动词不定式是一种活跃的非谓语动词。它在句中起的是名词。形容词或副词的作用,可在句子中作主语。宾语。定语。状语和宾语补足语。动词不定式的形式是\"to +动词原形\但to有时要省去。动词不定式在具体运用时,用不用to,取决于谓语动词的用法: 一、带to的不定式结构
1.我们学过的能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有: want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like ,love, stop, go, come等。
2.动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即not to do sth.。例如: Jim told me not to wake up Kate.吉姆告诉我别叫醒凯特。 二、不带to的不定式结构
以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式:
1.在固定词组had better之后。注意:had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。例如: You had better go home now.你最好现在回家。
It's cold outside. You'd better not go out.外面很冷,你最好不要出去。
2.在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后,要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如:
I made them give me the money back.我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn't see you come in.我没看见你进来。 3.在引导疑问句的why not之后。
\"Why not+不带to的不定式\"是Why don't you do…的省略,可以用来提出建议或劝告。例如:
Why not go with us。为什么不和我们一起去呢。
Why not take a holiday。=Why don't you take a holiday。为什么不休个假呢。 三、动词不定式作主语
不定式结构作主语时,现代英语倾向于采用it作形式主语,而把不定式结构后置的形式。例如：
It’s difficult to learn English well. 学好英语很难。 四、动词不定式作定语
不定式作定语,要放在它所修饰的名词或代词的后面。例如: I have nothing to say on this question.对这个问题我无可奉告。 五、动词不定式作宾语
有的及物动词要求跟复合宾语(即宾语+宾语补足语)。如果其中的宾语是不定式短语,则必须将形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上,而将不定式短语(真正的宾语)放在宾语补足语之前。例如:
I find it useful to learn English well.我发现学好英语很有用。 We thought it wrong not to tell her.我们认为不告诉她是错误的。 六、动词不定式作宾语补足语
动词不定式作宾语补足语是动词不定式用法的一个重点,学习时要注意以下三种情况: 1.作动词ask, like, tell等的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to不可以省略。 例如:
He asked me to talk about English study.他请我谈谈英语学习。 2.作使役动词let, have, make以及感官动词feel, hear, see,
watch等的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to要省略。例如:
The teacher made him say the word like this.老师让他像这样说这个单词。 3.作动词help的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to可以带,也可以不带。例如: Could you help me (to) carry the heavy box。你能帮我搬这个重箱子吗。 七、动词不定式作状语
动词不定式及其短语具有副词的特性,可在句中用作状语。 1.放在句首也可以放在句尾表示目的等。例如:
He stopped to have a rest.他停下来休息。 2.跟在作表语的形容词或过去分词的后面。例如: I'm sorry to hear that.听到这事我感到很难过。 3.用在too... to...结构中。例如:
He is too young to understand all that.他太年轻了,不能理解这件事。
动词不定式专项练习（一）
一．单项选择。
1. You’d better ______ to see a doctor.
A. to go B. go C. went D. going 2. Can you finish _____ an egg in a second?
A. draw B. drawing C. drew D. to draw 3. I have something important ____ you.
A. tell B. telling C. to tell D. told 4. The doctor was busy ____ on the boy at that time.
A. operate B. operating C. operated D. to operated 5. My father enjoys ____ to light music.
A. listen B. to listen C. listens D. listening 6. It is not easy ____ maths.
A. studies B. study C. to study D. studying 7. It was very late at night, but Mr. Brown still went on ____. A. works B. worked C. working D. work 8. “Stop ____ and listen to me carefully.” said the teacher.
