2014高考英语阅读理解抓分训练精品（28）及答案
阅读理解----D
When did you last visit a shopping mall? In many places, the answer would be \"last weekend．\" Some people go even more often．Why? Malls offer goods and services all in one place: food, clothing, things for their houses, entertainment, even medical services．So, are they one of the highlights of modern civilization? Environmental activists would say no and would go even further, arguing that consumer behavior is causing a huge environmental disaster．They cause consumers' ignorance of the side effect of their shopping—urban sprawl （扩大）．
Social scientists agree that patterns of development have changed the landscape a lot．Before 1950, most people lived in towns or cities and either walked to work or took public transportation．Only very wealthy people had automobiles．Farmers lived in rural areas or far-away villages and came into town only when they needed things they couldn't produce themselves．If you stared at the landscape you would see towns surrounded by the countryside．
Now automobiles become affordable and people are quick to make use of them． Ambitious workers could live in suburbs, just outside cities, which have started to grow rapidly．As long as there is lots of cheap land there, no one pays much attention to the usage of that land．Malls, fast food restaurants, cinemas, and such spread out in large, flat buildings．These one-storey buildings and their parking lot take up too much space．Many farmers think they are better off selling their land than growing crops．No one has realized once the land is built up in urban sprawl, the good farming land will be ruined forever．There is no way to preserve （保护） it．
Only in recent years have people come to miss the old way of life as they have looked into the problems of unconditional growth．Now people realize that urban sprawl has come with serious environmental problems．The bad effects that sprawl brings about include air and water pollution, loss of agricultural land, traffic jams, and so on．Many scholars think it's time to analyze the problems better so we can develop
proper policies to control further sprawl．Some think the best way to do is to educate citizens．
53．What is mainly discussed in the passage?
A．Shopping Malls
B．Urban Sprawl
C．New Automobiles D．Environmental Problems
54．What does the underlined word \"They\" refer to in the first paragraph?
A．Mails．
B．Activists．
D．Consumers．
C．Medical services．
55．What is the main purpose of the text?
A．To introduce mainly the environmental problems．
B．To explain the differences in people's life both today and in the past． C．To persuade people to live in the country instead of living in the city． D．To call on people to pay special attention to the problems with urban sprawl
56．What is the scholars' attitude toward urban sprawl?
阅读理解----E
The crisis at the damaged Fukushima Dai-lchi Nuclear Power Station in northern Japan has raised worries about radiation risks．We spoke Tuesday with Jonathan Links, an expert in radiation health sciences, and also a professor at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, who says workers within the nuclear plant are the only people at the risk of extremely high doses （量） of radiation．
For other people, he says, there may be a long-term worry．People can get cancer from low doses of radiation in a nuclear accident．If the situation is serious enough, officials could take steps like telling people not to eat locally grown food or drink
A．Respectful． C．Favorable．
B．Negative． D．Doubtful．
the water．
JONATHAN LINKS: \"But that would only be the case if there was a significant release （释放） and, because of wind direction, the radioactive material was blown over the area, and then into and onto water, plants, fruits and vegetables．\"
The reactors at Fukushima are on the Pacific coast．But Professor Links says people should not worry about any radioactive material leaking（泄漏） into the ocean．
JONATHAN LINKS: \"Even in a worst accident, the sea provides a very high degree of dilution （稀释） ．So the concentration （浓度） of radioactivity in the seawater would still be quite low．\"
Japan is the only country to have had atomic bombs dropped on it．That memory from World War Two would create a stronger \"psychological sensitivity\" to radiation exposure．
Next month is the 25th anniversary of the explosion and fire that destroyed a reactor at Chemobyl in Ukraine．The 1986 event was the world's worst accident in the nuclear power industry．
A new report says over 6000 cases of thyroid cancer have been found．These are in people who were children in affected areas of Belarus, Russia and Ukraine．The report says that by 2005 the cancers had resulted in fifteen deaths．The cancers were largely caused by drinking contaminated （污染的） milk from cows eating grass where radioactive material had fallen． 57．The passage mainly tells us ______．
A．what measures the Japanese government takes to solve the nuclear crisis． B．worries and influences caused by the nuclear crisis．
C．with great efforts of scientists, the Japanese government has put the nuclear crisis under control．
D．to explain that the nuclear crisis has less effect on its neighboring countries．
58．Which of the following is not the influence caused by the leak of Fukushima Dai-Ichi
Nuclear Power Station?
A．Workers at the nuclear station are suffering the risk of death．
B．Even low doses of radiation in a nuclear accident can cause people's cancer．
C．More than 6000 cases of thyroid cancer have been found．
D．Wind may blow the radioactive material over the area causing pollution to water．
59．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE ?
