Module1
一、重点单词和词组
1. tidy up 收拾 整理 eg: The classroom is very untidy, we must tidy it up. 2. have a collection of 收集 eg: He has a very good collection of foreign coins.
3. take up 占用、花去 eg: The work took up all his time. 4. all the time 一直、总是 相当于always 5. be/become interested in 对、、、感兴趣
interest (1) n 兴趣 可数n 复数 interests (2) 使、、、产生兴趣, 常用interest sb interesting adj. 有趣的 用来修饰物或人， 主语可是物 interested adj. 感兴趣的， 主语一般是人，指人对某事物惹兴趣。 eg: The story is very interesting. We’re interested in it. This is an interesting story. Hobbies can make you grow as a person, develop your interests and help you learn new skills. 爱好能使你成长，培养你们的兴趣，并帮助你们学到新的技能。
6. at the end of 在、、、结束时，在、、、的尽头 7. hobby 可数n 其复数hobbies
Eg: My hobby is writing. Her hobbies are collecting fans and playing the violin.
8. happen 发生vi 相当于take place. 它的用法如下：
（1）表示“某地/时发生了什么事”常用“sth+ happen+地点/时间”这一结构来表达，此时主语应是事物。
Eg: The story happened/took place in 2003. 这个故事发生在2003年。 An accident happened in that street. 那条街上发生了一起事故。
(2) 表示某人出了某事（常指不好的事）要用“sth+ happen+ to sb”这一结构来表达。Eg: What happened to you? 你怎么啦？
A car accident happened to her this morning. 今天上午她发生了交通事故。
9. ①how often 多久一次 用来对频度副词的提问，频度adv 如：always; often; usually; sometimes; hardly; seldom; one a week; twice a day; every day; every week(year…..). ② how long 多长时间，用来对for+一段时间，since+ 过去时间点或since从句提问。③ how far 多远，用来对如twenty miles, five kilometers等距离提问。
④ how soon 过多久（才）。用来对如in + 一段时间提问。
⑤ how much “多少”，对不可数n量的提问；“多少钱”对价钱的提问。 ⑥ how many ―多少‖。对可数n量的提问。
Eg: How often do you watch TV? Three times a week. How long have you studied English? Since 2006.
How far is it from your home to school? About ten miles. How soon will your father come back? In 2 days. How much does it cost to fly from Beijing to Haikou one day? About 1,000 yuan. How many people are there in your family? 10. come out 出版、发行、出来、花开
The magazine comes out once a month. 这个杂志一个月出一期。 11. for example 用于对前面的描述举例说明。 such as 意为：“像、、、这样的；诸如、、、之类的”引导同位语。 Languages, such as English and French, are not difficult to learn. 语言，如英语、法语，并不难学。
I’ve visited many cities, for example, New York, Chicago and Boston. 12. as well as 既、、、又、、、；不仅、、、而且、、、；除、、、之外（也）。用于肯定句中，起连接作用，重在强调其前面的人或物，连接两个主语，谓语动词与as well as前的主语保持一致。 not only… but also… 不仅、、、而且、、、重在强调but also 之后的人或物。 not only… but also… 连接主语时，谓语动词与后面的主语保持一致，即采用就近原则。Eg: She’s clever as well as beautiful. 她不但漂亮而且聪明。
She’s not only beautiful but also clever. You as well as I are students. (谓语动词与as well as 前的主语保持一致) Not only you but also I am students. (谓语动词与but also 后的主语保持一致).
13. in one’s free time. 在某人的空闲时间里。 14. as a result of = because of 由于、、、的结果。 as a result= so 结果、因此
eg: He was late for school as a result of the heavy rain. 因为雨大所以他上学迟到了。
15. spend/pay/cost/take的区别:
(1) spend spent spent 人作主语，常用于“人+ spend+ some time/money+ on+ sth” 或是“人+ spend + some time + (in)doing sth”结构中。Eg: I spent 30 yuan on the book.
He spends an hour on his homework every day. My brother spends two hours(in) playing the piano.
(2) pay paid paid 人作主语，用于某人为某物付款，它的句型是：“人+ pay+ some money+ for sth”相当于“人+ spend+ some money+ on+ sth”
Eg: I paid 30 yuan for the book. = I spent 30 yuan n the book.
(3)cost cost cost 物作主语，常用于sth+ cost+ sb + some+ money. 某物花某人一些钱。 It + cost sb+ some money + to do sth. Eg: The book cost me 30 yuan. 这本书花了我30元钱。 = I spent 30 yuan on the book. 我花下30元钱买下这本书。 = I paid 30 yuan for the book. 买下这本书我付了30元钱。
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(4) take took taken 一般指花费时间，常用于“It takes sb some time to do sth ”相当于“人+ spend + some time+ in doing sth”. Eg: It takes my brother 2 hours to play the piano. = My brother spends two hours in playing the piano. 16. many other + 可数n(pl) 意为“许多其它的”
any other + 可数n(单) 用于肯定句，表示“任何一个” any other + 可数n(复) 用于否定句和疑问问，表示“其他的、、、” eg: I have seen many other animals. 我见过许多其他的动物。
He is taller than any other boy in his class. 他比班上任何一个男孩都高。 Do you have any other questions? 你还有其他的问题吗？ 17. look after= take care of 照顾 18. in life 一生中
19. We shouldn’t spend all our time on our favorite hobby. 我们不应该把我们所有的时间花在我们最喜欢的爱好上。
20. I often listen to him play the piano. 我经常听他弹钢琴。
注：listen to 的用法，listen to sb do sth 后面跟不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语。表示“听某人做某事”，强调动作已完成。类似用法还有这些动词如：see/hear/watch/notice/look at 接 sb do sth 21. success (n 成功) successful(adj 成功的) successfully(adv 成功地)
succeed (v 成功) succeed in doing sth 成功地做某事。
Module 2
1、重点语法：宾语从句
(1) I bought a book yesterday (用一个单词充当宾语) (2) I want to go to the cinema. (用不定式充当宾语)
(3) I hope that he will come back tomorrow. (用一个句子充当宾语)
概念：在一个复合句中，由一个句子充当宾语，则这个句子叫做宾语从句。学习宾语从句注意三个问题：（一）宾语从句的引导词，（二）宾语从句的语序（三）宾语从句的时态。
I、宾语从句的引导词分为三类：A、引导陈述句用that B、引导一般疑问句用jf或whether. （注意）下列几种情况常使用whether而不用if. (A) 与or not 连用时用whether, 构成whether… or not. (B)在介词之后用whether （C）在不定式前用whether. C、引导特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词。如: what, what time, who, why, when, where, how, how many + n(pl), how old, how often, how long, how soon, how far 等。
II、宾语从句的语序。在宾语从句的复合句中，不管主句是陈述句还是疑问从句一律使用陈述语序，即用“主句 +连接词（引导词）+主语+谓语+宾语+其他”
III、宾语从句的时态。A、如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的时态可视情况使用任何一种相关的时态。Eg: I don’t know if it will snow (snow) tomorrow.
