch , and you will find the difference between the two pictures. (care) 5. ________ food is convenient to cook so it’s a craze in supermarkets. (freeze) 6. A group of young Japanese had an _______ tour in our town last month. (enjoy)
7. The local people are ________ that the whole nation are helping them rebuild the town. (thank)
8. It is a very ____book for language learners lo improve writing skills. (use) 9.The movie kungfuPandaII is sure to_____ a large number of teenagers. ( attractive) 10. Don’t throw the old watch away. It is still ________. (use)
句型转换
句型转换考点解析： 1. 肯定句变否定句和否定句：
常考的考点：have 、do句型
2. 反义疑问句：
常考的考点：带有否定副词的句子。
3. 主动句变被动语态
常考的考点：一般现在时、一般过去时、以及含有情态动词的被动语态
4. 同义句转换
常考的考点：这里对于学生是难点，主要考考纲的近义短语、常考的初中句型，本次的讲解
重点。
5. 对划线部分提问
常考的考点：how long/soon/ far, how much/ many的区别和联系。
6. 肯定句改成改为感叹句
常考的考点：近年来考的比较少了，how/what 的修饰用法。
7. 两句子合并为一句，复句变为简单句
常考的考点：结果状语从句，宾语从句的使用。注意改写句子的细节问题。
让我们做个表格来总结一下吧： 感叹句 What a beautiful schoolbag he bought! How beautiful a schoolbag he bought!
He bought a beautiful schoolbag. 改为被动句 改为一般疑问句 改为反义疑问句 划线部分提问 Does he have a beautiful bag? A beautiful schoolbag was bought (by him). He bought a beautiful schoolbag, didn’t he? What did he buy?
专题练习1：
Complete the following sentences as required.（根据所给要求，完成下列句子。每空格限填一词） 1. A Yorkshire village has created a mini museum in a phone box. （改为一般疑问句） _______ a Yorkshire village ______ a mini museum in a phone box.
2. The detective interviewed Ben to get some information.（对划线部分提问） _______ _______ the detective interview Ben?
3. These kids are so young that they can’t make a wise choice. （保持句意不变） These kids are _______ young _______ make a wise choice.
4. He can’t decide what to buy for his mother’s birthday. （改为宾语从句） He can’t decide what _______ _______ buy for his mother’s birthday.
5. You can pay the bill in cash. You can pay the bill by credit card. （两句合并成一句） You can pay the bill _______ in cash _______ by credit card. 6. Electronic brains seldom do wrong calculations. （改为反义疑问句） Electronic brains seldom do wrong calculations, _______ _______? 7. the city, succeeded in, a trick, capturing, through, they（连词成句） _________________________________________________________. 专题练习2：
1.改为同义句：
1.
The lawyers are trying to prove their views very carefully now. （2014一模虹口66） The lawyers are trying to prove their views with_________ _________now．
2. As for the plan of the next term, I have the same opinion with Larry. （2014一模黄浦66）
As for the plan of the next term, I ______ ______ Larry.
3. I used to drink coffee when I am free, but now I drink tea instead. （2014一模静安65）
Now I drink tea_______ _______coffee when I am free.
4. Add an ending to your story, and you’ll find it more attractive （2014一模静安67）
You _______ find your story less attractive ______ you add an ending to it.
5. There was something wrong with the machine as soon as the engineer left. （2014一模浦东66）
The machine _______________ _______________ as soon as the engineer left. 6. It seems that all the members are pleased with the decision. （2014一模徐汇65）
It seems that all the members are ________ ________ the decision.
7. The goalkeeper apologized to the audience for his rude behavior. （2014一模杨浦64）
The goalkeeper ________ ________ to the audience for his rude behavior.
8. When you practice more, you will be able to speak English better. （2014一模杨浦66）
The _________you practice, the ________you will be able to speak English. 9. Can’t you feel how much your parents love you? （2014一模闸北66）
Can’t you feel how much your parents _______ _______ you?
