While beach vacations may be a great way to take your mind off work，lakes surrounded by mountains make for an even grander experience．If you are looking for some peace on your vacation，we have some recommendations for you in the Caucasus(高加索)． Lake Sevan
Lake Sevan is situated in the central part of Armenia，in the Gegharkunik province．It is the largest lake in Armenia，located 6,200ft above sea level．Along the lake shore，there are various accommodations such as resorts and hotels with plenty of activities to partake in such as windsurfing，swimming and sunbathing．While there，do not forget to visit one of the famous cultural monuments，the Sevanavank Monastery，and it offers a great view of the lake as well． Lake Paravani
Lake Paravani，located at 6,801ft above sea level，is in the south of Georgia，near the Javakheti plateau．At this level，altitude sickness can occur and it is a good idea to be prepared to adapt to it properly，or bring medication for altitude sickness．Being a volcanic lake makes for a more interesting experience．The lake is best known for fishing．Do not come home during the winter months when the lake freezes． Lake Cildir
Lake Cildir is located in the Ardahan province，East Turkey，near the borders of Georgia and Armenia．It is the second largest freshwater lake of Eastern Turkey，and many tourists are not aware of this beautiful attraction．Lake Cildir is surrounded by mountains of the Caucasus．The lake freezes during late November．If the winter is not extremely cold，you can try some lake activities like ice skating and ice fishing． Lake Van
Lake Van is the must visit of all lakes in this list．The largest lake in Turkey，Lake Van is located on the eastern shore of Turkey and is also the most accessible lake here．It’s situated at 5，380ft above sea level，and unique to lakes around the world，the water is high in salt content．
1．If you want to visit some historic sites during your travel by a lake，you can go to . A．Lake Cildir B．Lake Parvani C．Lake Sevan D．Lake Van
2．What is special about Lake Van? A．Its water is high in salt． B．It is a volcanic lake．
C．It is globally the largest lake． D．It is surrounded by mountains．
3．What challenge are travelers most likely to face while visiting Lake Paravani A．Lack of medicine． B．Volcano eruptions．
C．Altitude sickness． D．Low temperature all the year． 4．Which destinations would be attractive to a fishing lover A．Lake Sevan and Lake Paravani． B．Lake Pravani and Lake Cildir． C．Lake Cildir and Lake Van． D．Lake Sevan and Lake Van．
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5. The purpose of the passage is to . A. warn people about four lakes B. describe four beautiful lakes C. advise people to visit four lakes D. advertise four beautiful lakes
B
Can you believe your eyes? A recent experiment suggests that the answer to that question may depend on your age.
Martin Doherty, a psychologist at the University of Stirling in Scotland, led the team of scientists. In this experiment, Doherty and his team tested the perception(观察力) of some people, using pictures of some orange circles. The researchers showed the same pictures to two groups of people. The first group included 151 children aged 4 to 10, and the second group included 24 adults aged 18 to 25.
The first group of pictures showed two circles alone on a white background. One of the circles was larger than the other, and these people were asked to identify the larger one. Four-year-olds identified the correct circle 79 percent of the time. Adults identified the correct circle 95 percent of the time.
Next, both groups were shown a picture where the orange circles, again of different sizes, were surrounded by gray circles. Here’s where the trick lies in. In some of the pictures, the smaller orange circle was surrounded by even smaller gray circles — making the orange circle appear larger than the other orange circle, which was the real larger one. And the larger orange circle was surrounded by even bigger gray circles — so it appeared to be smaller than the real smaller orange circle.
When young children aged 4 to 6 looked at these tricky pictures, they weren’t fooled — they were still able to find the bigger circle with roughly the same accuracy as before. Older children and adults, on the other hand, did not do as well. Older children often identified the smaller circle as the larger one, and adults got it wrong most of the time.
As children get older, Doherty said, their brains may develop the ability to identify visual context. In other words, they will begin to process the whole picture at once: the tricky gray circles, as well as the orange circle in the middle. As a result, they’re more likely to fall for this kind of visual trick.