A. to talk B. talk C. talking D. talks 9. We have worked for two hours. Now let’s stop ____ a break.
A. having B. had C. to have D. have 10. I really don’t know ____ the clock.
A. to repair B. to how repair C. how repair D. how to repair 11. He told me ____ on with the work.
A. to go B. going C. go D. went 12. The policeman told the boys ____ in the street.
A. to not play B. not play C. not to play D. don’t play 13. I won’t let you ____ that in this way.
A. to do B. do C. doing D. done 14. The boss made them ____ ten hours a day.
A. worked B. working C. work D. to work 15. I heard him ____ in the next room.
A. sings B. sang C. sung D. sing
16.It took Li Ming an hour his bike yesterday.(主语) A.to repair B.repairing C.repaired D.repair 17. It's important the piano well.(主语) A.of him to play B.for him to play C.of him playing D.for him playing 18. ---Do you like playing the piano? ---Yes, but I don't know play it well. A.what B.how C.what to D.how to 19. ---Don't forget my parents when you are in Beijing. ---OK! I won't.(宾语) A.to see B.see C.seeing D.to seeing
20. Mr. Brown asked us to stop , and we stopped to him at once. A.talking;to listen B.to talk;to listen C.talking;listening D.to talk;listening 21. I saw a UFO on the square in my dream.(宾补) A.to drop B.land C.wear D.to fly 22. Tom's mother asked him some washing after dinner.(宾补) A.to do B.does C.do D.did 23. Please help me my dog when I am not at home.(宾补)AD A.look after B.looked after C.looking after D.to look after 24. The girl was heard the piano in the next room.(宾补) A.plays B.to play C.played D.play
25.Chinese athletes did a great job in the Winter Olympics in Canada. It can encourage post-90s(90后) .(宾补) A.work harder B.worked harder C.working harder D.to work harder 26. I don't like to sit here nothing.(目的状语) A.doing B.do C.to do D.does 27. He is too old the box.(结果状语) A.to carry B.carrying C.carry D.carries 28. I'm sorry you.(原因状语) A.to trouble B.trouble C.troubling D.troubled 29. Please give me a pen .(定语) A.to write with B.to write C.for write D.written 30. We have two rooms , but I can't decide .(定语；宾语) A.to live;to choose which one B.lived;choose which one C.to live in;which one to choose D.live;which one 31. My job is you Japanese.(表语)
A.to teach B.teach C.teaches D.taught 二．用括号中动词的适当形式填空。
1．Could you please stop ________ (make) so much noise?
2. Chinese students spend too much time ___________ (study) every day. 3. I wish that dog would stop __________ (bark). It’s driving me mad. 4. Would you know what __________ (do) if an earthquake happened?
5. Jimmy is looking for a job. He hopes __________ (find) something soon. 6. Why don’t you ________ (move) to a larger apartment?
7. The old lady doesn’t allow __________ (smoke) in her house. But she allowed her grandson __________ (do) it yesterday.
8. You’ll never forget how _________ (ride) a bike once you have learned. 9. Have you finished ______ (read) the novel yet?
10. I’ve never been to Australia but I’d like __________ (go) there someday.
11. Why do you keep __________ (change) the channels? What on earth do you want to watch? 12. I have enjoyed __________ (meet) you. I hope __________ (see) you again soon.
初中英语语法动词不定式的专项练习（二）
1)填空
1. Don't forget _________ the letter.
A. to send B. send C. sending D. being sent
2. The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable to _________. A. sit B. sit on C. be sat D. be sat on 3. Is ______ necessary to return the book tomorrow? A. this B. that C. it D. which
4. I'm afraid they would not allow him ________ here. A. to smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. smoke 5. Mother told me ________ the water before I drank it. A. boiling B. boiled C. boil D. to boil 6. On my way home, I stopped _______ some food. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought
7. John was made _______ the car for a week as a punishment. A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing
8. The sitting-room needs _______, but it'll have to wait until Saturday. A. be cleaning B. to be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned 9. The first thing I want to do is __________.
A. visit to him B. to visit him C. visiting him D. visited him
10. Li Yang advised me _________ too much, otherwise I would have been drunk. A. not to drink B. to drink C. not drinking D. drinking 2)用动词的适当形式填空
1. I’m going to listen to the radio. Please ____（not talk）any more.
2. The students ____（do）their homework from four to five this afternoon.
3. The students ____（be）busy now. They ____（have）an English exam next Monday.
4. Mary must ____（look）after her little sister because she is too young. 5. ____（he）you waiting for a bus now？
6. This coat is very cheap. I ____（take）it now. 7. I’ll tell him about it when he ____（come）back.
8. Could you tell me how.I ____（can get）to No 3 Middle school.
9. He ____ said that the new teacher ____（give）the students an English lesson now. 10. I ____（milk）a cow three times.
11. Edison’s mother ____（teach）him herself. 12. He ____（watch）TV once a week.
13. Don’t speak loudly. The baby ____（sleep）.
14. I won’t go out until.I ____（finish）my homework. 15. Could you tell me when the train ____（arrive）.
16. I often hear the sound of children ____（read）English in the room. 17.He asked me ____（help）him with his English this evening. 18. Their work is ____（clean）the streets. 19. Did he enjoy ____（work）in China.
20. We will stay at home if it _____（rain）tomorrow. 21. Be quiet！ The boy ____（sing）an English song. 22. _____ you _____ your homework yet（start）？ 23. Who ____（teach）them English last term.
