安装管道及管道元件（附件），我们应按以下几个方面进行准备和操作： （一）安装前准备 (1)管材．阀门验收
A 管道所用的钢管、管件、管道附件及阀门必须具有制造厂的合格证明书，有关技术指标应符合现行国家或行业技术标准。
B 钢管、管件、管道附件及阀到货后应该对其规格、型号数量、材质及技术参数与产品质量证明书和设计图纸是否相符，并进行标识。
C钢管、阀门使用前，应进行如下外观检查:
无裂纹、缩孔、夹渣、粘砂、折痕、漏焊、重皮等缺陷； 表面光滑，不允许有尖锐划痕；
凹陷深度不得超过1.5mm，凹陷最大尺寸不应大于管子周长的5%，且不大于40mm。 E检验合格的钢管应按材质、规格、型号分类放置，妥善保管，防止锈蚀。 (2)管件检验
A 法兰密封面应光洁，不得有径向沟槽、气孔、裂纹、毛刺或其它降低强度和联接可靠性的缺陷。 B带有凹凸面或凹凸环的法兰应自然嵌合，凸面的高度不小于凹槽的深度。
C 法兰端面上连接螺栓的支承部位应与法兰接合面平行，以保证法兰连接时端面受力均匀。 D 法兰安装前，应按设计校核各部尺寸，并与所安设备上的法兰进行核对。确保准确无误。
E螺栓及螺母的外观检查为：螺纹应完整，无伤痕、毛刺等缺陷，螺栓与螺母应配合良好，无松动或涉卡现象。
（二）管子切割
管子切割使用方法：第一种方法是机械切割法，第二种方法是火焰（氧-乙炔焰）切割法。
镀锌钢管和公称直径小于或等于50mm的中、低压碳素钢管，一般应用机械法切割。常用机械是砂轮切割机。较大钢管采用火焰切割，之后对切口进行除氧化层处理。 铸铁管用钢锯、钢铲或月牙挤刀切割。 管子切口质量应符合下列要求：
切口表面平整，不得有裂纹、重皮、毛刺、凸凹、缩口、熔渣、氧化、铁屑等。 切口平面倾斜偏差差为管子直径的1%，但不得大于3mm。
（三）弯管制作
⑴管子宜采用冷弯，严禁采用充砂热煨弯制。
⑵直径小于或等于50mm的钢管要用手动液压弯管机弯制，直径大于50mm宜用弯头代替。 ⑶弯管机的胎具应与管子外径相同，其内槽深度应大于管子半径。
⑷弯制的角度应作好样板控制，冷弯管都有反弹现象，检查时应松开压力，在自由状态下检查。 ⑸弯管的最小弯曲半径应不小于管子外径的3倍，管子工作压力高，弯曲半径宜大。 ⑹弯制有缝管子时，应使焊缝位于弯曲方向的侧面。 ⑺管子弯制后椭圆率（最大外径－最小外径
最大外径 ×100%）应不超过8%； 5.2.2管子的组对
⑴管子组对间隙应符合表三的规定。
⑵组对时要保证两根管子焊接在一条直线上，并留有一定间隙。 ⑶管子、管件对口时应做到内壁平齐，内壁错边量应符合下列要求：
evelopment work steadily in the pilot counties, to build peace neighborhood offices approved, \"change\n and rural communities (Center), immigrant communities, pilot projects such as integrated management of urban and rural sanitation in order. (D) maintain social harmony and stability. In the case of tight financial situation, continue to increase the input of people, happy people battle. Urban central heating and upgrade rural power grids, rural reconstruction of shabby housing ten major projects being delivered, has been overfulfilled ahead. Strengthening of social programs, college entrance examination to record heights; new rural insurance coverage rate of the city's first, launched in new rural cooperative medical clinic co-ordination; ... Perfect Park catering, accommodation, education, recreation and other tertiary industries supporting, improving socialization service level, for industries, businesses and create a good environment for development. 3, flexible investment, enhancethe industry. Construction of industrial parks, just set up a platform for the development of only attract more projects into the district, to form agglomeration advantages. A innovation project. To be purposeful, targeted investment, will have a basis of the County's industrial packaged bundles, overall publicity and promotion. Initiative going, please come in and carry out all-round, multi-level and wide-range of investment activities. The ownship industrial projects, in principle, to put to the West industrial parks. What town project, is that the output value of the Township. Second, we must grasp the standards selected items. Full account of extend the industry chain and the integration of factors of production, not only efforts to introduce a number of scientific and technological content and high added value, growth and strong driving force of large projects and large enterprises, but also on domestic-funded enterprises and in accordance with the direction of industrial development of smalland medium projects, project man, small project overwhelming. Meet the area of the County's new industrial projects and city back into rural enterprises, in principle, all stationed in industrial parks. Meanwhile, strict control of excess capacity and high energy consumption, high emission enterprises to enter. Thirdly, increased incentives on the project. Investment of the whole society, the Township and County units go out and draft project. To establish investment incentives for successful introduction of significant project gives awards to units and individuals, the introduction of tax for the implementation of the project, to introduce organization into rewards. 