如何把握语法填空中的引导词
2020-08-12
来源:步旅网
三、状语 两个或两个以上简单句(有主 如何把握语法填空中的引导词 语和谓语),其中一个简单句是另一 ■朱国林 个简单句发生的时间、地点、条件、 目的、原因等,这个简单句就是状 语从句。如下表所示: 近五年来, “引导词”一直是广东高考“语法填 空”中的必考内容。任何一个从句都必须有一个词引 导(有时合理省略),而引导词的运用是有其规律的。 一A句 时间when…);地  ̄(where…);原因because…); B句 (B旬) 条件 an]ess…);让步(though…);结果so that) (A句) 目的so…that…);方式(as…);比较(than,a8…as…) He will not come if,because he iS not invited 、名词・眭从句 从旬情况 引导词 用连词that 用连词whether,if (条件或原因) Since everybody is here,let’S begin our meeting. 句意完整.确定 旬意完整.不确定 句意不完整.结构不完整 用连接代词(缺主who。what 宾、表语) 、(原因) 四、多从复旬 是指由三个或三个以上单句合并成的一句话。如: Tom walked slowly along the street. He reached the department store. 句意不完整,结构不完整 用连接副词when,where,why, (缺状语) how Whether/When he will leave for the United He stopped to ask directions to the bus station. States is not yet decided.(不确定或不完整) He never admits that he is wrong.他从不承 可合并成:Tom walked slowly along the street an- 堡he reached the department store w—he—re he stopped to 认自己错了。(完整,确定) 1 wonder what has happened to him.(不完整,从 句缺主语) 同位语从句是用来解释和说明前面那个词的具体 内容的,一般用that引导: He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting ask directions to the bus station.(由until.where引导 的两个状语从句) 即时练习 请根据从句的功能,填写恰当的引导词。 1.(2007)I realized that the villagers who had gath- ered around me were arguing as to 2 should have the honour of receiving me as a guest in their house. was put off.f说明news的内容) 二、定语从句 先行词为 在从句中作 在从旬中的位置 物 主语 表语 人 2.(2007)…the head of the village was tying up his 关系词 horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilome— 谓语f系动词)前 that,which, 系动词之后 介词,及物动词后 从句某名词前 who,whom ters away 鱼there was a garage. 3.(2008)…he cameupwithanidea pluck up all ofhis crop a few inches: hewould 4.(2009)Jane paused in rfont of a counter some attrdctive ties were on display. 宾语 定语 人或物 *whose wheD,why 5.(2010)…he could bring some back to an elder 32 had been his teacher. 时间、地 点、原因 状语 动词、系表、谓宾 where, 后 *6.(201 o)We understand this lesson best 40 we receive gifts of love rom chilfdren. cy A plane is a machine that/whihcan fl(物. 主语) The man whois shaking hands with my father is a 7.(201 1)Behind him were other people to 21 he was trying to talk,but… postman.(人,主语) I don’t know the reason why she looked unhappy 8.(201 1)…and waited with me !the bus ar— irved.(11) today.f原因,状语) ionary as he is using. I hope to get such a dict参考答案:1.who f介宾从句)2.where(定语从 (物,宾语,名词前有such) We’11 never forget the day 63 years ago when the 句)3.that(同位语从句)4.where(定语从句)5.who (定语从句)6.when(状语从句)7.whom(定语从句) 8.until(状语) (作者单位:深圳大学附属中学) People’S Republic of China was founded. f时间,状 语,名词与从句间有间隔) 责任编校蒋小青 藏书2012年第3期