24. There _____（be）a telephone call for you just now. 25. Please keep everything ____（clean）.
26. Peter won’t have a rest until he ____（finish）his work.
27. I watched TV， so I ____（forget）_____（do）my homework. 28. When I ____（walk）along the river ，I met my friend，Tom. 29. When Mother came ，the little girl ____（play）with a cat.
30. When I was five，I _ __ _（get）to know the earth ____（move）around the sun.
31. They _____（see）a boy _____（fall）into the river while they ____（pass）it yesterday. 32. _____（study）hard at your lessons and（not talk）in class. 33. You _____（have）better _____（not eat）the bad food.
34. While I ____（do ）my homework，my parents ____（watch）TV. 35. He ____（ not finish）____（read）the book.
36. I ____（get）up very early this morning. I ____（read）English now. 37. He ____（hurry）to school every morning.
38. Our teacher ____（not stop）____（work）until eleven o’clock last night. 39. If he ____（know）it ，he ____（be）very happy.
40. It ____（take）us half an hour ____（read）English every day. 41. The children ____（run）in the street now.
42. There ____（be）two meetings tomorrow morning.
43. My father ____（sleep）when I ____（get）up this morning. 44. When I ____（go）to see Tom， he ____（not write）anything.
45. Sorry， when you ____（call）me， I ____（think）and ____（not hear）you. 46. Mr. Green ____（leave）his notebook at home yesterday. 47. I ____（want）to buy a new coat next Sunday.
48. His father ____（read）newspaper when I got there.
49. It ____（be）five years since he ____（buy）the motorbike. 50. We found it was very difficult ____（get）a car. 51. Mrs. Green hates ____（travel）by air.
52. We are too tired.let’stop ____（have）a good rest.
53. He ____（begin）to teach in our school about ten years ago. 54. She often ____（invite）me to her birthday party. 55. She ____（have）to leave now. Her mum is ill. 56. When is it sate ____（cross）the road’
57. My mother ____（bring）me to visit my aunt yesterday. 58. Noise makes us ____（feel）very bad.
59. Jim came ____（help）me with my lessons.
60. Everyone ____（laugh）at the woman’s mistake now.
61. Miss Yang ____（teach）in this school for about five years. 62. It’s very nice of you ____（say）so.
63. The plane ____（arrive）in twenty minutes. 64. _____（be）there a football match last week？ 65. What would you like ____（have）for supper？
66. Could you land me your bike’ Mine is ____（break）. 67. How long ____ your father ____（work）in the office. 68. Do you know when he ____（be）back’
69. It’s time for class. All the children stopped ____（play）football. 70. Do you mind my ____（trouble）you？ 71. Do you know he ____（go ）to Beijing.
72. Will you please ____（tell）the story in English. 73. Did he catch the bus or ____（miss）it last night.
74. My mother ____（work）at this school since it ____（open） 75. There ____（be）a shop near my home for several years.
76. What ____ your sister ____（do）when you _____（go）to see her yesterday？ 77. Ask him to call me as soon as he _____（reach）Shanghai.
78. The old man ____（lie）on the ground. Let’s go and see what’s the matter with him. 79. Don’t stop ____（have）a rest before you finish doing your work.
80. The dog _____（ eat）up all the food on the plate. Now there is nothing left. 81. Luckily I ____（catch）the early bus this morning.
82. Mr. Brown ____（do）about six hours of sport every week，and ____（eat）a lot of fruits and vegetables everyday.
83. My son says he ____（be）a doctor when he ____（grow）up. 84. You must finish the work before you ____（go）out.
85. If you see him tomorrow， ____（give）him this letter. 86. Jim ____（sick）since Monday.
87. They ____（stay）here for three days. 88.She called to see how he ____（be）。
89. ____ you ever ____（read）Lao She’s works when you were at school？ 90. I ____ just ____（arrive）when he left.
91. She ____（be）to Australia three times before she was twenty. 92. I said I ____（show）him the picture when I had finished it. 93. I ____（be）free next Sunday. 94. I ____（read）a novel at that time.
95. He ____（swim）in the river when it began to rain.
96. While she was shopping someone ____（come）to the house. 97. Give me some water ____（drink）. 98. He has no house ____（live）. 99. I went there ____（see）him.
100. He was kind enough ____（excuse）me. 101. He works hard ____（pass）the exam. 102. I’m sorry ____（have）kept you waiting. 103. He lived ____（see）his son a great man.
104. He must be very rich ___（buy）that big house. 105. This is too difficult _____（understand）. 106. English is not easy ____（learn）.