B、如果主句的谓语动词是过去时态，从句必须用过去相应的某一种时电话。 态。 10.--Can I take a message? 我可以捎个口信吗？ 一般现在时 一般过去时，现在进行时 过去进行时，一般take a message 捎口信， leave a message留口信 将来时（will +V原） —No, thanks. I’ll call back later. 不，谢谢，过会儿再打过来。
过去将来时（would +V原），现在完成时（have, has +V过去分词） 11. That’s OK./ It doesn’t matter 没关系。 过去完成时（had +V过去分词） 三、重点词组及句型
Eg: I asked him A. which one did he like best B. which 1. person (人 n. )----personal (adj. 个人的 ) 一般将来时。
(2) some time 指“一段时间” (3) sometimes 指“有时、偶尔”，相当于 at times.
(4.) some times ―几次‖， 相当于 a few times 或 several times 常用于现在完成时中。如：
I have been to the Great Wall some times. 11. whether …or not 是否
one he likes best C. which one he liked best D. which one does he like best C、如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象、客观性动作等，不管主句是什么时态，从句时态习惯上用一般现在时。 Eg: Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told us. My teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. D、如果主句的谓语动词是情态动词could/would you tell me /us 时，或would like用于请求，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句时态不受主句的约束。 Eg: 1. ―Where does she live?‖ Could you tell me? Could you tell me where she lives? 2. Could you tell me ? A. how did Mary come here B. where Mary lives C. when Mary would be back. 分析：此题主句中的could不视为can的过去式，而表示委婉的语气，从句时态不受主句的约束，A项语序不正确。C项根据实际情况该用一般将来时。答案为B 练习题：（1）We’d like to know or not. A. whether will the sports meeting come B. if will the sports meeting come C. whether the sports meeting will come D. if the sports meeting will come (2) Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know. I don’t know at the door so loudly. (3) ―Have you finished your home work yet?‖ Mr Zhao asked Lucy. Mr Zhao asked Lucy her homework yet. 二、重点电话用语： 1. Could I speak to sb, please? 请问，我可以跟某某通电话吗？ 2. --Who’s calling, please? 请问，你是谁？ -- It’s Sally. 我是Sally。 3. This is 、、、speaking. 我是、、、，请讲。 4. Is that 、、、speaking? 你是某某吗？ 5. May I help you? 我可以帮助你吗？ 6. That’s very kind of you. 你真是太好了！ 7. Hold the line, please.= Hold on, please? 请稍等一下。 8. Sorry, he isn’t here right now. 很抱歉，他现在不在这儿。 9. Sorry, I’m afraid you have the wrong number. 很抱歉，恐怕你打错了
I am going to ask you some personal questions. 2. in fact 事实上 3.right now = at the moment 现在，目前，此刻 just now 刚才，用于一般过去时，just 刚刚， 用于现在完成时。 4.a couple of 一些，几个 eg: I’ll just have a couple of mooncakes.我就吃几个月饼吧。 5.“in + 一段时间”， 常用一般将来时，表示“一段时间之后”，对它提问用how soon They will come back in a couple of weeks. —How soon will they come back? 他们几个星期之后回来。 6. What does it feel like? (中国让你) 感觉如何？ —It’s a very exciting place. 它是一个令人兴奋的地方。 注意： What does it feel like? 用来询问对方对某件事物的看法, What does it feel like to be at school in America? 在美国上学让你感觉如何？ 另外： What do you think of China?= How do you like China?=What does China feel like? 也可以用来询问他人对某事物的看法。 7.Good luck! 是祝愿用语。意为“祝走运，祝顺利” 后跟人时， 要用介词to, 后跟物时，要用with., Good luck to you ! 祝你好运！ Good luck with the concert! 祝音乐会顺利。 luck ( n. 运气 ) lucky (adj.幸运的) luckily(adv.幸运地) unlucky(adj.不幸运的) unluckily(adv.不幸运地) Luckily, he caught the early bus.幸运的是，他赶上了早班车。 8. Why don’t you bring all your friends for a visit to Radio Beiing? ---OK 你为什么不把你所有的朋友带来参观北京电台？ Why don’t you /we+ 动词原形、、、？ = Why not + 动词原形 、、、？为什么不做某事？它表示提建议。 9. maybe 用于句首，意为“也许、大概”，相当于perhaps may +( 动词原形) / be 用于句中，may意为“可能” Maybe he is at home.(也许他在家里)= He may be at home.（他可能在家里） Maybe he knows it = He may know it. 也许他知道这件事。 10. （1）sometime 指“（过去或将来）某个时间” 用于一般过去时或
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12. by the way 顺便问一下，顺便说
the way to、、、去某地的路 in this way 用这种方式 on one’s way to + 地点名词 去某地的路上 +地点副词（如：home, there, here, abroad） in a way 在某种程度上 on the way 在途中 13. wait for sb/sth Are you waiting for me/the bus?
wait for sb to do sth 等某人做某事 Sally is waiting for Chenhuan to arrive 14. I have heard that you like English. 我听说你喜欢英语。
I’ve got to know that English is really useful. 我逐渐认识到英语很有用。
15. feel like 感觉；想要。其中like为介词，后接n或v-ing. Eg: The children feel like eating ( eat ) ice cream. 16. far away 遥远的 eg: My old school was far away. be far from 离、、、远 My home is far from the school. 17. alone/lonely 区别：alone 指一个人处境“孤单”，通常不带感情色彩；lonely强调内心的“孤单”，带有一定的感情色彩，alone 既可作adj, 也可作adv. lonely为adj. Eg: He is alone but he doesn’t feel lonely. My grandmother lives alone. 我的奶奶独自一个人住。 There is a lonely village there. 那里有一个孤寂的村庄。
18. be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 I’m afraid to go out at night. = I’m afraid of going out at night
be afraid of sth 害怕、、、 I am afraid of dogs. be afraid + 从句 恐怕、、、 I’m afraid that I can’t go with you. 19. make friends with sb 和某人交朋友 be friendly to sb=be kind to 对某人友好 20. hear sb doing sth 听见某人正在做某事
hear sb do sth （经常）听到某人做某事，
或听见某人做某事全过程, 强调动作已完成。
Eg: --- Do you often hear John (sing) in his room?
--- Yes, Listen! Now we can hear him (sing ) in his room.
练习：I heard the baby ________ a few minutes ago. A. to cry B. crying C.cried D.was crying 21. worry about = be worried about.
worry about表动作 be worried about表状态 worry vt. 使某人担心， 常用worry sb.
Eg: You don’t have to worry about me. 你不必为我担心。 She is worried about her son. 她在为她儿子担心. Don’t worry. 不要担心。
What worries you most? 什么使你最担心。 22. Every time/Each time 引导一个时间状语，意思是“每当、、、的时候” Eg: Every time/Each time I ask you to do something, you always say you’re too busy. 每次我让你干事，你总是说太忙。
Every time we went to London, it always rained. 每次我们去伦敦，天总是在下雨。
Every time I heard the other students talking and laughing, I felt my heart break. 每次我听到其他同学又说又笑，我就感到心碎。 23. talk to/with sb about sth 就某事与某人交谈.