4, preferential policies, and security industries. In terms of project examination and approval, by area Administrative Committee in conjunction with the development, planning, land, industry and commerce, quality control and other departments, \"one-stop reception, one-stop service\d procedures, the time limit originally. In the management of EIA in accordance with theBuilding industry opens up new world of entrepreneurial struggle to build a three provinces of regional central cities--in the Communist x counties the six plenary session members and comrades: today, I was commissioned by the County party Committee Standing Committee, reports to the General Assembly. Consideration of all members and alternates, and comrades attending advice. A, and this year yilai of work recalled this year yilai, in municipal of right led Xia, County solidarity led County people, to science development views for guide, to good activities for mainline, according to \"a city four modernizations three more\" of development thought, concentrated poly force, work hard, political, and economic, and culture, and social and party of construction are made has new progress, County rendering out wind fresh are, and career prosperity, and social settled, and people mind into of good situation. (A) facilitating the construction of the project. Firmly establish the \"scratch project is economic, grasping development project is to hold\" philosophy, to extraordinary efforts to promoting the construction of key projects. Plot 108 key projects for the year, with a total investment of 29.3 billion yuan, iron plate, Josh stone cement waste heat power generation and 13 projects completed, worship of 1.2 million tons of pellets, Hua Yu 80,000 sets of grandparent chicken farming, 47 projects under construction, completed investment of 3.95 billion yuan, annual plan of 69.3%. The first half of the County's gross domestic product is expected to reached 8.5 billion yuan, and total revenue of 943 million Yuan. (B) structural adjustment achieved remarkable results. Actively transforming the pattern of economic development, industrial ecology, and agricultural modernization and industrialization of services. High x-County • Tin iron circular economy demonstration area, and further expand economic development zone Jing Dian recycle economy ecology industry Park, Park, circulareconomy and rapid economic development. Focus more on the dialectical relationship between development and environmental protection, energy saving and emission reduction projects play an important role. Vigorously developing agriculture, ecological agriculture, agriculture, modern agricultural clearing along the River Promenade begins to take shape. Key tourism projects is going well, WA Palace area was named \"top ten most influential cultural relics in Hebei province landscape\". Develop new services, and services with new developments. (C) urban-rural integration process. Promoting \"three-year difference\" campaign, battle of two large demolition completed 32 days of 530,000 square meters, exceeded the annual Tsk 7 months in advance. General big building jiangjun road, bridge and highway bridges, the green heart of the city and other urban construction projects, and focus on building new countryside and new housing model villages, urban and rural areas improve. Highwayopened to traffic, Liu Zhang, Qing LAN high-speed x-County section completed by the end of August. Urban and rurala、Ⅰ、Ⅱ级焊缝不应超过壁厚的10%，且不大于1mm。 b、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级焊缝不应超过壁厚20%。且不大于2mm。
⑷组对好的钢管，应先点焊固定，点固采用三点点焊法，每次点焊长度一般为10~15mm，高度为2~4mm，且不超过管壁厚度的2/3。点固焊的工艺措施及焊接材料应与正式焊接一致。
⑸装配法兰时应使法兰平面垂直于管子的轴线，其误差不应超过1mm。两法兰接合面要求平行，其误差不应超过0.5mm（见图3）。
⑹管子不得强力对口，对口附近宽度20~30mm范围内外管壁应将油、水、漆、锈及毛刺等清除干净。 5.2.3管道的焊接
⑴工作压力等于和大于6.3Mpa的管道，对口焊缝不得低于Ⅱ级焊缝标准；工作压力低于6.3Mpa的管道对口焊缝不得低于Ⅲ级焊缝标准。
⑵焊工应按有关规定进行考试，取得所施焊范围的合格证书后，方能参加本施工施焊范围的焊接工作。 ⑶所有焊接材料应具有合格证，焊条应按有关范围要求烘干，焊条药皮应无脱落和显著裂纹。焊丝应脱脂、除锈（或除去氧化膜）。
⑷管道焊接根据设计要求焊接（电焊或氩弧焊）
⑸管道的环形焊缝距离弯管的弯曲起点不应小于200mm，直线管段两相邻环缝的距离不应小于150mm。 ⑹每焊完一层必须用锤子或钢丝刷将熔渣及氧化物、飞溅物清除干净。若发现有气孔，裂纹、夹渣等缺陷，应将缺陷部位铲除，重新补焊后，方可焊下一层。各层的引弧点与熄弧点应错开。
⑺每道焊缝应一次连续焊完。若因故被迫中断，应根据工艺要求采取措施防止裂纹，再焊前必须检查，确认无裂纹后，方可按原工艺要求继续施焊。
⑻焊接完毕，应将焊缝表面溶渣，飞溅清理干净，并打上焊工代号。 5.2.4管道焊接质量的检查
⑴焊接后必须对焊缝进行外观检查，焊缝宽度以每边超过坡口边缘2mm为宜。
⑵角焊缝的焊脚高度应符合设计规定，其外形平缓过渡，表面不得有裂纹、气孔、夹渣等缺陷，咬肉深度不得大于0.5mm。
⑶只有外观检查合格的焊缝，按下列比例抽查进行射线探伤。
a输送剧毒流体的管道；输送设计压力大于等于10MPa或设计压力大于等于4MPa，且温度大于等于400℃的可燃流体，有毒流体的管道；输送设计压力大于等于10 MPa，且设计温度大于等于400℃的非可燃流体，无毒流体的管道；设计温度小于－29℃的低温管道；设计文件要求进行100％射线照相检验的其他管道。 b.输送设计压力小于等于1MPa且设计温度小于400℃的非可燃流体管道，无毒流体管道的焊缝，可不进行射线照相检验；其他管道应进行抽样射线照相检验，抽查比例不得低于5％。
⑷焊缝按比例抽查不合格者，应加倍抽查，仍不合格，（按GB50235-97中7.4.7执行）