107. The picture had better ____（not be）put up on the wall.
108. Would you like ____（go ）out or would you rather stay here？ 109. The room is large enough for 100 people ____（have）a meeting in. 110. Music ____（love）by everybody in our small town. 111. The bridge ____（repair）now. 112. Let it ____（not touch）.
113. The book ____（write）by Lao She in 1948.
114. Don’t you notice that smoking ____（not allow）here？ 115. You must not go higher， or you ____（fall）.
116. We all went into the classroom when the bell ____（ring）.
117. You’d better leave now. Your pupils may ____（wait）for you at the school gate. 118. Do you think we shall ____（lose）the game the day after tomorrow？ 119. If you do so ，you ____（break）the rules.
120. The girl ____（ sing）a happy song and cake into the room. 121. The house ____（build）for about ten years.
122. When the room ____（shine）upon the river，the scene was very beautiful. 123. His father ____（leave）for Australia last night.
124. We ____（start）at eight if it ____（stop）raining by that time. 125. I didn’t know anything about it until you ____（tell）me.
126. I ____（have）my breakfast when the morning post came. 127. Yesterday a man ____（hit）my car.
128. A dog was found ____（lie）on the found. 129. A dog was found ____（die）on the ground.
130. When I ____（see）Mr. Smith tomorrow，I’ll tell he the good news.
131. Have the man started to work on your new house’ Yes， it ____（build）now. 132. They told me he ____（be）back tomorrow. 133This job can ____（do ）quite easily.
134. All the questions ____（answer）already.
135. The winds ____（blow）the clouds away before we went out for shopping. 136. The fish ____（taste）good.
137. Just at the moment his cat ____（drop）into the water. 138. You’d better have someone ____（repair）it for you. 139. I’m not afraid ____（speak）the truth.
140. You must take care ____（not catch）a cold. 141. He held the door open for us ____（enter）. 142. Water ____（freeze）at 0 centigrade.
143.I’ll phone you when I ____（arrive）there. 144. The train ____（leave）at ten thirty-two. 145. I ____（graduate）from school last year.
146. He ____（spend）all his childhood in Scotland.
147. ____ you ____（watch）TV at 8 o’clock yesterday evening. 148. I ____ never ____（see）a ghost.
149. He ____（be）in love four times in his lite. 150. His father ____（die）ten years ago. 151. His father ____（die）for ten years.
152. Great changes ____（take）place in my hometown these years. 153. It _____（rain）all the week. 154. He ____（work）all day.
155. I ____ only ____（know）Jane for two days. 156. He ____（work）for ages.
157. When I arrived at the station，the train ____ already ____（leave）. 158. I real led that I ____（meet）him somewhere before.
时态测验题 姓名_____________
第一部分
1 -He came early this morning, didn't he? -Yes, he did. He often___ to school early. A.come B.comes C. came D. has come 2 Ann ____ her hair every week.
A. is going to wash B. wash C. washes D. is washing 3 3.The sun ___ in the east and___ A. did… did B. did… gave C. didn't… did D. didn't… gave 17. This time yesterday Jack _____ his, bike. He _____ TV. A. repaired… didn't watch B. was repairing… watched C. repaired… watched D. was repairing… wasn't watching
18. We _____ for Tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us ______. A. were waiting… waiting B. were waiting… wait C. waited… waiting D. waited… wait
19. .My sister _____ the Youth League last year. She _____ a Youth League member for about a in the west.
A. raises; set B. rise; sets C. rises; sets D. rises; set 6 4.Our teacher will return by the time school________. A. will begin B. began C. is beginning D. begins 5. She will go if it ___ tomorrow.
A. isn't rain B. don't rain C. doesn't rain D. didn't rain 6. -_____ they often ___ these old men? -Yes, they___.
A. Do; help; are B.Are; helping; are C Do; help; do 7..I will tell him as soon as he _____ back A. come B. comes C. will come D. came 8.Peter _____ the work in a week.