10. It seemed to be her job to look after her brother's children. （2014一模长宁64） It seemed to be her job to __________ __________ her brother's children. 11. You will fail to buy the train ticket if you don't book it online early. （2014一模长宁66） You __________ be able to buy the train ticket __________ you book it online early. 考点 改为同义句 改为同义短语 词语的不同形式 数量 3 8 总结 1. 分析原句和题干的意思 2. 找到同义断句或句子 3. 注意人称时态等的一致 2.划线提问： 1. I connect my friends online about once every two weeks. _________ __________ do you connect your friends online? 2. All the students listened to the lecture by Professor Li attentively. ______ ______ all the students listen to the lecture by Professor Li? 3. Millie and Ken will finish their crime report in three days. _______ _______ will Millie and Ken finish their crime report? 4. Jimmy promised to work harder in English than before. _______________ did Jimmy promise to _______________? 5. The shop is crowded with people because the New Year’s Day is coming. ________ ________ the shop crowded with people?
6. With the help of zip code, the postal workers sort mail much more quickly.
________ ________ the postal workers sort mail much more quickly? 7. Black tea was invented in China during the Ming Dynasty. ________ ＿＿＿＿ black tea invented in China ? 8. Tony was reading a comic book when his mother came home. What __________ Tony __________ when his mother came home?
划线部分 频率 方式 原因或目的 时间 宾语 疑问词 How often How Why When What 数量 解题方法归纳 1. 判断划线部分内容 2. 选择疑问词 3. 难点/易错点：对目的提问用why, 对until提问用how late
3.改为反义疑问句：
1. Some kids rarely know how to control themselves in front of a computer.
Some kids rarely know how to control themselves in front of a computer，_______ _______? 2. He will be responsible for the new project.
He will be responsible for the new project, _________ __________? 3. Steve Jobs has changed the way people live.
Steve Jobs has changed the way people live, __________ __________ ? 4. Mr. Smith rarely talks with his son about his study.
Mr. Smith rarely talks with his son about his study, __________ __________?
考察点 前肯后否 前否后肯 数量 2 2 解题方法归纳 1. 判断前句是否有否定词 2. 注意前句时态 3. 判断’s是那种形式的缩写
4.改为宾语从句：
1. Miss White asked her students, \"How long have you done this project'?”
Miss White asked her students how long they __________ _________ this project . 2. “I can cut the huge hamburger in half quickly.” Little Sandy said.
Little Sandy said that he _________ _________ the huge hamburger in half quickly. 3. “Can earthquakes be exactly predicted?” Dan asked.
Dan wanted to know ________ earthquakes ________ be exactly predicted.
4. The policeman came up and asked the lady ,‘What’s wrong with you?’
The policeman came up and asked the lady__________ __________ wrong with her. 5. \"Has Mr. Black decided on the date for the test?\" the students asked.
The students asked __________ Mr. Black __________ decided on the date for the test.
考察点 时态 语序 连词 数量 3 2 解题方法归纳 1. 看清句子的时态，选择动词形式 2. 判断原句的类型，选择恰当的连词
4.改为被动语态：
1. Working in pairs offers the students more chances to learn English from each other.
More chances__________ __________ to the students to learn English from each other by working in pairs.
2. We last saw the missing dog on the evening of October 1st.
The missing dog _________ last _________ on the evening of October 1st. 3. We must think of a plot before we start to write a story.
A plot must __________ __________of before we start to write a story. 4. The detective discovered some important clues for the case.
Some important clues for the case ____________ ____________ by the detective. 5. Many people have invited her to perform since she became famous in the Talent Show.
She ________ ________ invited to perform since she became famous in the Talent Show. 6. The took the wounded into a small temple at once.
The wounded ___________ ________ into a small temple at once. 7. The choir of deaf people also enjoy music.
Music can also _________ _________ by the choir of deaf people. 被动语态时态 一般将来时 一般过去时 一般现在时 含情态动词 现在完成时 3 1 2 1 数 量 解题方法归纳 1. 看清楚原句的时态 2. 动词的过去分词形式要正确
5.连词成句：
1.