⑸焊缝不合格的允许返修，焊缝的返修应有工艺措施；同一焊缝的返修次数；碳素钢管允许返修3次；合金钢管返修不得超过2次。
（五）管道安装 (1)安装应具备的条件
与管道有关的土建工程经检查合格，满足安装要求。 与管道连接的设备找正合格，固定完毕。 阀门等已经检验合格，并具备有关的技术证件。 管道组件及管道支承件已检验合格。
管子管件及阀门等已按设计要求核对无误，内部清理干净，不存杂物。 （2）安装放线
evelopment work steadily in the pilot counties, to build peace neighborhood offices approved, \"change\n and rural communities (Center), immigrant communities, pilot projects such as integrated management of urban and rural sanitation in order. (D) maintain social harmony and stability. In the case of tight financial situation, continue to increase the input of people, happy people battle. Urban central heating and upgrade rural power grids, rural reconstruction of shabby housing ten major projects being delivered, has been overfulfilled ahead. Strengthening of social programs, college entrance examination to record heights; new rural insurance coverage rate of the city's first, launched in new rural cooperative medical clinic co-ordination; ... Perfect Park catering, accommodation, education, recreation and other tertiary industries supporting, improving socialization service level, for industries, businesses and create a good environment for development. 3, flexible investment, enhancethe industry. Construction of industrial parks, just set up a platform for the development of only attract more projects into the district, to form agglomeration advantages. A innovation project. To be purposeful, targeted investment, will have a basis of the County's industrial packaged bundles, overall publicity and promotion. Initiative going, please come in and carry out all-round, multi-level and wide-range of investment activities. The ownship industrial projects, in principle, to put to the West industrial parks. What town project, is that the output value of the Township. Second, we must grasp the standards selected items. Full account of extend the industry chain and the integration of factors of production, not only efforts to introduce a number of scientific and technological content and high added value, growth and strong driving force of large projects and large enterprises, but also on domestic-funded enterprises and in accordance with the direction of industrial development of smalland medium projects, project man, small project overwhelming. Meet the area of the County's new industrial projects and city back into rural enterprises, in principle, all stationed in industrial parks. Meanwhile, strict control of excess capacity and high energy consumption, high emission enterprises to enter. Thirdly, increased incentives on the project. Investment of the whole society, the Township and County units go out and draft project. To establish investment incentives for successful introduction of significant project gives awards to units and individuals, the introduction of tax for the implementation of the project, to introduce organization into rewards. 4, preferential policies, and security industries. In terms of project examination and approval, by area Administrative Committee in conjunction with the development, planning, land, industry and commerce, quality control and other departments, \"one-stop reception, one-stop service\d procedures, the time limit originally. In the management of EIA in accordance with theBuilding industry opens up new world of entrepreneurial struggle to build a three provinces of regional central cities--in the Communist x counties the six plenary session members and comrades: today, I was commissioned by the County party Committee Standing Committee, reports to the General Assembly. Consideration of all members and alternates, and comrades attending advice. A, and this year yilai of work recalled this year yilai, in municipal of right led Xia, County solidarity led County people, to science development views for guide, to good activities for mainline, according to \"a city four modernizations three more\" of development thought, concentrated poly force, work hard, political, and economic, and culture, and social and party of construction are made has new progress, County rendering out wind fresh are, and career prosperity, and social settled, and people mind into of good situation. (A) facilitating