Enhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action
▇Working with Words and Expressions
1 In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them.Change the form where necessary.■Answers:
1) ensure2) exclude3) sustain4)domestic 5) fundamental 6)transparent 7) elastic 8)inherent 9) input 10) margin11) reverse 12) potential13) subsidies 14) restored15) features 16) urged
2In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in thisunit. Complete the sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:
1) is based on2) lived up to
3) account for4) has borne out 5) slow down6) act on 7) cash in on8) regardless of9) on top of10) at their peril 11) in part…in part 12) in the nameof
13) torn down
▆ Increasing Your Word Power
1 Each of the following sentences has four parts underlined and marked with A, B, C and D. You are to identify the one thatneeds correction. Write down the correct usage in the space provided at the end of each sentence.▆ Answers:▆Answers:1) C (are→is)
2) C (scent→smell / odour)3) B (is told→be told)4) D (since→while/whereas)5) C (deciding→decide)6) A (takes→gives)7) B (medicine→medical)
8) C (minutes→minutes’)9) C (as well→as well as)
10) B (have usually→usually have)11) D (while→when)12) A (Viewing→Viewed)13) D (seventh→seven)14) B (said of→said)
15) C (progresses→progress)
2 Clipping is a process that shortens a polysyllabic (多⾳节的) word by deleting one or more syllables, such as “prof” for
“professor”, “copter” for “helicopter”, etc. A number of such abbreviations have been accepted in general usage. Now work inpairs and turn the clipped words into their original forms. Consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:
3 Fill in the blanks in Column B with an adjective in this unit. The target
adjective must be opposite in meaning to the one in Column A and must form a correct collocation with the noun in ColumnC.
▆ Answers:
▇ Grammar and Rhetoric
The following sentences seem to be grammatically correct, but they are in effect faulty. Discuss in pairs why they are notacceptable and then improve them.▇ Answers for reference:1) Reason: Wordiness
Improved: Before going to the supermarket, we made a list of the groceries we needed to prepare dinner.2) Reason: Wordiness
Improved:A lot of research has been done to determine its causes.3) Reason: Wordiness
Improve: Professor Smith knows a great deal about American history.4) Reason: Dangling modifier
Improved: To finish the work on time, they have taken some new and effective measures.5) Reason: Dangling modifier
Improved: After I graduated from college,my father wanted me to pursue my education in the United States.6) Reason: Dangling modifier
Improved: Having been bitten by a mad dog, the boy was cured by the doctor with a new kind of medicine.7) Reason: Split infinitive
Improved: Sara hopes to finish her chemistry homework quickly so that she can return to the more interesting novel she hasbeen reading.
8) Reason: Random shift of the verb tense
Improved: Professor Smith has worked in the university for over twenty years and (has) published many books.9) Reason: Not parallel
Improved: He told us to look at the picture and to tell him what we found.10) Reason: Not parallel
Improved: She was a woman of mean understanding, little information, and uncertain temper.11) Reason: Dangling modifier
Improved: To get ready for the trip, I put all the things I needed into a suitcase the previous night.12) Reason: Not parallel
Improved: Dictionaries can be used for these purposes: to find wordmeanings, pronunciations, correct spellings, and irregular verbs. Cloze
▇Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.呼吁“包容性的”全球化▇ unit 8 cloze:
(1) manifestation(2) lies(3)promoting(4) minds (5)recognize(6)benefit (7) economic(8)denied (9) excluded
(10) prosperity(11) imperative (12) assistance(13) fostering (14) triumph(15) separateTranslation
1 Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or expressions given in brackets.■ Answers for Reference:1) Those people yearn for the days
in the past because they don’t think they can benefit from the current policies.2) Terrorists will make no
distinction between races, nations or regions when they carry out acts of terror.3) The invention of paper was one of
the great contributions Ancient China made to human civilization,
4) The teacher suggested that the
students analyze these problems in a different light so as to finda solution as soon as possible.5) In recent years, some developed
countries have been
developing countries their
globalization.
6) Legal English is a specialregister of English. Its
distinctive
literary language and other practical styles.
7) The company its
rival’s diff iculties by doubling its investment in this area.8) When he wrote The Declaration of
Independence, Thomas Jefferson was firm in the belief that all men were created equal.9) He has served the public
whole-heartedly for many years, regardless of his personal gain or loss.10) Experts have long been
concerned about the implications of population growth for economic development of the world.2 Translate the following passage into English.■ Answers for Reference:
It is commonly understood that globalization has been driven by liberalization policies and technological advances. Its role isto increase the flow of goods, service, capital, technology, information, ideas and labour at the global level. In fact,globalization is a double-edged
sword. It has both advantages and disadvantages. Some people really benefit from globalization while others simply see itas one more manifestation of the inequity of the world. To address the division between these two groups of people, Annansuggested a solution, ., to pursue an inclusive globalization. He believed that dialogue can triumph over discord, and thatopening markets and promoting cooperation can ensure that globalization benefits the whole of humanity economically,politically and socially.Theme-Related Writing
▇Write an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic “My View on Globalization”. Your writing should cover the followingpoints:
1) the advantages of globalization2) the disadvantages of globalization3) your view on globalization▇ Sample essay:My View on Globalization
Globalization has brought us immense benefits. It helps realize our dream of a prosperous world. It boosts the worldeconomy by opening global markets, smoothing the flow of capital and commodities, and increasing productivity and
employment opportunities. In addition, the concerted efforts globalization motivates in areas like fighting against terrorism,environmental protection, health, and education have also contributed to the wellbeing of humanity.
However, there are always voices against globalization. Some people accuse multinational corporations of providing unfairand unsafe working conditions, using cheap labour, exploiting natural resources and causing ecological damage. They alsocriticise globalization for not only modernizing but also westernizing native cultures. They also argue that globalization leadsto the spread of epidemics and diseases.
In short, globalization is a double-edged sword and we must handle it with care. We must set up rules and regulations aswell as sound supervising systems. If it is well handled, globalization will surely serve humanity.(155 words)
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