职称英语综合类B级-53 (总分100,考试时间90分钟)
第1部分:词汇选项
1. It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy. A. ** B. taking C. discussing D. expecting
2. The room was furnished with the simplest essentials, a bed, a chair, and a table. A. supplied B. gathered C. grasped D. made
3. Enamel, the hardest substance in a human being's body, covers the entire crown of the tooth. A. whole B. inseparable C. superficial D. main
4. I catch cold now and then.
A. always B. occasionally C. constantly D. regularly
5. The policemen acted quickly because lives were at stake.
A. in danger B. in difficulty C. in despair D. out of control
6. The article sketched the major events of the decade.
A.described B.offered C.outlined D.presented
7. The little boy was sad because he had made a big mistake.
A. large B. serious C. good D. bad
8. Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing
A. waste B. buy C. use D. sell
9. The Americans recognize that the UN can be the channel for greater diplomatic activity. A. place B. medium C. resort D. tunnel
10. Many forms of cancer can be cured if detected early A. selected B. operated C. developed D. discovered
11. The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident. A. secrets B. details C. benefits D. words
12. He was persuaded to give up the idea. A. mention B. accept C. consider D. drop
13. The plane will be taking off in approximately 10 minutes.
A. about B. possibly C. probably D. rarely
14. Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day. A.physical B.energetic C.regular D.free
15. Why can't you stop your **plaining?
A. long B. everlasting C. temporary D. boring
第2部分:阅读判断
On British Newspapers
Besides the daily newspapers, there are a number of Sunday newspapers in Britain. Many of them are connected with the \"dailies\Sunday papers are larger than the daily papers and usually contain more articles concerned **ment (评论) and general information rather than news. The national daily and Sunday papers have the largest circulation(发行) in the world. Of the Sunday papers, the Observer and the Sunday Times are the best known.
It is a regrettable fact that the number of magazines of a literary or political nature has dropped down since the war. This has probably been caused by the ever-wider use of radio and television. The most successful magazines are those published for women. Their covers are designed to catch the eye, and they certainly succeed in doing so! They offer their readers articles on cookery (烹饪法), fashion, needlework, and many other matters of women interest. They also provide advice to those in love, and adventures with handsome heroes. Some women's magazines also include serious articles of more general interest.
The visitor who looks at the magazines displayed in a large bookstall (书摊) which may be found in an important railway station will notice that there is a wide variety of technical or semitechnical(半专业的) books and magazines. There are magazines for the motorist, the farmer, the gardener, the nurse, and many others.
There are many local and regional newspapers. It is common in Britain for a news agent(报刊经售人) to deliver (投递) the morning papers to his customers for a small extra payment, this service is usually performed by boys and girls who want to earn some pocket-money.
16. Some Sunday newspapers may belong to the same **pany but are not edited by the same group of people.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
17. It is obvious that daily newspapers carry more information than the Sunday papers. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
18. The Observer carries more political articles than The Sunday Times. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
19. The most successful magazines in Britain are those published for women. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 20. In Britain men do not like reading magazines.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 21. Bookstalls only sell technical or semi-technical magazines. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
22. Many boys and girls deliver morning newspapers to make some pocket-money. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
第3部分:概括大意与完成句子
A. Reason for naming hurricanes
B. Warning of an approaching hurricane C. Deadly women
D. History of naming hurricanes
E. Organization responsible for naming hurricanes F. Ways to track hurricanes
23. Paragraph 1______ 24. Paragraph 2______ 25. Paragraph 3______ 26. Paragraph 4______ A make new materials
B preserve wetland and animals C have clean air D have clean water E collect cigarette butts F collect disposed oil
27. Joying placed the buckets at all public-access areas to ______. 28. People are grateful to Carter Dunham for his efforts to ______. 29. Disposed oil and many other items can be reused to ______.