Eg: I couldn’t talk to anyone about my problem. 我不想跟任何人交谈我的问题。
One day, my classmates talked happily with their friends. 24. as usual 像往常一样
I sat at my desk unhappily as usual. 我像往常一样无精打采地坐在课桌旁。
25. at that moment 在那时 26. enter = come into 进入
eg: At that moment, a boy came into the classroom. 在那时，一个男孩走进教室。
27. He looked at me, without a word, smiled. 他看着我，一句话也不说，只是微笑。 without 为介词，意思是“没有，不”，后接n/v-ing。而with则表示“具有，带有”二者都可表示一种伴随情况。
Eg: He hurried off without saying a word. 他没说一句话就匆匆离开了。 He was looking at me with a smile on his face. 他正面带微笑看着我。 28. smile at sb 向某人微笑 laugh at sb 嘲笑某人
Eg: I asked him why he smiled but he couldn’t remember smiling at me. 我问他为什么笑，但是他不记得朝我笑过。
Don’t laugh at anyone who is in trouble. 不要嘲笑处在困境中的人。 29. day by day 一天天地 year by year 一年又一年 one by one 一个接一个。
Eg: The situation changes day by day. 形势天天在变化。 You may come in one by one. 你们可以一个一个地进来。
30. close adj 近的，亲近的、亲密的 v 关闭 closed adj 关着的 Eg: My home is close to the school. 我的家离学校很近。
He sits close to me. 他坐在我的旁边。
We’re close to each other. 我们相互很亲密。
Day by day, I became closer to everyone in my class. 一天天地，我与班内的每个人都越来越亲近。
Ann closed her book and stood up. I have a cold now. I must keep the window closed while sleeping. 现在我感冒了，我必须在睡觉时把窗子关着。 31. matter v 要紧 n 事情 问题 ---I’m sorry to trouble you. ---It doesn’t matter. What’s the matter with you? = What’s wrong with you? = What’s the trouble with you? = What happened to you? 你怎么啦？
Module 3
一、重点语法： to + v 与v-ing (一)跟不定式作宾语的动词有：
1. want to do sth 想做某事 2. would like to do sth 想要做某事 3. hope to do sth 希望做某事 4. plan to do sth 计划做某事
5. decide to do sth 决定做某事 6. agree to do sth 同意做某事7. learn to do sth 学会做某事 8. offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 9. seem to do sth 似乎/好像做某事 10. refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事 （二）必须跟v-ing形式作宾语的动词有：
1. enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 2. finish doing sth 做完某事 3. practice doing sth 练习做某事 4. keep doing sth 一直不停地做某事
5. give up doing sth 放弃做某事 6. mind doing sth 介意做某事 7. miss doing sth错过/思念做某事 8. suggest doing sth 建议做某事
9. be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 10. be worth doing sth 值得做某事
11. plan on doing sth 计划做某事 12. spend some time in doing sth 花时间做某事
（三）既可以跟动词不定式又可以跟动名词作宾语的动词，有时候要注意它们意义的区别：
1. stop to do sth 停下来干另一件事. stop doing sth 停止正在干的事情。
Eg: You look so tired, why not stop to have a rest?
When their teacher came in, the students stopped talking. 2. remember to do sth 记住要去做某事 remember doing sth 记得曾经做过某事
eg: Remember to close the windows before you go out.
I remember meeting her at a party once. 我记得曾经在次聚会上见过她。 3. forget to do sth 忘了去做某事（此事未做） forget doing sth 忘了做过某事
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Eg: I’m sorry I forgot to bring the book to you. I forgot closing the door.
4. like to do sth (具体地某次)喜欢做某事 like doing sth 平时喜欢做某事。
Eg: He likes swimming but today he doesn’t like to swim. 他喜欢游泳，但是他今天不喜欢游泳。 5. try to do sth 努力做某事，尽力做某事 try doing sth 试着做某事
I’ll try to improve my pronunciation. 我将努力改善我的发音。 Why not try knocking at the back door? 为什么不试着敲后门呢？ 6. hear sb do sth 听见某人做某事全过程 hear sb doing sth 听见某人正在做某事
7. see sb do sth 看见某人做某事的全过程 see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 8.go on doing sth 继续做同一件事 go on to do sth 继续做另一件事
(四) 既可以跟动词不定式又可以跟动名词作宾语的意思区别不大的动词有：
1. begin to do/doing sth 开始做某事 2. start to do /doing sth 开始做某事
3. continue to do/doing sth 继续做某事 4. hate to do/doing sth 讨厌做某事
5. love to do/doing sth 喜爱做某事。 （五）注意need的特殊用法 1. need 作情态动词
(1)need 作情态动词，无人称或数的变化，后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。
Eg: You needn’t worry. 你不必担心。
（2）由need引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must 或have to， 否
定回答常用needn’t/ don’t have to
eg: Need I answer the question? 我需要回答这个问题吗？ --- Yes, you must. / Yes, you have to. 是的，你必须回答。 --- No, you needn’t/ don’t have to 不，不必。
(3)由 must 引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to
Eg: Must I finish my homework now? 现在我必须完成我的家庭作业吗？ Yes, you must/have to. 是的，你必须。
No, you needn’t/don’t have to. 不，你不必。
2. need作行为v，有人称和数的变化，后接n/to +v原形，也有时态的变化。其肯定用need/needs/needed,其否定用don’t/doesn’t/didn’t/+need. 其疑问借助动词do/does/did. Eg: She needs some help. I don’t need to see the doctor.
3. 当need的主语为物时，其用法为“物+ need + V-ing”
Eg: These flowers need watering. The shoes need mending. The shoes need to be mended. 4.当need的主语为人时，其用法为“人+need + to do sth ” 二、课文中重点单词，词组及句型。
1. We’d like to thank you for taking us around Radio Beijing. (1) would like “想，想要”相当于want. 其用法如下： A. Would you like something to eat? Yes, please. (No, thanks.) win 后面的宾语常用match, game, prize等，如果表示打败某人，某个队，某个国家就是动词beat.
Eg: ( A ) Li Lei Jim and the first prize. A. beat, won B. won, beat C. won, won 10. score n 成绩，分数 v. 得分
Eg: What’s the score of the China-England match? 中英比赛的比分是多少？
England scored two goals and China scored three so the score of the match BBC closes down at 12:45 to night.
Most television and radio stations close down at 12:00 pm. 21. look out of 朝、、、外看 Eg: Listen to me carefully. Don’t look out of the window. 22. by: 介词 通过、、、方式 在、、、旁边
Eg: People from all over the world make friends by writing letters. He makes a living by selling fruit Last night we camped by a small lake. B. Would you like to go to the cinema with me? Yes, I’d like to. (No/Sorry, but….并说出理由)
C. would like +n eg: I would like some bananas.
would like to do sth eg: I would like to have a cup of tea. would like sb to do sth eg: I would like him to stay at home.
(2) thank sb for… 表示“因为某事感谢某人”后面可跟sth 或是doing sth
Eg: I must thank you for your help. 我必须感谢你的帮助。 Thank you for helping me. 感谢你帮助了我。
（3）take/show sb around + 某地 带某人参观某地。 Would you like to take/show me around your new school? 2. I enjoy showing visitors around.我喜欢带领游客四处参观。 3. Remember to look out for the red light. look out for 当心，注意。Eg: Remember to look out for the traffic lights when you’re driving. 开车的时候记住要注意交通信号灯。 4. mention v. 提及 Did he mention it last night? Don’t mention it. 不客气。（本句表示答复别人的感谢，同样的用语还有That’s all right./ You’re welcome./ Not at all./ With pleasure.） ( C ) --- Thank you for your help. --- . A. OK B. The same to you. C. Don’t mention it. D. All right.