A. have finished B. finishes C. is finishing D. will finish 9. Neither I nor he ______ French.
A. speak B. doesn't speak C. speaks D. doesn't speak 10. Nobody ______ how to run this machines. A . know B. have known C. knows D. is knowing
11. Some are ______ in the river and some are ______ games. A. swimming… playing B. swimming…plaiing C. swimming… I playing D. swimming…plaing
12.Look ! The boy students are ___ football while the girls are _____ . A. playing… dance B. playing… dancing
C. play… dancing D. play… dance试大-中考
13. I ______that the boy _____ with no tears in his eyes. A. noticed… cryed B. noticed… cried C. noticed…cried D. noticed… cryed
14. ______ a sports meet last Sunday ? Yes , they ______. A. Did they have… did B. Did they have… had C. Had they… had D. Had they… did
15. ____ you _____out for a walk after supper ? Yes, I ______. A. Did…went…went B. Did… go… went C. Did… went… did D. Did… go… did
16. You gave them a talk two days ago, _____you ? Yes, I ______. year now.
A. joined…has become B. joined…has been C. has joined…has been D. did join…had been 20.How long _____ your uncle ____ in the army ?
A. has…joined B. has…been C. does…join D. had…joined
21 .My sister _____ the Youth League last year. She _____ a Youth League member for about a year now.
A. joined…has become B. joined…has been C. has joined…has been D. did join…had been 22. Xu Ping ____ to Japan only once.
A. has gone B. had gone C. had been D. has been 23. At the age of eleven, my grandfather _____ to work in a factory. A. began B. has begun C. will begin D. begins 24.Father ____ his cap and went out.
A. put on B. puts on C. had put D. will put on Neither of us ______ a doctor.
A. were B. am C. is D. are 25. Mr Zhao doesn’t like swimming, _____?
A. didn’t he B. did he C. does he D. won’t he
第二部分
1 .My sister _____ the Youth League last year. She _____ a Youth League member for about a year now.
A. joined…has become B. joined…has been C. has joined…has been D. did join…had been 2. Neither of us ______ a doctor.
A. were B. am C. is D. are 3. Mr Zhao doesn’t like swimming, _____?
A. didn’t he B. did he C. does he D. won’t he 7. I don’t know if it _____ tomorrow.
A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rain 8. Nathan Hale ____ he ____ his life for his country.
A. said…give B. says…will give C. said…gives D. said…would give 10.Father ____ his cap and went out.
A. put on B. puts on C. had put D. will put on 11.How long _____ your uncle ____ in the army ?
A. has…joined B. has…been C. does…join D. had…joined 12.Peter _____ the work in a week.
A. have finished B. finishes C. is finishing D. will finish 14.Joan ____ me whether I _____ the book before.
A. asked…had read B. asked…shall read C. asked…would read D. asked…has read 18.Both of the two dictionaries ____ very useful.
A. are B. is C. was D. am 19. He _____ to me since last month.
A. didn’t write B. hadn’t written C. hasn’t written D. won’t write 20. Xu Ping ____ to Japan only once.
A. has gone B. had gone C. had been D. has been 21. Nobody ____ the answer.
A. have known B. knew C. didn’t know D. are knowing 22.______ you ever ____ to Nanjing ?
A. Have…gone B. Have…been C. Do…go D. Will …go 24. He ____ me he ____ an interesting book.
A. tell…would borrow B. told …will borrow C. tell…will borrow D. told …had borrowed 26. At the age of eleven, my grandfather _____ to work in a factory. A. began B. has begun C. will begin D. begins 27. Betty ____ morning exercises yesterday.
A. not did B. don't do C. didn’t do D. won’t do
28 .My sister _____ the Youth League last year. She _____ a Youth League member for about a year now.
A. joined…has become B. joined…has been C. has joined…has been D. did join…had been 29. Neither of us ______ a doctor.
A. were B. am C. is D. are
30. They _____ supper when we _____ into the room.
A. are having…went B. were having…go C. were having…went D. are having…go 31. Nathan Hale ____ he ____ his life for his country.
A. said…give B. says…will give C. said…gives D. said…would give 32..Father ____ his cap and went out.
A. put on B. puts on C. had put D. will put on 33.How long _____ your uncle ____ in the army ?
A. has…joined B. has…been C. does…join D. had…joined 34.Peter _____ the work in a week.
A. have finished B. finishes C. is finishing D. will finish 35..Joan ____ me whether I _____ the book before.
A. asked…had read B. asked…shall read C. asked…would read D. asked…has read 36. He _____ to me since last month.
A. didn’t write B. hadn’t written C. hasn’t written D. won’t write 37. Xu Ping ____ to Japan only once.
A. has gone B. had gone C. had been D. has been 38.______ you ever ____ to Nanjing ?
A. Have…gone B. Have…been C. Do…go D. Will …go 39. At the age of eleven, my grandfather _____ to work in a factory. A. began B. has begun C. will begin D. begins 40. ____ you ____ where your sister has gone ?
A. Did …know B. Will…know C. Are…know D. Do …know
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