30. Ryan, with the help of others, is fulfilling his dream of help African people to ______.
第4部分:阅读理解
第一篇
Going Her Own Way
When she was twelve, Maria made her first important decision about the course of her life. She decided that she wanted to continue her education, Most girls from middle-class families chose to stay home after primary school,though some attended private Catholic \"finishing\" schools. There they learned a little about music,art,needlework,and how to make polite conversation. This was not the sort of education that interested Maria—or her mother. By this time,she had begun to take her studies more seriously. She read constantly and brought her books everywhere. One time she even brought her math book to the theater and tried to study in the dark. Maria knew that she wanted to go on learning in a serious way. That meant attending the public high school,something that very few girls did. In Italy at the time,there were two types of
high schools: the \"classical\" schools and the \"technical\" schools. In the classical schools,the students followed a very traditional program of studies,with courses in Latin and Greek language and literature,and Italian literature and history1. The few girls who continued studying after primary school usually chose these schools.
Maria,however,wanted to attend a technical school. The technical schools were more modem than the classical schools and they offered courses in modern languages,mathematics,science,and accounting2.Most people—including Maria's father—believed that girls would never be able to understand these subjects. Furthermore,they did not think it was proper for girls to study them. Maria did not care if it was proper or not. Math and science were the subjects that interested her most. But before she could sign up for the technical school,she had to win her father' sapproval. She finally did,with her mother's help,though for many years after,there was tension in the family. Maria's father continued to oppose her plans,while her mother helped her.
In 1883,at age thirteen,Maria entered the \"Regia Scuola Tecnica Michelangelo Buonarroti\" in Rome. Her experience at this school is difficult for us to imagine. Though the courses included modern subjects,the teaching methods were very traditional. Learning consisted of memorizing long lists of facts and repeating them back to the teacher. Students were not supposed to ask questions or think for themselves in any way. Teachers were very demanding,discipline in the classroom was strict,and punishment was severe for those who failed to achieve or were disobedient.
31. Maria wanted to attend ________. A. private “finishing” school B. school with Latin and Greek C. technical high school D. school for art and music
32. In those days, most Italian girls ________. A. went to classical schools B. went to “finishing” schools C. did not go to high school D. went to technical schools
33. Maria’s father probably ________. A. had very modern views about women B. had very traditional views about women C. had no opinion about women
D. thought women could not learn Latin
34. High school teachers in Italy In those days were ________. A. very modern B. very intelligent C. quite scientific D. quite strict
35. We can infer from this passage that ________. A. girls usually attended private primary schools B. only girls attended classical schools
C. girls did not like going to school D. Maria was a girl of strong will
第二篇
Easy Death
In ancient Greek, the term euthanatos meant \"easy death\". Today euthanasia (安乐死) generally refers to mercy killing, the voluntary (自愿) ending of the life of someone who is terminally ill. Like abortion, euthanasia has become a legal, medical, and moral issue over which opinion is divided.
Euthanasia can be either active or passive. Active euthanasia means that a physician or other medical personnel takes an action that will result in death, such as giving an overdose of deadly medicine. Passive euthanasia means letting a patient die for lack of treatment, or stopping the treatment that has begun. Examples of passive euthanasia include taking patients off a breathing machine or removing other life-support systems. Stopping the food supply is also considered passive.
A good deal of the debate about mercy killing originates from the decision-making process. Who decides whether a patient is to die? This issue has not been solved legally in the United States. The matter is left to state law, which usually allows the physician in charge to suggest the option of death to a patient's relatives, especially if the patient is brain dead. In an attempt to make decisions about when their own lives should end, several terminally ill patients in the early 1990s used a controversial suicide device, developed by Dr. Jack Kevorkian, to end their lives.
In parts of Europe, the decision-making process has become very flexible. Even in cases where the patients are not brain dead, patients have been put to death without their approval at the request of relatives or at the suggestion of physicians. Many cases of passive euthanasia involve old people or newborn infants. The principle justifying this practice is that such individuals have a \"life not worthy of life\".
In countries where passive euthanasia is not legal, the court systems have proved very tolerant in dealing with medical personnel who practice it. In Japan, for example, if physicians follow certain guidelines they may actively carry out mercy killings on hopelessly ill people. Courts have also been somewhat tolerant of friends or relatives who have assisted terminally ill patients to die.