the construction of the project. Firmly establish the \"scratch project is economic, grasping development project is to hold\" philosophy, to extraordinary efforts to promoting the construction of key projects. Plot 108 key projects for the year, with a total investment of 29.3 billion yuan, iron plate, Josh stone cement waste heat power generation and 13 projects completed, worship of 1.2 million tons of pellets, Hua Yu 80,000 sets of grandparent chicken farming, 47 projects under construction, completed investment of 3.95 billion yuan, annual plan of 69.3%. The first half of the County's gross domestic product is expected to reached 8.5 billion yuan, and total revenue of 943 million Yuan. (B) structural adjustment achieved remarkable results. Actively transforming the pattern of economic development, industrial ecology, and agricultural modernization and industrialization of services. High x-County • Tin iron circular economy demonstration area, and further expand economic development zone Jing Dian recycle economy ecology industry Park, Park, circulareconomy and rapid economic development. Focus more on the dialectical relationship between development and environmental protection, energy saving and emission reduction projects play an important role. Vigorously developing agriculture, ecological agriculture, agriculture, modern agricultural clearing along the River Promenade begins to take shape. Key tourism projects is going well, WA Palace area was named \"top ten most influential cultural relics in Hebei province landscape\". Develop new services, and services with new developments. (C) urban-rural integration process. Promoting \"three-year difference\" campaign, battle of two large demolition completed 32 days of 530,000 square meters, exceeded the annual Tsk 7 months in advance. General big building jiangjun road, bridge and highway bridges, the green heart of the city and other urban construction projects, and focus on building new countryside and new housing model villages, urban and rural areas improve. Highwayopened to traffic, Liu Zhang, Qing LAN high-speed x-County section completed by the end of August. Urban and rural首先根据设计标高，把同一水平面直管段的两端的支架位置画在墙上或柱子上，根据两点间的距离和坡度大小，算出两点间高度差，标在末端支架位置上。
在两高差点拉一根直线，按照支架的间距在墙上或柱上标出每个支架的安装位置。
如果土建施工时，在墙上已预留有支架孔洞，或在钢筋混凝土构件上预留埋设了焊接支架的钢板，应采用上述方法进行拉线校正，然后标出支架实际安装位置。 (3) 管道安装的一般规定
管道的坡度、坡向必须符合设计要求。在本次安装的管道中，排水管道要严格按设计要求设置排水坡度，如果图中没有明确要求，按3‰～5‰设置。管道的坡度可用支座下的金属垫板调整，吊架用吊杆螺栓调整，垫板应与预埋件或钢结构进行焊接，不得加于和焊于管道和支座之间。
管道与设备连接时，安装前须将管道内部清理干净管道安装完毕后，不得承受设计外的附架荷载。 法兰边连接应平行、同轴，其偏差不大于法兰外径的1.5‰，且不大于2mm。螺栓孔中心偏差一般不超过孔径的5%，并保证螺栓自由穿入，不得用强紧螺栓的方法消除歪斜，螺栓使用同一规格，安装方向一致，紧固后的螺杆与螺母平齐。
管子对口时应在距接口中心200mm处测量平直度，当公称直径小于100mm时，允许偏差为1mm，当公称直径大于或等于100mm时，允许偏差2mm，但全长允许偏差均为10mm。
管道连接时，不得用强力对口，应加热管子、加扁垫或金属垫等方法来消除接口端面的空隙、偏差、错口或不同心等缺陷。
管道焊缝位置应符合下列规定：
A. 直管段上两环缝距离当DN≥150时，不应小于150mm，当DN<50mm时，不应小于管子外径。
B. 环焊缝距支吊架净距离不应小于50mm，需热处理的焊缝距支吊架不得小于焊缝宽度的5倍，且不得小于100mm。
C. 不宜在管道焊缝及其边缘上开孔。
D. 有加固环的卷管，加固环的对接缝应与管子纵向焊缝错开，其间距不应小于100mm，加固环距管子的环焊不应小于50mm。
对管内清洁要求较高且焊接后不易清理的管子，其对接焊缝采用氩弧焊打底，电焊盖面工艺。
管道对接焊口应做到内壁齐平，内壁错边量不宜超壁厚的10%，且不大于2mm，当壁内错边量大于2mm，或外壁错边量大于3mm时应进行修整。
穿墙及过楼板的管道应加套管，管道焊缝不宜置于套管内，穿墙套管长度不得小于墙厚，穿楼板套管应高出楼面50mm，穿过屋面的管道应有防水肩和防雨帽，管道与套管之间的空隙应采用不燃材料填塞。 管道安装工作如有间断，应及时封闭敞开的管口，埋地钢管安装前应做好防腐绝缘，焊缝部位未经试压不得防腐。
管道安装允许偏差值：
安 装 允 许 偏 差
项 目 及 内 容 座 标 架 空 及 地 沟 室 外 室 内 允许偏差（mm） 25 15 60 ±20 ±15 ±25 埋 地 室 外 室 内 标 高 架 空 及 地 沟 埋 地 evelopment work steadily in the pilot counties, to build peace neighborhood offices approved, \"change\n and rural communities (Center), immigrant communities, pilot projects such as integrated management of urban and rural sanitation in order. (D) maintain social harmony and stability. In the case of tight financial situation, continue to increase the input of people, happy people battle. Urban central heating and upgrade rural power grids, rural reconstruction of shabby housing ten major projects being delivered, has been overfulfilled ahead. Strengthening of social programs, college entrance examination to record heights; new rural insurance coverage rate of the city's first, launched in new rural cooperative medical clinic co-ordination; ... Perfect Park catering, accommodation, education, recreation and other tertiary industries supporting, improving socialization service level, for industries, businesses and create a good environment for development. 