6. Doherty and his team of scientists did an experiment to evaluate . A．children’s and adults’eye-sight B．people’s ability to see accurately C．children’s and adults’brains D．the influence of people’s age
7. When asked to find the larger circle, .
A．children at 6 got it wrong 79 % of the time with no gray ones around B．only adults over 18 got it right 95% of the time with gray ones around C．children at 4 got it right about 79 % of the time with gray ones around D．adults got it right most of the time with gray ones around 8. According to the passage, we can know that .
A．a smaller orange circle appears bigger on a white background B．an orange circle appears bigger than a gray one of the same size C．a circle surrounded by other circles looks bigger than its real size
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D．a circle surrounded by bigger ones looks smaller than its real size 9. Visual context may work when children get older than . A．4 B．6 C．10 D．18 10. Why are younger children not fooled?
A．Because they are smarter than older children and adults. B．Because older people are influenced by their experience. C．Because people’s eyes become weaker as they grow older. D．Because their brain can hardly notice related things together.
C
A few years ago, a pilot had to have perfect eyesight and a college degree if he or she wanted to land a job with an American airline. But today, airlines do not stick to those requirements because they can’t find enough qualified pilots.
Airlines must hire up to 62 000 new pilots in the next decade. But qualified pilots are few and far between in the United States. Every year there are more planes being flown. At the same time, 12 to 15 foreign countries are recruiting American pilots.
As a result, pilots are earning spectacular salaries. The going rate for skilled pilots is well over $90 000 a year. Some pilots can earn about $160 000 plus free housing working for foreign airlines.
Because of the shortage, some people say unqualified pilots are being allowed to fly planes. They fear the number of crashes will skyrocket. Each year, more and more pilots with less than 2 000 hours of experience are being hired. Airlines are also bringing on board many more pilots who are older than 50, although law requires pilots to retired at age 50.
Being an airline pilot is a difficult job that requires people to make life and death decision under pressure. Some pilots crack under the pressure.
The military is also having a hard time keeping pilots. Air Force pilots must commit to spending at least six years in the Air Force. The Air Force invests millions of dollars to train each pilot, so it doesn’t want to lose them.
Experts say this problem is going to get a lot worse. Congress may establish a commission to study the country’s pilot needs. In the meantime, salaries of pilots will continue to rise and the number of crashes may keep pace.
11. The main idea of the article is_______.
A. a shortage of pilots is caused by airlines and military
B. there have been more crashes because pilots have worse eyesight and higher salaries C. a shortage of pilots may lead to more crashes
D. airlines should hire more pilots even if they’re unqualified 12. Today a pilot no longer needs_______. A. perfect eyesight B. military training C. two college degrees D. to be recruited
13. Air Force pilots should stay in the Air Force because________. A. the Air Force is a good place to work
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B. the Air Force pays more than airlines
C. the military should have hard time keeping pilots D. the Air Force spends a lot of money training them
14. Some people wouldn’t be good pilots because__________. A. they can’t make decisions quickly B. they don’t earn spectacular salaries
C. they weren’t recruited by foreign countries D. the number of crashes keeps pace with them
D
One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the “cashless society” is not on the horizon----it’s already here.
While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply “ring up sales”. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customer for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself.
Many other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.
15．According to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to . A. withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes B. obtain more convenient services than other people do C. enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper D. cash money where he wishes to
16．From the last sentence of the first paragraph we learn that . A. in the future all the Americans will use credit cards B. credit cards are mainly used in the United States today C. nowadays many Americans do not pay in cash
D. it is now more convenient to use credit cards than before 17．The phrase “ring up sales” most probably means .
A. make an order of goods B. record sales on a cash register C. call the sales manager D. keep track of the goods in stock 18．It can be inferred that .
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A. computers will bring disaster
B. computer industry will not develop faster
C. computers will bring about more convenience to people’s life D. None
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