动词不定式练习

动词不定式练习

Translation

二(不定式6大基本句型

1( 不定式做主语, 表语

不定式在句首做主语

To err is human; to forgive, divine.

To teach is not to teach.

To die is to sleep

To do nothing is to die / To wait is to die 形式主语 it

It is +adj+ to do sth

It is easy to be wise after the event

花钱要比赚钱容易得多.

It is better to love someone you can’t have than to have someone you can’t love.

It + Vi+to do sth

It pays to listen before speaking

再试一次没关系的.

It helps to take a deep breath before your performance.

2( 不定式做宾语

及物动词宾语 (主句主语与不定式逻辑主语一致)

I can’t afford to miss it a second time.

他们同意每两周见一次面 (agree to do).

我们已经安排好在典礼前两天进行彩排 (arrange to do).

Many people don’t even bother to say thanks after they are politely served.

You chose to be treated that way.

很多年以前, 一个人如果不能出示他的身份的话, 他可能在家里就被警察逮捕 (fail to do). I hate to listen to questions like how to solve the problem right away or how to achieve quick

success or how to become rich overnight.

当我小的时候, 想接近女孩子的时候总是犹豫不决 (hesitate to do).

I didn’t intend to offend you

你有三份兼职工作的情况下是怎样完成硕士课程的? (manage to)

我进来的时候,他们装做没有看到我. (pretend)

Afford, agree, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, beg, begin, bother, care, choose, consent, dare, decide,

detmine, expect, fail, forget, happen, hate, help, hesiate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage,

mean, neglect, offer, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, propose, refuse, regret, remembe, seem,

start, swear, trouble, try, want, wish…

不定式疑问式做宾语

即不定式前面加上wh-疑问代词或副词， 或者how, 一起构成及物动词宾语。

They haven’t decided where to start

You didn’t explain how to use the instrument. When he took out his phone, 他忘记该给谁打电话了.

Ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, forget, guess, imagine, know, learn, remember, see, teach,

think, understand, wonder…

3. 不定式做宾语补足语

We allow students to use this facility on weekends. The future pressure from employment compels college students to study for a master degree.

We should encourage students to challenge authorities. I expect you to write your own sentences.

I will help you to find possible answers to these questions.

I want you to write down your own ideas. I would like you to work in groups.

I need you to help me with this.

I warn you not to cheat in your paper writing.

Advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, compel, encourage, expect, fobid, force, get,

have, invite, like, order, permit, persuade, prefer, recommend, teach, tell, tempt, wish, urge… 注意: let, make, have, see, hear, watch, notice…等动词后面， 宾语的补足语要省略to

4. 不定式做定语

注意逻辑宾语

I have a letter to write

I need some paper to write on

I need a pen to write with

I have a family to take care of

I have no friend to talk about these topics with

He has no house to live in

You have no place to escape to

注意逻辑主语

我们不会参加下周召开的会议

我们坚决反对下个月要实施的计划.

不定式与其前的同位关系

I know clearly your wish to join the club.

他拒绝合作使我们很生气(refusal to do sth).

你使用语言的能力才是重要的(ability to do sth).

I could see no good reason in your intention to stay. 想改变习惯的决定往往需要时间和耐心(the decision to do sth).

5. 不定式用在adj 后做特殊成分.

He is interesting to listen to

Theories are by nature not easy to understand. My teacher is easy to get on with.

Nothing is easy to learn before one thing learned. 注意:不能用被动～

6. 不定式做状语

(1) 目的

To avoid criticism, do nothing, say nothing, be nothing. 要获得知识, 人要学习; 要获得智慧, 人必须学会观察和思考.

To be respected, one needs to show his respect for others. I don’t come here to teach you. We come here to learn how to co-operate.

(2) 结果

We hurried to the station, only to find the train had just left. Women often complain that they are educated as equals, only to go out into the workforce

interviews treated as inferiors.

Your story was so sad as to discourage everyone. You are such a gentleman as to suggest going Dutch? You are modest enough to make us feel you are superior What you said is too good to be true.

You are too ready to find faults.

(3) 条件

You would be crazy to ask for a raise.

I will be honored to give a lecture at Bei Da. I would be happy to be invited to your party.

7. 不定式的形式宾语it

Feel /find it + adj + ( for sb / sth ) to do sth Make it + possible + (for sb / sth ) to do sth Make it a rule + (for sb / sth ) to do sth 你感觉和陌生人谈话很困难吗?

新技术的应用使得这家工厂有可能将生产成本大幅度降低。.

我们决定每周五只说英语?

8. 不定式做插入语

To begin with, to start with, to be honest, to be frank, to make a long story short,

to make the matter worse, to sum up.

三(不定式的逻辑主语问题

1. for …to do sth

He is eager to meet you

他迫切希望你和他妹妹尽快见面.

It is easy for me to use English

It is not easy for a child to use English

, To study English well, a lot of practice is needed.

, More patience is needed to study English well.

, The wind should be strong enough to fly a kite.

, To go abroad to study, your family must be rich

, To enjoy online movies, the internet speed must be high.

, There should be two libraries to borrow more books 2. of sb to do sth: 有关于个性特点等

It was wise of you not to argue with your boss

It is kind of you to lend me 90 yuan when you have only 100. It was irresponsible of you to have left your job untouched.

四(不定式的时态

1. 一般时:to do

2. 完成时:to have done

We are happy to have finished our work before the deadline. He was sorry not to have informed us of that.

You don’t seem to have washed your face today.

The rain seems to have stooped.

He was sorry to have bothered me with so many questions. Stories of Pop

stars appear to have led people to a belief that there is a shortcut to success.

He is believed to have escaped to Canada.

The official was reported to have taken several millions from the local factory.

The plan is said to have been postponed.

3. 进行时:to be doing

appear, happen, pretend, seem

He appeared to be thinking hard about something when I dropped in. He happened to be reading a horrible story about earthquake when a real one happened to him that

night.

He pretended to be sleeping when she came.

五(不定式的语态

I want the letter to be typed at once

I have a lot of cloths to wash

The box is very heavy for a little boy to carry

The box is not very heavy for me to carry

The box is very heavy to carry

No one likes to be treated like that.

The form is to be filled out in ink.

It is necessary for us to be reminded of our limitations. She asked to be given an easier and better-paid job. He is too narrow to be respected.

He prefered to be given more work to do.

注意:形容词后面通常用主动形式的不定式

The box is heavy to move.

The book is interesting to read

六(不带to的不定式

1( 使役动词:let, make, have

2( 感官动词:see, hear.