3, flexible investment, enhancethe industry. Construction of industrial parks, just set up a platform for the development of only attract more projects into the district, to form agglomeration advantages. A innovation project. To be purposeful, targeted investment, will have a basis of the County's industrial packaged bundles, overall publicity and promotion. Initiative going, please come in and carry out all-round, multi-level and wide-range of investment activities. The ownship industrial projects, in principle, to put to the West industrial parks. What town project, is that the output value of the Township. Second, we must grasp the standards selected items. Full account of extend the industry chain and the integration of factors of production, not only efforts to introduce a number of scientific and technological content and high added value, growth and strong driving force of large projects and large enterprises, but also on domestic-funded enterprises and in accordance with the direction of industrial development of smalland medium projects, project man, small project overwhelming. Meet the area of the County's new industrial projects and city back into rural enterprises, in principle, all stationed in industrial parks. Meanwhile, strict control of excess capacity and high energy consumption, high emission enterprises to enter. Thirdly, increased incentives on the project. Investment of the whole society, the Township and County units go out and draft project. To establish investment incentives for successful introduction of significant project gives awards to units and individuals, the introduction of tax for the implementation of the project, to introduce organization into rewards. 4, preferential policies, and security industries. In terms of project examination and approval, by area Administrative Committee in conjunction with the development, planning, land, industry and commerce, quality control and other departments, \"one-stop reception, one-stop service\d procedures, the time limit originally. In the management of EIA in accordance with theBuilding industry opens up new world of entrepreneurial struggle to build a three provinces of regional central cities--in the Communist x counties the six plenary session members and comrades: today, I was commissioned by the County party Committee Standing Committee, reports to the General Assembly. Consideration of all members and alternates, and comrades attending advice. A, and this year yilai of work recalled this year yilai, in municipal of right led Xia, County solidarity led County people, to science development views for guide, to good activities for mainline, according to \"a city four modernizations three more\" of development thought, concentrated poly force, work hard, political, and economic, and culture, and social and party of construction are made has new progress, County rendering out wind fresh are, and career prosperity, and social settled, and people mind into of good situation. (A) facilitating the construction of the project. Firmly establish the \"scratch project is economic, grasping development project is to hold\" philosophy, to extraordinary efforts to promoting the construction of key projects. Plot 108 key projects for the year, with a total investment of 29.3 billion yuan, iron plate, Josh stone cement waste heat power generation and 13 projects completed, worship of 1.2 million tons of pellets, Hua Yu 80,000 sets of grandparent chicken farming, 47 projects under construction, completed investment of 3.95 billion yuan, annual plan of 69.3%. The first half of the County's gross domestic product is expected to reached 8.5 billion yuan, and total revenue of 943 million Yuan. (B) structural adjustment achieved remarkable results. Actively transforming the pattern of economic development, industrial ecology, and agricultural modernization and industrialization of services. High x-County • Tin iron circular economy demonstration area, and further expand economic development zone Jing Dian recycle economy ecology