5. On Radio Beijing everyone needs to speak English well. So keep studying. 在北京广播电台，每个人都必须英语讲得好，所以要一直不停地学习。 6. We decide what to listen to and who to see. 注意: 动词不定式与疑问词连用作动词的宾语。 Eg: I can’t decide which coat to buy.
7. Me, too! 我也是。常常用在口语中，表达自己的情形也和对方所提及的一样。 Eg: My daughter has been to many countries. --- Me, too! --- I enjoy reading books at home during weekends. --- Me, too!
8. prepare for = get ready for= be ready for 为某事作好准备 be ready准备好 ,
be (get ) ready to do sth.准备做某事，乐意做某事 Mother is preparing for supper.
9. win 与beat区别: win won won winner winning beat beat beaten
is 2:3.
11. How does sb feel about doing sth? 某人对做某事感觉如何？ Eg: --- How does Chen Huan feel about taking them around? ---He enjoys doing it.
12. agree with sb / sb’s idea / what sb said 同意某人/ 某人的观点/某人所说的话
agree to the plan / arrangement 同意某项计划、安排 agree on sth 在某事上取得一致意见 agree to do sth 同意做某事 13. look down at 低下头看着某人
Eg: The manager looked down at me without saying a word. 经理低下头看着我，一句话也没说。
14. job 可数n “一份工作”可以说a job. work 不可数n “一份工作”要用a piece of work Eg: I can find a part-time job. 我能找到一份兼职的工作。 I’m busy today, because I have a lot of work to do. 15. at the age of 在、、、岁时，相当于when sb was… years old. Eg: I began to learn English at the age of five.
= I began to learn English when I was five years old. 16. ask sb for sth 向某人要某物 eg: ask sb for help/advice/money向某人寻求帮助/征求意见/要钱 ask for a job 求职 Eg: When we’re in trouble, we should ask for help. 当我们陷入困境时，我们应该寻求帮助。 17. in person 亲自 Eg: I will go to the meeting in person. 我将亲自赴会。 18. seem 似乎，看起来。 系动词：用法结构如下： （1）seem+ n (2) seem + adj (3) seem + to be(do) sth (4) It seems/seemed that… Eg: He seems an honest man. 他看起来是个诚实的人。
It seemed that they were speaking to me in person. 就好像他本人在亲自和我交流。 He seems happy.
He seems to have confidence in himself. 他好像很自信。
19. learn about 听说， eg: One day I learnt about Intemet radio. 20. close down 停止播音，关闭 4
23. glass 作“玻璃”讲，为不可数n, glass作“玻璃杯”讲为可数n A glass is made of glass.玻璃杯是由玻璃制成的。 24. begin… with… 以、、、开始、、、 Eg: All radio presenters begin work with the same question. 所有播音员都是从回答这个相同问题开始工作的。 25. He works in radio. 他从事播音。
26. sound, noise与voice区别:(1)sound泛指任何声音，不论其高低，是否悦耳等。
（2）noise表示“噪音，喧闹”，指的是人们不愿听到的声音或嘈杂声，不可数名词。（3）voice用于人时，指说话声、歌唱声或发笑的声音。 Eg: I heard the sound of running water. Light travels faster than sound.
I heard some strange noise last night. There is a lot of noise here. Please speak in a louder voice.
27. Just tell me what you had for breakfast. 只需告诉我你早餐吃了什么？
I had a glass of milk and 2 eggs for breakfast. Module 4
一、重点语法：if从句即if引导的条件状语从句。 if从句表示“如果”，可以放在主句之前，用逗号隔开；也可以放在主句之后，不用逗号。
Eg: If you want to go, please tell me. 如果你想去的话,请告诉我. = Please tell me if you want to go.
再如: If the green light isn’t on, wait a minute. 如果绿灯不亮,就等一分钟. = Wait a minute if the green light isn’t on. 学习if从句主要注意主从句时态的要求. (1) 主句是祈使句,从句用一般现在时, eg:
A. If you want to turn on the recorder, press the blue button. B. If you want to play back, press the green button. C. If the red light doesn’t come on, wait for 30 seconds.
(2) 主句的谓语动词是“情态动词+动词原形”时，从句的谓语动词用一般现在时。
If you don’t come tomorrow, we can hold the party later. 明天如果你不能来，我们可能迟一点举行聚会。
If the lights are red, the traffic must stop. 红灯亮时，车辆必须停。 (3) 主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时。
If you eat a lot of sugar, you will put on weight.如果你吃许多的糖，你将会长胖。
（4）主句谓语用一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时。 二、本模块中重点单词、短语及句型 1. borrow 指主语“把东西借进来”，常与from连用，即：borrow sth from sb ,lend指主语“把东西借出去”，常与to 连用，即:lend sth to sb = lend （5) the others表示特指，相当于the other+ 复数n, 指其余的人或物. Eg: There are twenty teachers in our school. Some of them can speak English and Chinese. Some can speak Japanese and Chinese, the others can only speak Chinese.
4. choose chose chosen 选择 choose to do sth
Eg: He chose to take the bus there.
5. If your mobile phone doesn’t have enough memory, save it on your find 找到，发现， 侧重于找的结果
find out 找出，查明， 指通过一定的努力，查出事情的真相
look up 指在（网上/字典/词典/参考书上）查找 eg: I looked for my book everywhere, but I couldn’t find it. The window is broken. Try to find out who broke it. I decided to take a photo of it and look it up on the Internet.
Module 5
一、重点语法：if引导的条件状语从句——if从句一般现在时，表示未sb sth
如： We often borrow all kinds of books from the school library. ---Bob, may I borrow your MP4? ---Sure. but you’d better not lend it to others. borrow 与 lend 是短暂性动词，若表示借一段时间用keep,如： You can keep (借) this book for 2 days.
2. turn on /switch on 打开，接通（电灯、自来水、煤气、无线电等） turn off/switch off 关掉、切断 turn up 开大点、调高 turn down 开小点、调低
3.come on 常用在口语中，在不同的句子中，有着不同的含义，如： If the red light doesn’t come on, wait for thirty seconds. 如果红灯不亮，等三十秒钟。
Come on! We’ll be late. 刚快，我们要迟到了。
Come on, guys, You can do it. 加油, 小伙子们， 你们一定行！ Oh, come on. Stop talking like that 喔，算了吧, 别那样说。
4. If you want to send your recording by email, connect the printer to/with the computer.
如果你想通过电子邮件发送录音的话，把录音机与你的电脑连接起来。 5.play back 指的是“重新播放”
I recorded Mike’s voice, then played it back to him. 我把麦克的声音录下来，然后放给他听。
6.another/other/others/the other/the others的区别：
（1）another 指（三者或三者以上中的）另一个，表示“又一、再一”，后接单数名词。 Can you give me another one? （2）other 意为“其他的”，other + 复数名词，指“其他的人或物” What other things can you see ? （3）others 表示泛指，相当于other + 复数名词，指“其他的人或物”，它一般与some 连用，构成“some…others….”一些、、、另一些、、、 （4）the other表示特指，有限定的范围,与单数n连用，指两者中的“另一个”与one 连用构成“one… the other… (一共两个)“一个、、、另一个、、、”
Eg: There are some trees on the other side of the river I have two brothers, one is a worker, the other is a doctor.
computer. 如果你的手机内存不够，把它保存在电脑上。 6. If a snake bites you, take a photo with your mobile phone. 如果一条蛇咬了你，用手机拍一照片。
7. save 动词 （1）营救，挽救 save one’s life 救某人的命
（2）节约，节省 Please save water. 请节约用水。 （3）储存 He saved up a lot of money. The doctor saved thousands of people’s lives all his life.