go out;
around the small island; to; a bicycle trip; we; for; are planning;
________________________________________________________________. 2. saw, at McDonald’s, lady, him, the young.
____________________________________________________________. 3. box, Tony, lift, is , the, to , impossible, for, it, heavy
______________________________________________________________. 4. for, used to, and, breakfast, have, milk, I, bread
______________________________________________________________. 5 .me, every year, a , sends, Chris, Christmas card
________________________________________________________. 6. electricity, for, be, water, used, producing, can
________________________________________________________. 7. terrible, me, something, to, that day, happened
________________________________________________________. 8. is, interesting, snowman, to, it, a, very, make.
________________________________________________________.
参考答案
专题练习1：
1. 本题答案为enemies。
本题考查了名词的复数。根据those,空格处填enemy的复数形式。 2. 本题答案为them。
本题考查了主格和宾格的转换。介词at后填宾格，所给单词they的宾格是them。 3. 本题答案为fifties。
本题考查了数词的固定搭配。in one’s +基数词的复数形式，在某人多少岁的时候。 4. 本题答案为speak。
本题考查了名词和动词的转换。所给单词是名词，其动词形式是speak，speak two foreign languages
说两种外国语言。 5. 本题答案为amusement。
本题考查了形容词和名词的转换。amusement park游乐场，所给单词是形容词，其名词形式是
amusement。 6. 本题答案为wounded。
本题考查了形容词和动词的转换。空格处应填形容词修饰后面的名词，wounded policeman受伤的警察。
7. 本题答案为unusual。
本题考查了形容词的反义词。根据surprising，空格处填usual的反义词。 8. 本题答案为widely。
此题考查了形容词和副词的转换。空格处应填一个副词修饰后面的动词practice，所给单词wide是
形容词，其副词形式是widely。
专题练习2：
数词参考答案: twentieth, fourth, tenth, nine, third, four, eleventh 名词参考答案：cards, buses, potatoes, movies, gifts, glasses 代词参考答案: him, us, It’s, herself, mine, himself 形容词和副词参考答案: final, clear,
really, heavily, easily, easily, possibly, beautifully, finally, clearly, softly, easily 形容词反义词参考答案: impossible, unlucky, impossible, unusual, imposible
名词和形容词参考答案: scientific, funny, nationality, noisy, physics, kindness, windy, importance, friendly, dangerous, foolish, favourite, homeless, powerful, helpful, difference, difficult, funny.
名词和动词参考答案: beginning, service, development, driver, suggest, waitor, sell, actors, discussion, mix, speak, writer, suggest, painting, pollution，writer.
动词与形容词，副词参考答案: died, freezing, changeable, carefully, frozen, enjoyable, thankful useful, attract, useful.
专题练习1：
1．本题答案Has…created
试题原句是现在完成时，要求改为一般疑问句。现在完成时的肯定句改为一般疑问句，应将助动词
have/has提前。所以，本题答案为Has…created。 2. 本题答案为Why did
本题中的划线部分是to do不定式，表目的，所以对目的提问用why。 3. 本题答案为too…to
so+adj +that从句 = too+adj+to do。 4. 本题答案为he can/should/will
本题考查了简单句和从句的转换。疑问词+to do = 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。 5. 本题答案为either…or
试题的两句简单句表示的是两种选择。either...or或者…或者…, 连接句子的两个并列成分。 6. 本题答案为do they
本题要求改为反义疑问句。根据反义疑问句“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则，前面的陈述句为否定句，
则后面的附加疑问句用肯定句，助动词do不变。 7. 本题答案为They succeeded in capturing the city through a trick.
专题练习2：
同义句参考答案： 1.great care，2.Agree with，3.instead of，4. will, unless，5.went wrong，6.happy about/ satisfied with，7.said sorry，8. more…better，9.care for，10. care for，11.won’t, unless 划线提问：1. How often 2. How did 3. How soon 4 . What do 5. Why is 6. How do 7 . When was 8. was, doing 反意疑问句： 1. do they 2. won’t he 3. hasn’t he 4. does he
宾语从句：1. had done 2. could cut 3. if/whether…could 4. what was 5. if/ whether, had 被动语态：1.are offered 2.was, seen 3.be thought 4. were discovered
5.has been 6. were taken 7.be enjoyed
连词成句：
1.We are planning to go out for a bicycle trip around the small island. 2.The young lady saw him at Macdonald’s. 3.It is impossible for Tony to lift the heavy box. 4.I used to have milk and bread for breakfast
5.Chris sends me a Christmas card every year. /Every year Chris sends me a Christmas. 6.Water can be used for producing electricity. 7.Something terrible happened to me that day. 8.It is very interesting to make a snowman.
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