industry Park, Park, circulareconomy and rapid economic development. Focus more on the dialectical relationship between development and environmental protection, energy saving and emission reduction projects play an important role. Vigorously developing agriculture, ecological agriculture, agriculture, modern agricultural clearing along the River Promenade begins to take shape. Key tourism projects is going well, WA Palace area was named \"top ten most influential cultural relics in Hebei province landscape\". Develop new services, and services with new developments. (C) urban-rural integration process. Promoting \"three-year difference\" campaign, battle of two large demolition completed 32 days of 530,000 square meters, exceeded the annual Tsk 7 months in advance. General big building jiangjun road, bridge and highway bridges, the green heart of the city and other urban construction projects, and focus on building new countryside and new housing model villages, urban and rural areas improve. Highwayopened to traffic, Liu Zhang, Qing LAN high-speed x-County section completed by the end of August. Urban and rural水 平 管 道 平 直 度 水 平 管 道 平 直 度 立 管 铅 垂 度 成 排 管 道 间 距 交 叉 管 的 外 壁 或 绝 热 层 间 距
法兰平行度，同轴度允许偏差值
机 器 转 速（r/min） 3000～6000 >6000 阀门安装
DN≤100 DN>100 2L‰，最大50 3L‰，最大80 5L‰，最大30 15 20 平 行 度( mm) ≤0.15 ≤0.10 同 轴 度(mm) ≤0.50 ≤6.20 A. 阀门安装前应按照设计文件核对其型号，检查填料，其压盖螺栓应留有调节余量，安装时按介质流向确定安装方向。
B. 如设计未明确阀门安装位置时，应安装在便于维修的位置；以法兰连接的阀门安装时应将阀芯关闭。焊接方式连接的阀门安装时，应将阀芯打开，待焊接完毕、冷却后再关闭阀芯；水平安装阀门，其阀杆和手轮应放在上方或安装在上半周范围内。
5. 2.2管道安装步骤：
废水处理站系统管道安装按如下步骤进行：
（1）按图纸设计要求，采购所需钢管和管件。所需材料材料运到现场时，我们应按要求进行材料验收和检查。
（2）管道安装到位后，及时进行试压和试漏。试验压力按图纸及规范要求进行。
（３）设备安装到位后，安装与之相连的管道。管道安装时，应注意保证不能让设备受力。 （４）设备和管道安装完后，及时对管道进行试压和冲洗。 （５）全部设备、管道安装完毕后，可进行设备单体调试。 （6）管道的试压、冲洗
管道安装完毕后，应进行压力试验。 ①压力试验前应具备下列条件：
①.1验范围内的管道安装工程除涂漆、绝热外，已按设计图纸全部完成，安装质量符合有关规定。 ①.2试验用压力表已经校验，并在周检期内，其精度不得低于1.5级，表的满刻度值应为被测压力的1.5-2倍，压力表不得少于两块。
①.3按试验的要求，管道已经加固。
①.4 待试管道与无关系统已用盲板或采取其它措施隔开。 ①.5 试验方案已经过批准，并已进行了技术交底。
②蒸汽管道的试压、冲洗与吹扫 ②.1 蒸汽管道安装完后应进行严密性试验。 a 蒸汽管道进行严密性试验前应具备的条件：
--试验范围内管道的安装、焊接、热处理及质量检验等工作，除涂漆、绝热外均已按设计全部完成，安装质量符合有关规定。
evelopment work steadily in the pilot counties, to build peace neighborhood offices approved, \"change\n and rural communities (Center), immigrant communities, pilot projects such as integrated management of urban and rural sanitation in order. (D) maintain social harmony and stability. In the case of tight financial situation, continue to increase the input of people, happy people battle. Urban central heating and upgrade rural power grids, rural reconstruction of shabby housing ten major projects being delivered, has been overfulfilled ahead. Strengthening of social programs, college entrance examination to record heights; new rural insurance coverage rate of the city's first, launched in new rural cooperative medical clinic co-ordination; ... Perfect Park catering, accommodation, education, recreation and other tertiary industries supporting, improving socialization service level, for industries, businesses and create a good environment for development. 3, flexible investment, enhancethe industry. Construction of industrial parks, just set up a platform for the development of only attract more projects into the district, to form agglomeration advantages. A innovation project. To be purposeful, targeted investment, will have a basis of the County's industrial packaged bundles, overall publicity and promotion. Initiative going, please come in and carry out all-round, multi-level and wide-range of investment activities. The ownship industrial projects, in principle, to put to the West industrial parks. What town project, is that the output value of the Township. Second, we must grasp the standards selected items. Full account of extend the industry chain and the integration of factors of production, not only efforts to introduce a number of scientific and technological content and high added value, growth and strong driving force of large projects and large enterprises, but also on domestic-funded enterprises and in accordance with the direction of industrial development of smalland medium projects, project man, small project overwhelming. Meet the area of the County's new industrial projects and city back into rural enterprises, in principle, all stationed in industrial parks. Meanwhile, strict control of excess capacity and high energy consumption, high emission enterprises to enter. Thirdly, increased incentives on the project. Investment of the whole society, the Township and County units go out and draft project. To establish investment incentives for successful introduction of significant project gives awards to units and individuals, the introduction of tax for the implementation of the project, to introduce organization into rewards. 