8. He picked up a dish from the table and suddenly a snake appeared...bit him on the hand. 他从桌上拿起一个盘子，突然一条蛇出现了、、、并咬到了他的手。
（1）pick up V+ adv 短语，跟n，既可以放在它们中间，也可放在它们之后，跟代词宾格，须放在它们中间。pick sth up 意思是“捡起、拾起” pick sb up 意思是“接某人”。 Your book is on the floor, pick it up, please. (2) appear (vi. 出现) disappear(vi. 消失) （3）bit him on the hand 咬伤了他的手 bit her in the leg 咬伤她的腿 含有“动词+宾语 hit me in the face 打了我的脸 +身体某一部位” hit him on the head 打了他的头 句型 9. a few days earlier 几天前 a few days later 几天后 10. climb out of 从、、、里爬出来 11. stay cool 保持冷静
12. Doctors couldn’t say what was wrong because they didn’t know what kind of snake it was. (注意宾语从句的语序和时态) 13. the next day 第二天
14. suggest doing sth 提议做某事 suggest sth to sb 向某人提出、、、的建议
suggest + that 从句 从句中用动词原形或should+ 动词原形 eg: Daming suggests going home. 大明提议回家。
I suggest a picnic to the class. 我向同学们提议去野餐。
I suggest that we should go to the cinema. 我建议我们去看电影。 15. Would you like to send a text message to me? 给我发个短信息好吗？
16. look for 寻找，侧重于“找”的动作和过程
5
来的一种条件，从句中可以加tomorrow ， next week等时间状语，主句用一般将来时，例如：
If you don’t get up early, you will be late for school. If I play games on it, it will go wrong. 二、重点单词、短语、句子的用法。 1. tell told told
tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 告诉某人某事
tell sb about sth 把关于某事的情况告诉某人 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事
tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做某事 tell sb the truth 告诉某人实情
tell sb a story = tell a story to sb 给某人讲故事
2. Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome our star musician. 3. have a chance to do sth 有机会做某事 by chance 偶然
4. can/could/be able to区别：
can 表示现在具备的一种能力。could表示过去的一种能力，后接动词原形。
be able to 可用于任何时态中，表现在的能力用（am/is/are）able to +动词原形。表示过去的一种能力用（was/were）able to +动词原形。表示将来的能力用will be able to +动词原形。表示已经具备的能力用have/ has been able to do sth
Eg: She could/was able to play the piano at age of four. I don’t think anyone will be able to do that. 5. all together 一起 Let’s sing all together. 6. at the end of （1） 在、、、结束时 （2在、、、的尽头 in the end 最后，终于= at last/ finally eg: I will wait for you at the end of the street. 我会在街道尽头等你。 The book will come out at the end of next month.这本书下个月将出版。 I won the first prize in the end.我终于获得了一等奖。 7. Rather you than me. 你行，我可不行.
Rather A than B 表示“B肯定不会做A将要做的事。”
Eg: ----I’ve got to have two teeth next week.下一周我要拔两颗牙齿 ---- Rather you than me.你行，我可不行。
8. beat/win 区别: beat指打败某人/某对/某个国家，win指赢得某场比赛，后接比赛名词，如：game/competition/match
9. warn sb about/of sth 提醒/警告某人注意某事 warn sb not to do sth 警告某人不要做某事 warn sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
eg: The government warned us of/about the earthquake. 政府提醒了我们要注意地震。
He warned me to keep quiet. 他招呼了我们要保持安静。
We warn them not to play on the road. 我们警告了他们不要在马路上玩耍。
10. too much/too many区别: too much+ 不可数n或too much后不接词，修饰动词，
too many+ 可数n(pl) 意为“太多的、、、”。much too + adj, 意为“很，十分”
Eg: We have too much work to do every day.我们每天有太多的工作要做。 She asked me if I was practicing too much. 她问我是否练习得太多。 There are too many passengers on the train.火车上有太多的人。 The sweater is much too large for me.这毛衣对于我来说很大。
11. That’s a shame/pity. What a shame/pity! It’s a shame/pity. Eg: ---I have lost a chance to win the match. --- ! A. well done B. Good luck C. What a pity D. Congratulations 12. If she goes to a different school, I won’t see my best friend. 13. If she becomes a star, her parents will be proud of her and won’t send her away.
主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时 14. so 与such的区别: so + adj/adv so +adj+ a/an +n(单) so +many/few+n(pl) +that…意思为 so + much/little+ 不可数n “如此、、、以such + a/an + n
such + a/an+adj+n(单)
+ that… 意思为
such+adj+n(pl)/不要数n “如此、、、以致、、、”
eg: You play so well. so beautiful. so beautiful a flower.=such a beautiful flower so many/few flowers. That’s such a pity! She is such a lovely girl that everyone loves her. = She is so lovely a girl that everyone loves her. It is such fine weather that we want to go out for a walk today. 今天的天气如此的好，以致于我们都想去散步。
15. But my father has warned me not to use his computer for playing
games, because he uses it for his job. (1) warn sb not to do sth 警告某人不做某事 warn sb of/ about sth 提醒某人注意某事 (2) use sth to do sth use sth for +n/doing sth 使用某物做某事 16. go wrong 出毛病，出故障 go为系动词，意为变得. Eg: go bad 变坏 17. We copied Da Wei’s game onto the computer. 18. be out 外出 eg: I was out when he called. 19. take off 起飞、脱下、卸掉、拿走、拔 Eg: The plane has taken off.飞机已起飞了。 It’s very hot, please take off your coat.天气很热，请脱下你的大衣。 When we finished playing the computer game, we took it off the computer. 当我们玩完这种游戏之后，我们把它从电脑中拔出来。 20. make sure 的意思是“弄清楚，查明，确保，确认”后面可接介词of或about,也可以跟that从句。 Eg: I will make sure of time and place. I made sure that my teacher wouldn’t choose me. 21. Should I offer to pay? 我应该主动提出赔偿吗? (1) offer sb sth 给某人某物==offer sth to sb Eg: I offered her a beautiful dress. 我给了她一件漂亮的衣服. (2) offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 Eg: She offered to help me with my maths. 她主动提出帮我学数学. 22. You’ve made two mistakes. make a mistake/make mistakes ―犯错误‖ make the s 23. be angry with sb 对某人生气 be angry at/about sth 因某事而生气 be angry to do sth 因为…而生气 eg: He was angry with Lucy because she broke his cup. 他生Lucy的气是因为她打碎了他的杯子. He was angry at/about what she said. 他因她说的话而生气. He was angry to hear that. 他因为听到那件事而生气. 24. at least 至少 at most 至多 at last 最后 Eg: It will take you at least 25 minutes to get there. 25. after all 毕竟 终究 别忘了 Don’t be angry with him.. After all, he is only a child. 26. help (v. n. 帮助) ---- helpful (adj. 有帮助的) help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 help sb out 帮助某人克服困难 with one’s help 在某人的帮助下 6
can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事
27. instead of “代替，而不是”. 后接名词、代词、动名词 instead 单独使用，常用于句末、句中，若用于句中，常用逗号与后句隔开。
eg: I have come instead of my brother. He is ill. 我替我哥来的，他生病了。
I will go instead of you. 我会替你去。 Instead of giving us a hand, he laughed at us. 他不但不帮我们一把，反而嘲笑我们。 Instead of studying, she plays tennis all day. 她成天打网球，而不是学习。
She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. 她成天打网球，而不是学习。
28. 祈使句+or+并列成分 祈使句+and+并列成分 其中or意思为“否则”，前面的祈使句相当于if引导的否定性从句。 Eg：Hurry up, or you’ll be late. 赶快点，否则你会上学迟到。
= If you don’t hurry up, you will be late. 如果你不赶快点，你会上学迟到。 Work hard and you’ll succeed. 努力学习，你就能成功。
If you work hard, you’ll succeed. 如果你努力学习，你就会成功。 29. do well in = be good at 在、、、方面做得好，擅长于 She does well in English but she is weak in maths. 她英语学习得好，但是数学学得差。
30. on one’s way home 在某人回家的路上 on one’s way to school 在某人上学的路上
eg: I met an old friend of mine on my way(back) home. 31. It’s true that…… 的确如此 It’s true that I play a lot of basketball. 32. get sb to do sth = let sb do sth 让某人做某事 How can I get my parents to agree?