36. A terminally ill patient is one who______.
A. gets worse every day B. can never get well again C. is very seriously ill in the end D. is too ill to want to live on 37. The difference between active and passive euthanasia is whether______. A. there is an action that speeds up the death of the patient B. the breathing machine is taken off the patient C. an overdose of deadly medicine is used
D. the patient is denied food supply
38. According to the passage, who has/have the legal responsibility to decide on euthanasia? A. The national or state government. B. The patient's relatives.
C. Physicians in charge of the patient. D. The answer varies from country to country. 39. The principle justifying passive euthanasia in Europe is that terminally ill patients are______. A. living a life without consciousness
B. living a life that can hardly be called life C. too old or too weak to live on
D. too old or too young to approve of euthanasia
40. The attitude of the writer toward euthanasia is______.
A. negative B. positive C. objective D. casual
第三篇
Eating Meat--Less or More?
Every second in the United States alone, more than 250 animals are slaughtered for food, adding up to more than 8 billion animals each year. Reducing the amount of meat in one's diet is nutritionally, environmentally, and ethically beneficial.
People who eat meat usually have weaker immune **pared to those of vegetarians. Meat has been directly linked to diabetes, obesity, arthritis, and many other illnesses. Furthermore, meat-eaters are at a higher risk for diseases, including cancer, and they are more likely to die from these diseases. Critics say that a meatless diet does not provide enough nutrients, especially protein and iron. Actually, according to A Teen's Guide to Going Vegetarian, by Judy Krizmanic, protein is found in almost every food, and iron appears in many vegetables. Getting enough nutrients in a meat-reduced diet should not be difficult. A 1988study found that some of the highest pesticide residues appear in meat and eggs. Diets including more fruits and vegetables will only make people healthier.
Some skeptics believe that there will he a shortage of food if animals are not eaten. In fact, the opposite is true. More than 80% of the corn and 95% of the oats grown in the U. S. are fed to livestock. The world's cattle alone consume enough food to equal the caloric needs of 8.7 billion people, more than the entire human population. One half of the water used in the Unites States also goes to livestock; 2,50 gallons of water produces only 1 lb. of beef. If people eat less meat and more plants, the amount of available food will increase.
Many people become vegetarians because they feel that eating animals is unethical. 90 of these animals are raised in confinement. Chickens and other birds have only about half a square foot of space each, and since they are raised so close together, a lot blade is used to cut off their beaks to prevent them from pecking each other to death. Likewise, pigs that are repressed will bite each other's tails, so both their teeth and tails are removed as soon as they are born.
Eating animals is hazardous in numerous ways. Even a slight reduction in meat intake is better than nothing at all. Consuming less meat is beneficial to the health of animals, the health of people, and to the health of the world.
41. Why do some people become vegetarians?______ A.They feel that eating animals is unethical.
B.There are fewer livestock available due to the environmental pollution. C.The consumption of meat will lead to financial problem. D.Being a vegetarian is beneficial to the protection of water.
42. Which of the following statements is true according to the book A Teen's Guide to Going Vegetarian?______
A.Some of the highest pesticide residues appear in meat and eggs. B.A meatless diet does not provide enough nutrients. C.Protein can be found in almost every food.
D.More than 80% of the corn in the U.S. are fed to livestock.
43. Why does the author say reducing the amount of meat in one's diet is environmentally beneficial?______
A.People who eat meat usually have weaker immune **pared to those of vege- tarians. B.A lot of food and water are consumed in order to raise livestock. C.90% of animals are raised in confinement.
D.Raising Animals causes most of the destruction of the nature. 44. What is the attitude the author has toward eating meat?______ A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Indifferent.
D.None of the above.
45. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?______ A.The Advantage of Eating Less Meat. B.Why People Become Vegetarian?
C.Environmental Protection and Meatless Diet. D.Save Chickens, Save Birds.
第5部分:补全短文
\"Happy Birthday to You\"
The main problem in discussing American popular culture is also one of its main characteristics: it won't stay American. No matter what it is, whether it is films, food and fashion, music, casual sports or slang, it's soon at home elsewhere in the world. There are several theories why American popular culture has had this appeal.