4, preferential policies, and security industries. In terms of project examination and approval, by area Administrative Committee in conjunction with the development, planning, land, industry and commerce, quality control and other departments, \"one-stop reception, one-stop service\d procedures, the time limit originally. In the management of EIA in accordance with theBuilding industry opens up new world of entrepreneurial struggle to build a three provinces of regional central cities--in the Communist x counties the six plenary session members and comrades: today, I was commissioned by the County party Committee Standing Committee, reports to the General Assembly. Consideration of all members and alternates, and comrades attending advice. A, and this year yilai of work recalled this year yilai, in municipal of right led Xia, County solidarity led County people, to science development views for guide, to good activities for mainline, according to \"a city four modernizations three more\" of development thought, concentrated poly force, work hard, political, and economic, and culture, and social and party of construction are made has new progress, County rendering out wind fresh are, and career prosperity, and social settled, and people mind into of good situation. (A) facilitating the construction of the project. Firmly establish the \"scratch project is economic, grasping development project is to hold\" philosophy, to extraordinary efforts to promoting the construction of key projects. Plot 108 key projects for the year, with a total investment of 29.3 billion yuan, iron plate, Josh stone cement waste heat power generation and 13 projects completed, worship of 1.2 million tons of pellets, Hua Yu 80,000 sets of grandparent chicken farming, 47 projects under construction, completed investment of 3.95 billion yuan, annual plan of 69.3%. The first half of the County's gross domestic product is expected to reached 8.5 billion yuan, and total revenue of 943 million Yuan. (B) structural adjustment achieved remarkable results. Actively transforming the pattern of economic development, industrial ecology, and agricultural modernization and industrialization of services. High x-County • Tin iron circular economy demonstration area, and further expand economic development zone Jing Dian recycle economy ecology industry Park, Park, circulareconomy and rapid economic development. Focus more on the dialectical relationship between development and environmental protection, energy saving and emission reduction projects play an important role. Vigorously developing agriculture, ecological agriculture, agriculture, modern agricultural clearing along the River Promenade begins to take shape. Key tourism projects is going well, WA Palace area was named \"top ten most influential cultural relics in Hebei province landscape\". Develop new services, and services with new developments. (C) urban-rural integration process. Promoting \"three-year difference\" campaign, battle of two large demolition completed 32 days of 530,000 square meters, exceeded the annual Tsk 7 months in advance. General big building jiangjun road, bridge and highway bridges, the green heart of the city and other urban construction projects, and focus on building new countryside and new housing model villages, urban and rural areas improve. Highwayopened to traffic, Liu Zhang, Qing LAN high-speed x-County section completed by the end of August. Urban and rural--支吊架安装完毕，经核算需增加的临时支吊架及加固已安装完毕,以避免水重造支吊架超载，影响支吊架受损或变形：
--试验用压力表已经校验并在周检期内，其精度不低于1.5级，表的满刻度值应为被测最大压力的1.5-2倍。压力表不得少于2块。
--管道上的膨胀节已设置了临时约束装置。