33.be proud of sb/sth 以某人/物为骄傲 be proud to +V原 以做某事为骄傲
Modules 6-7
一、重点语法：直接引语和间接引语
（1）概念：直接引用他人的原话，并用引号引起来叫直接引语。转述他人的话，不用引号引起来叫间接引语。引号外的动词叫引述动词。 （2）将直接引语改为间接引语须注意：
A、引导词的选择：直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时用连词that引导；直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时用连词if/whether；直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时用原来的特殊疑问词，主句谓语是said要改成asked.
B、人称的呼应：人称的呼应：直接引语中的第一人称，变为间接引语时随主句的主语变化而变化；直接引语中的第二人称，变为间接引语时，随主句的宾语变化而变化；直接引语中的第三人称，变为间接引语时，
不作变化。即“一主二宾三不变”
C、时态的变化：如果引述动词为过去时的话，从句的时态要推到过去；下面是直接引语与间接引语时态变化对照一览表： 直接引语 间接引语 A、如果转述的是肯定的祈使句，变成间接引语时一般转换为tell sb to do sth或ask sb to do sth这样的结构，根据祈使句所表达的语气可以选择适当的谓语动词。1）一般情况下可以用tell，语气再强的话，可以用order等单词。2）如果直接引语中含有please，间接引语的谓语动词一般用ask。 .这个老师第一次碰到这么难的题。 8. fight for 为了、、、而战 fight against 为反对、、、而战 fight with 同、、、（并肩）战斗
一般现在时 一般过去时 Eg; ―Put your school bag on the desk,‖ Mother said to Jack. 现在进行时 过去进行时 Mother told Jack to put his school bag on the desk. 现在完成时 过去完成时 B、如果转述的是否定的祈使句，要用tell/ask sb not to do sth的结构。 一般将来时 过去将来时 She said to Tony, ―Don’t go close to the bears.‖ 一般过去时 过去完成时 She told Tony not to go close to the bears. 另外：若直接引语表示客观真理时，原来的时态不变，始终用一般现在We said to them: ―Don’t make any noise, please.‖ 时，
We asked them not to make any noise. D、指示代词，时间状语，地点状语及动词的变化。
二、课文中重点词组，句型的用法 This---- that these---- those now---- then today---that day 1. awake adj 醒着的 I was awake all night. 我整个晚上没有合tonight----that night tomorrow--- the next day here---- there 眼。 come---- go bring----take yesterday----the day before
asleep adj 睡着的 He is fast asleep. 他很快就睡着了。 two days ago ----two days before next week---- the next week sleep v 睡觉 He is sleeping on his mother’s bed. E、语序：间接引语（即宾语从句）用陈述语序 主句＋引导词＋ sleepy adj 困乏的，欲睡的 I’m sleepy. I want to go to bed. 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋其他成分。
go to bed v 上床睡觉 例如：1. He said: ―I will do some exercise tomorrow.‖
fall asleep v 入睡 He fell asleep soon after a long journey. He said that he would do some exercise the next day. wake up v 醒来，唤醒，吵醒 Don’t wake up the sleeping 2. ―Do you watch TV every night?‖ He asked Lucy. child. He asked Lucy if/whether she watched TV every night. 2. miss v 想念，思念 She said she missed her parents. 3. He said: ―Are you interested in English?‖ v 错过， 后接n/v-ing I don’t want to miss seeing the He asked me if I was interested in English. film. 4. ―What can I do for you?‖ he asked me. n 女士，小姐 He asked me what he could do for me.
missing 丢失的，不见了的。相当于lost/gone 5. The teacher said: ―The sun rises in the east.‖ My pen is missing/lost/gone. The teacher said that the sun rises in the east. 3. explain sth to sb 向某人解释某事 练习: 1. Tom says: ―I like playing football very much.‖
4. among/between 的区别: among (指三者或三者以上中)在、、、之间 Tom says playing football very much. between 指在两者之间 2. Jim asked: ―Can you mend the computer for me?‖
5. both/all 的区别：“都”的意思，both (两者)都。All（三者或三者以上 Jim asked (me) mend the computer for . 中）都，放在be、系动词、助动词之后，行为动词之前。 3. ―Where does she live?‖ could you me?
My parents are both teachers. Could you tell me . You, he and I are all students 4. ―What time is it, Lucy?‖ Jim asked.
6. in one’s opinion 在某人看来 eg: Jim asked Lucy .
In my opinion, he’s the best teacher in our school. 5. Mrs Styles asked Sally if she could help her. (间接引语改为直接引In his opinion, we’re wrong. 语)
Who, in your opinion, is the best teacher in the world today? Mrs Styles asked Sally: ― .‖ 你们认为当今世界上谁是最好的老师? 6. Tony’s mum told Tony she was busy and she couldn’t take him.
7. face to face(with) 面对面， 面临 sit \\ stand face to face with sb 与某人 Tony’s mum said to Tony: ― busy and ______ _ ___ _ 面对面地站着\\坐着 _________ .‖
Eg: I’d like to talk face to face with you 我想跟你面对面地交谈。 (3) 由直接引语变为间接引语之二：直接引语是祈使句，该怎样转述？
The teacher came face to face with such a difficult problem for the first time
7 9. true to life 反映真实生活的，反映现实的
Eg: The film isn’t true to life. 这部影片不是反映现实生活的。 The characters in this film are not true to life. 10. except ―除、、、之外‖ 表示从整体中除掉部分，相当于but (除了、、、
之外)，可跟名词或that从句
besides 除、、、之外（还有） except for 除、、、之外，表示从整体中除去不好的小细节之外，整体是很好的，两种事物的类比。
I know nothing about the young lady except that she is from Beijing 我除了知道这位年轻女士来自北京之外， 我对她一无所知。 We also have been to the Great Wall besides her. 除了她之外，我们也去过长城。
Your composition is very good except for some spelling mistakes。 除了一些拼写错误之外，你的作文（从总体上来说）是好的。
11. plenty of 既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，相当于lots of 或 a lot of
许多的 many 只能修饰可数名词复数，相当于a number of much 只能修饰不可数名词， 相当于 a great deal of
12 advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 advise sb not to do sth 建议某人不做某事
Module7
1. hardly adv. 意思是“几乎不”，带有否定意义。
adj. (1) 硬的 （2）困难的 ( 相当于difficult )
hard
adv. (1) 努力地 （2）猛烈地 ( 相当于 heavily )
eg: He can hardly hear the traffic in the streets, can he ? 他几乎不能听到街上车辆的声音，是吗？
The bed was so hard that it took me a long time to fall asleep. 这床太硬了，以至于我躺了好一会儿才睡着。 The problem is too hard for me to work it out 这个问题太难了， 我算不出来。
He works hard only before exams.他只在考试前努力学习。
It is raining hard outside. You can’t go out . 外面正下着大雨，你不能出去。
2.traffic “交通，来往的车辆”，不可数名词，eg:
There is a lot of traffic in the busy street. 这条繁忙的街道车辆很多。 3.time off 指的是“（正式规定的） 休假， 放假”day off ―休息日”be off 不上班， 不工作
have /spend/ take some time off 休一段时间的假 on one’s day off 在某人的休息日
If you’re feeling tired, you should take some time off. 你如果觉得累，就应该休一段时间的假 We have seven days off during October. 十月期间我们有七天的假期 4. all over 表示“遍及”， all over the country 全国 all over the world With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Zhao hurried off to look after the man.