One theory is that it has been \"advertised\" and marketed through American films, popular music, and more recently, television. (46) They are, after all, in competition with those produced by other countries.
Another theory, probably **mon one, is that American popular culture is internationally associated with something called \"the spirit of America.\" (47)
The final theory is **plex: American popular culture is popular because a lot of people in the
world like it.
Regardless of why it spreads, American popular culture is usually quite rapidly adopted and then adapted in many other countries. (48) \"Happy Birthday to You,\" for instance, is such an everyday song that its source, its American copyright, so to speak, is not remembered. Black leather jackets worn by many heroes in American movies could be found, a generation later, on all those young men who wanted to make this manly-look their own.
Two areas where this continuing process is most clearly seen are clothing and music. Some people can still remember a time when T-shirts, jogging clothes, tennis shoes, denim jackets, and blue jeans were **mon daily wear everywhere. Only twenty years ago, it was possible to spot an American in Paris by his or her clothes. No longer so: those bright colors, checkered jackets and trousers, hats and socks which were once made fun of in cartoons are back again in Pads as the latest fashion. (49)
The situation with American popular music is **plex because in the beginning, when it was still clearly American, it was often strongly resisted. Jazz was once thought to be a great danger to youth and their morals, and was actually outlawed in several countries. Today, while still showing its rather American roots, it has become so well established. Rock 'n' roll and all its variations, country & western music,4 all have more or less similar histories. They were first resisted, often in America as well, as being \"low-class,\" and then as \"a danger to our nation's youth.\" (50) And then the music became accepted and was extended and developed, and exported back to the US. A As a result, its American origins and roots are often quickly forgotten.
B But this theory fails to explain why American films, music, and television programs are so popular in themselves.
C American in origin, informal clothing has become the world's first truly universal style. D The BBC, for example, banned rock and roll until 1962. E American food has become popular around the world too.
F This spirit is variously described as being young and free, optimistic and confident, informal and disrespectful. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.
第6部分:完形填空
Supermarket's New Strategy
One supermarket in Tokyo has managed to solve the problems of shoplifting, mistakes by cashiers, and long lines of customers waiting at the cash registers. It is Japan's **puter technology that **e (51) with the answers.
Shoppers at an OK supermarket on the outskirts of the city now push a cart (52) a plastic
card chained to it and buy from glass cases where the goods are on display. The plastic card has a magnetic number imprinted on it. Each customer carries his or her own card, which is (53) at the exit. While shopping, the customer pushes the card into a slot beside whichever items are wanted and pushes a button or two. The glass covered vending machines are connected to a computer that (54) the price of every item in the store. Prices of every purchase are added up automatically. (55) she has finished shopping, the customer hands her card to a cashier who (56) it into the register. A second later the (57) pops out.
Shoplifting is physically impossible. Once you touch a commodity **puter remembers it no matter how you hide it or (58) you eat it on the spot.
A cashier at the OK supermarket is now able to work 15 times faster than her (59) at a conventional supermarket. Only two cashiers, (60) , are required at the store, which (61) 2,500 separate items. One man is enough to keep the vending machine filled, because whenever the stock for a **modity is (62) to run out, a red lamp in **puter-room (63) him.
But there are disadvantages too: a customer cannot (64) his or her mind about a purchase. Once touched, the item cannot be put back. The customer must (65) a cashier with it first and get a refund later. There are also no fresh vegetables or fish on sale—everything is prepackaged.
51. A.together B.up C.along D.on 52. A.with B.without C.carrying D.under 53. A.collected B.filled C.sent D.shown 54. A.shouts B.raises C.knows D.puts 55. A.Before B.Immediately C.After all D.When 56. A.opens B.feeds C.reads D.connects 57. A.cash B.money C.change D.total 58. A.before B.when C.even if D.while
59. A.friend B.colleague C.company D.neighbor 60. A.for instance B.still C.later D.however 61. A.loses B.needs C.sells D.deals 62. A.sure B.about C.bound D.ready 63. A.warns B.sees C.watches D.protects 64. A.turn B.make up C.set D.change
65. A.go about B.go over C.go for D.go through
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