b 蒸汽管道进行严密性试验前应对下列资料进行审查: --制造厂的管子，管件质量证明书； --管道安装前检验及补充试验结果； --阀门试验记录；
--焊接检验及热处理记录； --设计修改及材料代用文件； --管道组装、安装的全套原始记录；
c 蒸汽管道的严密性试验应采用水压试验，其水质洁净。充水应保证能将系统内空气排尽。试验压力应按设计图纸的规定。其试验压力应不小于设计压力的1.5倍，但不得大于任何非隔离元件如系统内容器、阀门等设备的最大允许试验压力。
d 管道系统在严密性试验时，应作检查的部位不得涂漆和保温。
e 管道系统试压时，应与试验范围以外的管道、设备、仪表等隔绝。隔绝可彩装设盲板的方法。如果以阀门隔绝时，阀门两侧温差不得超过100℃。
f 水压试验宜在水温与环境5℃以上进行，否则必须根据具体情况，采取防冻及防止金属冷脆折裂等措施。但介质温度不宜高于70℃。
g 试验前安全阀应拆卸或采取其它措施。加置盲板的部位应有明显标记和记录。
h 位差较大的管道，应考虑试验介质的静压影响，液体管道试验压力应以最高点的压力为准，但最低点压力不得超过系统各管件的承压力。
i 管道系统水压试验应缓慢升压，当达到试验压力后应保持10min，然后降至设计压力，停压10min，然后降至设计压力以压力不降，无渗漏为合格。
j 在管道系统试验过程中，如发现渗漏，应降压消除缺陷后再进行试验，严禁带压处理。
k 试验结束后，应及时排净系统内的全部存水，拆除所有盲板，及膨胀节限位设施等临时支架，加固装置等待蒸汽吹扫结束后拆除，排液时应防止形成负压，并不得随地排放。 ②.2 蒸汽管道的吹扫
a 蒸汽管道试压合格后应组织进行蒸汽吹扫。
b 不允许吹扫的设备及管道应与吹扫系统隔离，并应将系统内的流量孔板（或喷嘴）、节流阀阀芯、滤网、止回阀阀芯等拆除，并妥善存放，待吹扫工作结束后复装。 c 蒸汽吹扫应安装临时排汽管道，具体要求如下： --排汽管管口应朝上倾斜，排向空处；
--排汽管应具有牢固的支承，以承受排汽的反作用力；
--排汽管的内径宜等于或大于被吹洗管子的内径、长度应尽量短捷，以减少阻力。 --排汽管道应按被吹扫的蒸汽管道的技术要求进行安装、焊接并宜装设消音装置。 --蒸汽管道应以大流量蒸汽进行吹扫，流速不应低于30m/s。 --蒸汽吹扫前应先行暖管，及时排水，并应检查管道热位移。
--蒸汽管道还可用创光木板检验，吹扫后，木板上无铁锈，脏物时为合格。 --蒸汽吹扫合格的管道，应采取有效的保护措施。
--蒸汽管道投入运行前，应在升压至少0.3-0.5Mpa时对所有法兰连接情况检查一次。
evelopment work steadily in the pilot counties, to build peace neighborhood offices approved, \"change\n and rural communities (Center), immigrant communities, pilot projects such as integrated management of urban and rural sanitation in order. (D) maintain social harmony and stability. In the case of tight financial situation, continue to increase the input of people, happy people battle. Urban central heating and upgrade rural power grids, rural reconstruction of shabby housing ten major projects being delivered, has been overfulfilled ahead. Strengthening of social programs, college entrance examination to record heights; new rural insurance coverage rate of the city's first, launched in new rural cooperative medical clinic co-ordination; ... Perfect Park catering, accommodation, education, recreation and other tertiary industries supporting, improving socialization service level, for industries, businesses and create a good environment for development. 3, flexible investment, enhancethe industry. Construction of industrial parks, just set up a platform for the development of only attract more projects into the district, to form agglomeration advantages. A innovation project. To be purposeful, targeted investment, will have a basis of the County's industrial packaged bundles, overall publicity and promotion. Initiative going, please come in and carry out all-round, multi-level and wide-range of investment activities. The ownship industrial projects, in principle, to put to the West industrial parks. What town project, is that the output value of the Township. Second, we must grasp the standards selected items. Full account of extend the industry chain and the integration of factors of production, not only efforts to introduce a number of scientific and technological content and high added value, growth and strong driving force of large projects and large enterprises, but also on domestic-funded enterprises and in accordance with the direction of industrial development of smalland medium projects, project man, small project overwhelming. Meet the area of the County's new industrial projects and city back into rural enterprises, in principle, all stationed in industrial parks. Meanwhile, strict control of excess capacity and high energy consumption, high emission enterprises to enter. Thirdly, increased incentives on the project. Investment of the whole society, the Township and County units go out and draft project. To establish investment incentives for successful introduction of significant project gives awards to units and individuals, the introduction of tax for the implementation of the project, to introduce organization into rewards. 4, preferential policies, and security industries. In terms of project examination and approval, by area Administrative Committee in conjunction with the development, planning, land, industry and commerce, quality control and other departments, \"one-stop reception, one-stop service\d procedures, the time limit originally. In the management of EIA in accordance with the
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容