(4) 表示关系，意为“ 关于、对于”
There is something wrong with your ears. 你的耳朵有问题。 There is nothing much wrong with you. 你没有多大的问题。 it rains, I will not go fishing.
Do you know when he will come tomorrow? When he comes, please let me know.
<三>while引导的时间状语从句 While意思为“当、、、的时候”，表示主句的动作在从句动作之中发生的，全世界
all over China 全中国
5.whole与 all 的区别：all放在定冠词the 和物主代词之前 ，whole放在定冠词the 和物主代词之后。是比较：
all the time = the whole time 全部时间， 一直 all my life = my whole life 我的一生
6. have a wonderful time 意思是“玩得高兴”， 类似表达还有 have fun / have a good time / enjoy oneself The children had a good time in Beijing last week.
= The children enjoyed themselves in Beijing last week. 另外： have a good time dong sth 做某事很开心
have a hard time doing sth 做某事很不开心
7.be famous for 因、、、而著名 be famous as 作为、、、而著名
China is famous for the Great Wall. Luxun is famous as a great writer. 8. look like 意思是“看起来像”， 形容人的外貌。
A. --- What does he look like? 他长得怎么样? --- He is tall and thin. B It looks like it’s going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。 C. She looks like her mother .她看起来像她的妈妈。 D The twins look the same. 这双胞胎看起来很相像。
9. as if 似乎，好像 eg : He walked past me and said nothing as if he didn’t know me.
他经过我身边，一句话也没说， 好像根本不认识我。 10.hope “希望”， 其常用接法： （1）hope for + n (2) hope to do sth (3) hope+ 从句， 但不能说 hope sb to do sth 结构。 Eg : A. I hope for a lot of money. 我希望有许多钱。
B. My parents hope that I work hard at school. 我的父母希望我在学校努力学习。
C. I hope to have a nice house.我希望能有一座漂亮的房子。 10.“the + 序数词 + 最高级” 这一结构表示“第几最、、、的” eg: Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。 11. put away 把、、、收起来 The teacher asked us to put away our books. 12. with 的用法： （1）“具有、带有、含有、加上”的意思。
I think the mooncakes with nuts inside are delicious.我认为里面有坚果的月饼很好吃。 (2) 意为“跟、、、一道， 和、同、跟” Come with me. 跟我一起来。 (3 )“ 同时， 与、、、同时，随着”
With these words, the tiger jumped into the river. 这只老虎说完这些话，跳进河里了。
(5) 表示手段和工具，意为“用、、、、、、， 以、、、、、，靠、、、”
They needed to climb up the tree with ladders .他们需要用楼梯爬树。 With the money, he bought things for his lab.他用钱购买他实验室所用的东西。
(6) 表示“借助” With the help of the teachers, he caught up with the others.
在老师的帮助下，他赶上了其他的人。
(7)with 相关的短语 A be angry with sb生某人的气 B. agree with sb 同意某人
C. be busy with sth忙于做某事 D. be pleased with 对、、、很满意 E. be strict with sb对某人要求严格F. get on with 与某人相处 ，进展 G. be popular with sb 深受某人喜欢
Module 8
一、重点语法
<一>由when（当、、、的时候）,before（ 在、、、之前）,after（在、、、之后）,not… until（直到、、、才、、、）,as soon as （一、、、就、、、）,while（当、、、的时候）引导的时间状语从句。
特别提醒：在when, before, after, not… until… , as soon as引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来，若主句用一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时。 Eg: （1）我一到那里就给你打电话。 I’ll call you as soon as I arrive there. (2) 他直到做完工作之后才睡觉。He didn’t go to bed until he finished doing his homework.
(3) 等雨停了，我再走。I won’t leave until the rain stops.
(4) 如果明天不下雨，我将去公园. I’ll go to the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
<二>注意if引导宾语从句与引导条件状语从句时态的要求。 注意when引导宾语从句与引导时间状语从句时态的要求。 宾语从句，状语从句混合考时要巧分辨：
(1)看句式，宾语从句只能居主句的谓语动词后，而状语从句可放在主句前也可放在主句之后，(2)看引导词，if作宾语从句的引导词时，与whether同义，意为“是否”，而引导条件状语从句时，意为“如果”；when作宾语从句的引导词时意为“什么时候”，而引导时间状语从句时，意为“当、、、的时候”。（3）看时态，if 和when作连词引导宾语从句时，其谓语动词的时态应看主句谓语动词的时态；if和when作从属连词，引导表示将来动作或状态的条件状语从句或时间状语从句时，主句须用一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表将来。Eg: I don’t know if it will rain tomorrow. If
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while从句常用延续性动词或状态动词且延续性动词常用进行时。
Eg: While we’re staying with them, We’re going to spend a few days in Qingdao.
二、重点短语句型。
1. We only have one day off. 我们只放一天假.
I’m taking a week off over Christmas. 圣诞节期间我们会休假一星期。 2. People all over the world celebrate the New Year. 全世界的人都要庆祝新年。
3. However, not all countries celebrate in the same way. 然而，并不是所有的国家都用同样的方式庆祝.
(1)in the same way 以同样的方式 in different ways 用不同的方式 (2)not all…(all… not) “并非所有的都”为部分否定，完全否定用none Eg: All of us are from England. (改为完全否定句) None of us are from England.
4. It can depend on the seasons, the moon or the sun. 这要取决于季节，月亮或太阳的变化
depend on 意为“依靠、依赖、取决于” eg: 明天我可能去公园，这要取决于天气。
I might go to the park tomorrow – It depends on the weather. 我们必须依靠我们自己. We must depend on ourselves.
5. Just before 12 o’clock, everyone counts down from 10:10, 9.8…. 就在快到12点时，大家从10一起倒计时：10，9，8、、、、、、 Count down 表示“倒数，倒计时”
6. 在as soon as, not… until, when, after, before引导的时间状语从句中，和if引导的条件状语从句中，通常主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时.