A．It's not necessary for people to worry about any radioactive material leaking into the ocean．
B．No country other than Japan has had atomic bombs dropped on it． C．By 2005, there had been 15 deaths caused by thyroid cancer．
D．The nuclear accident in Japan is the worst in the nuclear power industry．
60．This article is probably chosen from a ____． 参考答案
C2 [2013·江西卷]
The light from the campfire brightened the darkness, but it could not prevent the damp cold of Dennis's Swamp (沼泽地) creeping into their bones. It was a strange place. Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jack's dare. They liked camping, but not near this swamp.
“So，” Martin asked as they sat watching the hot coals. “How did this place get its name? ”
“Are you sure you want to hear it? It's a scary story，” warned Jack. “Of course！” cried out Tom. “If there were anything to be scared of, you wouldn't have chosen this place！”
“OK, but don't say I didn't warn you，” said Jack, and he began his tale. A．website B．medical report C．science fiction D．tourist handbook
“Way back in time, a man called Dennis tried to start a farm here. He built that cottage over there to live in. In those days, the area looked quite different—it was covered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystal－clear river. After three hard years, Dennis had cleared several fields and planted crops. He was so proud of his success that he refused to listen to advice.”
“‘You are clearing too much land’， warned one old man. ‘The land is a living thing. It will hit back at you if you abuse it.’
‘Silly fool’， said Dennis to himself. ‘If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I'll become wealthier. He's just jealous！’”
“Dennis continued to chop down trees. Small animals that relied on them for food and shelter were destroyed. He was so eager to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door. He did not notice salt seeping to the surface of the land. He did not notice swamp plants choking all the native plants.”
“What happened? ” Martin asked. It was growing colder. He trembled, twisting his body closer to the fire.
“The land hit back—just as the old man warned, ” Jack shrugged. “Dennis disappeared. Old folks around here believe that swamp plants moved up from the river and dragged him underwater. His body was never found.”
“What a stupid story, ” laughed Tom. “Plants can't…” Before he had finished speaking, he screamed and fainted(晕倒). The other two boys jumped up with fright, staring at Tom. Suddenly, they burst out laughing. Some green swamp ivy (常春藤) had covered Tom's face. It was a while before Tom could appreciate the joke.
56．The underlined word “dare” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________． A. courage B. assistance C. instruction D. challenge
57. Why did Jack tell Tom and Martin the story? A. To frighten them.
B. To satisfy their curiosity.
C. To warn them of the danger of the place. D. To persuade them to camp in the swamp.
58. Why did Dennis ignore the warning of the old man? A. The old man envied him. B. The old man was foolish.
C. He was too busy to listen to others. D. He was greedy for more crops. 59. Why did Tom scream and faint? A. He saw Dennis's shadow. B. He was scared by a plant.
C. His friends played a joke on him. D. The weather became extremely cold.
60. What lesson can we learn from the story of Dennis? A. Grasp all, lose all. B. No sweat, no sweet.
C. It is no use crying over spilt milk. D. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.
【要点综述】 本文主要讲述了三个人在沼泽地附近露营以及Dennis's Swamp名字的由来。
56. D 考查词义猜测。由语境可知，他们去沼泽地野营应该是接受了杰克的挑战。 57. B 考查推理判断。根据第二、三、四段他们的对话可知，Jack多次警告他们这个故事吓人，但经不住他们的请求还是告诉他们了，可知讲这个故事并不是为了吓他们，而是为了满足他们的好奇心。
58. D 考查细节理解。由第八段“If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I'll become wealthier. He's just jealous！”可知他想有更多的土地，种更多的庄稼，变得更富有，还认为老人在嫉妒他。由此可知他不听老人的劝告是因为他想种更多的庄稼。
59. B 考查细节理解。由最后一段倒数第二句“Some green swamp ivy (常春藤) had covered Tom's face.”可知他晕倒的原因是因为他被常春藤吓到了。
60. A 考查推理判断。综观全文可知贪婪的Dennis因为其贪婪，结果失去了一切，故A项“贪多必失”，符合语境。
阅读理解---A
A week ago, I had the great pleasure of reading an e-book, When Money Talks, Listen! By Rich Ezzo. It took only about an hour to read.
When I first received a copy, I thought it was a Get Rich Quick type of publication. Nothing is wrong with Get Rich Quick, but my mind just doesn’t chase after dreams of wealth. I think that if God ever wants me to be rich, he knows where to find my purse.
