F1. Phonetically, the stress of a compound always falls on the first element, while the second element receives secondary stress.
F2. Words are the smallest meaningful units of language.
T3. Just as a phoneme is the basic unit in the study of phonology, so is a morpheme the basic unit in the study of morphology.
T4. The smallest meaningful units that can be used freely all by themselves are free morphemes.
F5. Fore as in foretell is both a prefix and a bound morpheme
T6. Inflectional morphemes manifest various grammatical relations or grammatical categories such as number, tense, degree, and case.
F7. Base refers to the part of word that remains when all inflectional affixes are removed
F8. There are rules that govern which affix can be added to what type of stem to form a new word. Therefore, words formed according to the morphological rules are acceptable words.
T9. In most cases, prefixes change the meaning of the base whereas suffixes
change the word-class of the base.
F10. All words in English have a hierarchical structure.
F11. Clipping is one of the three most important devices of word-formation in English.
T12. Idioms in English are modifiable in some grammatical ways.
F13. The presence of constructions is unique to English.
F14. Every English sentence has a subject.
A1. Nouns, verbs and adjectives can be classified as________
A lexical words B grammatical word C function D forwards
D2. The compound word “bookstore” is the place where books are sold. This indicates that the meaning of a compound __________.
A. is the sum total of the meaning of its components
B. can always be worked out by looking at the meanings of morphemes
C. is the same as the meaning of a free phrase.
D. None of the above.
B3. The part of speech of the compounds is generally determined by the part of speech of __________.
A. the first element B. the second element
C. either the first or the second element D. both the first and the second elements.
A4. Morphemes that represent tense, number, gender and case are called ________morpheme
A inflectional B free C function words D derivational
C5. _________ is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.
A. Syntax B.Grammar C. Morphology D Morpheme
C6. The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is _______.
A. lexical B. morphemic C. grammatical D. semantic
D7. Bound morphemes are those that ___________.
A. have to be used independently B. can not be combined with other morphemes
C. can either be free or bound D. has to be combined with other morphemes
A8. ____ modifies the meaning of the stem, but usually do not change the part of speech of the original word.
A. Prefixes B. Suffixes C. Roots D. Affixes
B9. _________ is often thought to be the smallest meaningful units of language by the linguists.
A. Words B. Morphemes C. Phonemes D. Sentences
B10. All of them are meaningful except for_____________
A lexeme B phoneme C morpheme D allomorph
Discuss the types of morphemes with examples.
Free morphemes: They are the independent units of meaning and can be used freely all by themselves, for example, “book-” in the word “bookish”. Bound morphemes: They are those that cannot be used independently but have to be combined with other morphemes, either free or bound, to form a word such as “-ish” in “bookish”. Bound
Morphemes can be subdivided into roots and affixes. A root is seen as part of a word; it can never stand by itself although it has a clear and definite meaning, such as “gene-” in the word “generate”. Affixes are of two types: inflectional and derivational. Inflectional morphemes manifest various grammatical relations or grammatical categories such as “-s” in the word “books” to indicate plurality of nouns. Derivational affixes are added to an existing form to create a word such as “mis-” in the word “misinform”. Derivational affixes can also be divided into prefixes and suffixes. Prefixes occur at the beginning of a word such as “dis- ” in the word “dislike”, while suffixes occur at the end of a word such as “-less” in the word “friendless”.
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