Eg: I will tell him the good news as soon as he (come) back. He won’t go to bed until his mother (come) back. What are you going to be when you (grow) up? We’ll go to the park if it (not rain) tomorrow. Answers: comes; comes; grow; doesn’t rain
7. go out for a walk 出去散步 get together聚会、相聚
8. On New Year’s Day, many people make resolutions for the New Year. 在新年节那一天，许多人都许下新年的愿望。 Make a New Year’s resolution 许一个新年愿望。 Make any/ some New Year’s resolutions. Eg: --- Have you made any New Year’s resolutions? --- Yes, I’m going to read more.
Liu Fei has made a New Year’s resolution to stop playing computer games. 9. They write down a list of things. 他们写下一系列事情.
10. help (sb) out 帮助某人解决困难。帮某人的忙。 help sb with sth/ help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事。 Eg: I will help out more at home. 我要在家里多帮忙。
The student helps out in his mum’s shop when he is on holiday. 放假时，那个学生在他妈妈的店里帮忙。
Her parents helped her out with some money when she lost her job. 她失业时，父母给了她一些钱，帮助她渡过难关。 11. I won’t spend so much time playing video games. 我将不再花那么多的时间玩游戏。
注意：spend some time (in) doing sth 花时间做某事 so much time 如此多的时间，注意用so，而不用such. 12. It’s (a) time to say goodbye to the old year, and to welcome the new. 该是辞旧迎新的时候了。
It’s (a) time to do sth 是该做某事的时候了。
Eg: It’s time to get up, or you’ll be late. 是该起床的时候了，否则你会迟到。
say goodbye to 向、、、告别 say hello to 向、、、问候 say sorry to sb 向某人道歉
say Happy New Year to sb 向某人说“新年快乐” 其中to 为介词，后接代词宾格如:me,us,them,him,you,her,it.或名词 13.promise to do sth 保证做某事 promise not to do sth 保证不做某事 Modules 9---10
一、语法：1、原因状语从句（由because引导），2、目的状语从句（由so that引导） 3、结果状语从句（由so引导） 4、表示程度结果的状语从句（由so… that） 5、让步状语从句（由although连接）
Eg: He didn’t come to the evening party because he was ill. 他因为有病，没有参加晚会。
She dressed like a man so that she could join the army. 她女扮男装，为的是能够参军。
I got up early so that I could get to school on time. 我很早就起床了，以便能按时到校。
He worked too hard so he fell ill again. 他工作太辛苦了，所以又病倒了。 Although she wants to go to Paris, she doesn’t want to fly. 虽然她想去巴黎，但是她不想坐飞机。 注意：although与but在英语中不能同时连用，在句中，或者用although,或者用but. He was so excited that he couldn’t go to sleep that night. 那天晚上他是如此的兴奋，以致于他睡不着觉。
He got up so late that he missed the train. 他起得如此的晚以致于他错过了火车。
(二)would 表“想象”用法。
人们常常会幻想，比如想象自己在未来可能会做什么，那么，我们的这种想象该如何表达呢？方式之一就是用would.
Eg: I’d fly to England to see my friends this summer holiday. 今年暑假我想飞到英国去看望我的朋友。
I would have two wings and then fly to the moon. 我想有一对翅膀飞到月亮上去。
I’d receive a lot of presents on my birthday. 我想生日时收到许多礼物。 三、重点短语，句型。
1． hero —— heroes(pl) eg: They saved us. They are heroes (hero). 2. Sally is really good at the violin. Sally真的很擅长小提琴。 be good at 意思是“擅长于、、、”，可与do well in “在某方面做得好”互换。
(1) She is better at English than me. = He does better in English than me.. (2) He is good at playing basketball. = He does well in playing basketball. 3. look forward to + n/v-ing 期待、盼望
Eg: I’m looking forward to receiving her letter. I’m looking forward to our holiday.
4. The last piece is coming up. 最后一首曲子马上就要开始了。 come up: 出现，发生 5. She missed the final practice so that Kylie could play this piece of music on her own. 她没参加最后排练，以便Kylie能独自演奏这首曲子。
on one’s own 独自 eg: 孩子们独立地完成了他们的家庭作业。 The children finished their homework on their own. 6. That was only an excuse. 那只是一个借口。
7. I imagine that she did it so that kylie could avoid problems with her parents.
我猜想她这样做，目的是kylie能避免她父母亲产生矛盾。 avoid + n/v-ing ―避免做某事‖ 8. It was very brave of her. 试比较It’s + 形容词+ of sb +to do sth ―某人做某事怎么样‖其中，形容词修饰的是sb. 说明这个人怎么样。
Eg: It’s nice of you to help me with my English. 而It’s +形容词+ for sb +to do sth ―做某事对于某人来说怎么样‖，其中形容词修饰的是后面to do sth. Eg: It’s very important for us to learn English well.
对于我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。
9. How does Sally feel about playing on her own? 萨利对于自己独立演出感觉怎样？
10. what do you think of…? = How do you like…? 你觉得、、、怎么样？ 11. Their teacher asked Kylie what was wrong with sally. 他们的老师问Kylie，萨利怎么啦。
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12. It was a very kind thought. 这是一个很善解人意的想法。
13. 老师要求他重写作文。The teacher asked him to rewrite the composition.
14. 我打赌Sally 会获胜。I bet Sally wins.
15. Norman Bethune is one of China’s most famous heroes. 16. He gave his life to helping the Chinese people. give one’s life to +n/v-ing ―捐躯、献身‖ eg: 许多英雄为他们的祖国献出生命。
A lot of heroes gave their lives to their country.
17. Dr Bethune worked very hard without stopping to rest. 其中without为介词，意思是“没有”后接v-ing或n. Eg: He hurried to school without having breakfast. stop to do sth 表示“停下来去做另外一件事” stop doing sth 表示“停止正在做的事情。”
18. Once, he performed operations for 69 hours without stopping. perform operations on sb = operate on sb 给某人做手术. Eg: The doctor operated on the patient last Sunday. 上个星期天医生给这个病人做了手术。
19. He continued working in spite of cutting his hand during an operation. 尽管在做手术过程中割伤了手，但他仍然继续工作。 in spite of +n/v-ing 意为“尽管、虽然”
eg: We must get there on time in spite of the wind and rain. 尽管刮风下雨，我们也必须准时到达那里。
20. In the end, he died because he did not stop to take care of his hand. 最后，由于他没有停下来去医治自己的手而牺牲了。 in the end 表示“最后”== finally/at last 21. Stay in touch! 保持联系. Eg: Our neighbors are moving away, but I hope that we’ll still keep/ stay in touch with each other. 我们的邻居要搬走了，不过我希望我们仍然会保持联系。 lose touch 表示“失去联系”
Linda has lost touch with most of her friends from primary school. 琳达与小学时的大部分朋友已经失去了联系。
22. I can fill an empty stomach with tomato and egg soup, but that’s all. fill… with 表示“用、、、填/充满”
eg: Please fill this cup with some sugar. 请往这个杯子里加点糖。 be filled with = be full of 充满、装满，表状态. The cup is filled with water. == The cup is full of water.
23. not… at all 表示“一点也不”eg: I don’t enjoy the tomato soup at all. Many teenagers know little about cooking at all. 24. see off 表示“给、、、送行” eg: I went to the airport to see him off. 25. belong to sb表示“属于某人，归某人所有” Tai Wan Island belongs to China forever. 26. go to college 上大学
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