When I began reading When Money Talks, Listen!, I was overjoyed to find that Rich Ezzo isn’t money hungry either. He, too, is hungry far more important than money. Since I love this e-book so much, why wait a week to write the review? Simple. I wanted to see if the effect it had on me was a keeper. After reading the last word of the e-book, I totally agreed with the subtitle which promised to forever change the way we thought about money. I had so many thoughts running around my mind that I had to install(安装) a stoplight to stop some while others made their way into the picture, then I yielded(让路) them as a few ones arrived in town. I had a mental traffic jam, which only goes to show how slow the traffic usually is.
It has been a week and the effect is the same. I truly do look at money differently and have even done a few things differently this week. This is an e-book you’ll want to read, I promise. I often recommend books to my daughter, and this is one that I didn’t just “suggest”---I left it open at the bottom of the computer and told each one, “Read it, you’ll love it.”
I would never point someone in a direction I wouldn’t go myself. I urge you to visit the author’s website, Myster Money, and to download the e-book. You won’t regret it.
41. According to the passage, a Get Rich Quick type of publication ______. A. is what the author really cares for B. deals with how to make money
C. is also an e-book written by Rich Ezzo D. is more popular than e-books
42.The author didn't write the review as soon as he finished reading the book
because________.
A. he was too excited to write anything B. he was not sure whether he did well C. he had to wait for Rich Ezzo's permission
D. he wondered if the book would have long influence on him
43. By saying the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4, the author probably _________. A. shows that the book brought him many new thoughts B. shows how bad the traffic is in town
C. describes the difficulty in understanding the book D. explains it's hard to change one's attitude to money 44. Which of the following is supported by the passage? A. The author had known Rich Ezzo before.
B. The author hasn't dreamed of getting rich immediately. C. The author always prefers e-books to paper books. D. The author likes Get Rich Quick-type of publications.
参考答案41-44 BDAB
C2 [2013·辽宁卷]
China is a land of bicycles.At least it was back in 1992 when I traveled the country.Back then everyone seemed to be riding a bicycle.Millions of them, all black.Cars were rare.Yet since my arrival in Beijing last year, I've found the opposite is true.There are millions of cars.However, people still use their bicycles to get around.For many, it's the easiest and cheapest way to travel today.Bicycles also come in different colors—silver, green, red, blue, yellow, whatever you want.
It's fun watching people biking.They rush quickly through crossroads, move skillfully through traffic, and ride even on sidewalks(人行道)．Bicycles allow people the freedom to move about that cars just can't provide.
Eager to be part of this aspect of Chinese culture, I decided to buy a bicycle.Great weather accompanied my great buy.I immediately jumped up on my bicycle seat and started home.
My first ride home was orderly(守秩序的)．To be safe, I stayed with a “pack” of bikers while cars on the streets came running swiftly out of nowhere at times.I didn't want to get hit.So I took the ride carefully.
Crossing the streets was the biggest problem.It was a lot like crossing a major highway back in the United States.The streets here were wide, so crossing took time，skill and a little bit of luck.
I finally made it home.The feeling on the bicycle was amazing.The air hitting my face and going through my hair was wonderful.I was sitting on top of the world as I passed by places and people.Biking made me feel alive.
56．According to the author, why are bicycles still popular in China today? A．Because they are traditional and safe. B．Because they are convenient and inexpensive. C．Because they are colorful and available. D．Because they are fast and environment friendly.
57．The author decided to buy a bicycle because he intended ________． A．to ride it for fun B．to use it for transport C．to experience local culture D．to improve his riding skills
58．How did the author feel about his street crossing? A．It was boring. B．It was difficult. C．It was lively. D．It was wonderful.
59．Which of the following best describes the author's biking experience? A．The author enjoyed showing off his biking skills. B．The author was annoyed by the air while riding.
C．The author was praised by the other bikers. D．The author took great pleasure in biking.
【要点综述】 本文是记叙文，主要讲作者来到中国，为了体验当地文化，买了一辆自行车在大街上骑自行车的快乐经历。
56．B 细节理解题。根据“对许多人来说，这是今天最简单、最便宜的出行方式”可推断，流行的原因是自行车不贵而且方便，所以选B。
57．C 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“渴望成为中国文化的一部分，我决定买一辆自行车”可推断，作者是想体验中国当地文化。
58．B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“过马路是最大的问题”，再加上下文的描述可知，对他来说，过马路是很困难的。
59．D 推理判断题。最后一段中描述“在自行车上这种感觉是令人惊讶的，微风吹过我的脸和头发，这种感觉是美妙的”说明作者在骑自行车的过程中是快乐的。
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