一、动词不定式是动词的一种非限定形式，不受人称和数的变化限制，它是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成。
There is going to be a sports meeting in our school next week.下周我们学校将举行运动会。 1.考查动词不定式作宾语
有些动词，如hope, decide, ask, agree, wish, choose, would like等，一般只能用动词不定式作宾语，而确旨用动词-ing形式作宾语。 【真题再现】
①(2017江苏苏州)一Jack, why have you decided Chinese folk music as a course? 一To learn more about Chinese culture.
A. take B. taken C. taking D. to take 【解析】根据decide to do sth.结构确定选D。
② (2017山东临沂)Cindy's grandmother is learning the new mobile phone. A. use B. uses C. used D. to use 【解析】learn to do sth.意为“学做某事”。故选D。
【注意】用动词不定式(短语)作宾语时，如果其后有宾语补足语，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语之后，其句型为:主语+谓语+it十宾语补足语+动词不定式(短语)。
【真题再现】(2017湖北黄石)Chinese people find our duty to help develop African countries along the Belt and Road(一带一路).
A. it B. this C. that D. these
【解析】此空要用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为动词不定式短语to help develop African countries along the Belt and Road。故选A。 2.考查动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作定语时，与被它修饰的名词有动宾关系。
【真题再现】(2017甘肃天水)Sleeping is a popular way among students. A. relax B. relaxed C. relaxing D. to relax
【解析】此处是动词不定式to relax作后置定语，修饰名词way。故选D。
【注意】若动词不定式是不及物动词时，则要带上必要的介词，构成及物动词短语。 【真题再现】(2013四川凉山)When you move somewhere new, the first thing for you is to find a place .
A. to live B. living in C. to live in
【解析】live是不及物动词，a place是live的逻辑宾语，所以to live后要加上介词in才能作后置定语修饰place。故选C。 3.考查动词不定式作宾语补足语
有些动词，如ask, teach, want, tell, allow, warn, advise等可接带to的不定式作宾语补足语，即构成ask / teach / want / tell sb. to do sth.结构，其否定形式是在to前加not。 【真题再现】
① (2017四川遂宁)Our teacher often tells us time. A. not waste B. don't waste
C. not to waste D. doesn't waste
【解析】tell sb. (not) to do sth.意为“告诉某人(不要)做某事”。故选C。
② (2017湖北宜昌)一You'd better advise him anything out of the window while driving.
一I will. He has to know it's dangerous. A. not throwing B. no throwing C. not to throw D. don't throw
【解析】C。advise sb. (not) to do sth.意为“建议某人(不要)做某事”。
【注意】动词不定式用作使役动词(如let, make等，但get除外)及感官动词(如see, hear, watch, feel等)的宾语补足语时都不带to;在help后面作宾语补足语时，to可有可无。注意: 将其改为被动语态时，则要加上to(但let不能用于被动语态)。
【真题再现】 (2017湖南岳阳)Though he often made his little sister ，today he was made by her. A. cry; to cry B. cried; crying C. to cry; cry
【解析】主动语态make sb. do sth.结构中，用省掉to的动词不定式作宾补，所以第一空用动词原形cry。但在被动语态中“感、让、听、看”等动词后不省略动词不定式符号to，动词不定式作主语补足语，所以第二空填to cry。故选A。 4.考查动词不定式作主语
在许多情况下，动词不定式作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，而用it作形式主语，常构成“It is+形容词/副词+( for/of sb. ) +to do sth”结构。如:
【真题再现】(2017江苏泰州)－Was it necessary John some photos before the old man?
一I think so. In this way, he could protect himself later. A. of; taking B. for; taking C. of; to take D. for; to take
【解析】D。此句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to take some photos before the old man。另外，本题中的necessary仅仅是描述事物，不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价，介词要用for。故选D。 5.考查动词不定式作状语
动词不定式可以在句子中作目的、原因、方式和结果状语。 【真题再现】
① (2017吉林长春) Chinese culture, many college students go to foreign countries every year.
A. Spreading B. To spread C. Spreads D. Spread
【解析】根据句意“为了传播中国文化，许多大学生每年都去外国。”可知此空要用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。
② (2017甘肃天水)We'l1 do what we can the sick man. A. to help B. help
C. helps D. helped
【解析】此题易受can的误导而误选B。what we can是个宾语从句，作动词do的宾语。根据句意“我们将会尽我们所能帮助这位生病的男子。”可知此空要用动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。
6.“连接代(副)词十动词不定式”结构的用法
在英语中有些动词，如ask, know, learn, decide，tell等后可接“疑问代(副)词+不定式” 作宾语。如:
【真题再现】(2017江苏宿迁)The girl students are discussing the walls in the classroom.
A. what to paint color B. to paint what color C. which color to paint D. to paint which color
【解析】C。此空要用“连接代(副)词+动词不定式”结构，“哪一种”用疑问词which。正确答案是C。
二、在固定句式中动词不定式的考查
1. had better do sth.意为“最好做某事”，常用来向对方提建议，其否定式是had better not do sth.意为“最好不要做某事”。如:
【真题再现】(2016四川宜宾)It' s getting dark. You'd better out by yourself. It's dangerous.
A. not go B. not to go C. to go 【解析】根据had better (not) do sth.结构可确定选A。
2.Why not do sth.?意为“为什么不做……?”，也用来表示向对方提建议。 【真题再现】(2017四川广安)一Excuse me! Is there a supermarket near here? 一Sorry, I'm new here too. Why not the old lady over there?
A. asking B. ask C. asks D. to ask 【解析】B。根据“Why not do sth.?”可确定选B。
3. prefer to do sth.意为“更喜欢做某事”;would rather do sth. than do sth.意为“宁愿做……而不做……”。
【真题再现】(2017四川达州)一Do you prefer basketball with me? 一No, I'd rather at home and watch TV A. play; stay B. to play; to stay C. play; to stay D. to play; stay
【解析】D。根据prefer to do sth.和wou1d rather do sth.可确定选D。 4. be supposed to do sth.意为“应该破期望做某事”。
【真题再现】(2016甘肃天水)一I always can't help TV plays with my mobile phone when I'm studying.
一It's not a good habit. You are supposed to it. A. watching; correcting B. watch; correct C. watch; correcting D. watching; correct
【解析】can't help doing意为“情不自禁做某事”，第一空填watching。第二空根据be supposed to do sth.确定填correct。故选D。 5.在口语句式中考查。
【真题再现】(2017贵州黔西南)一Tomorrow is Saturday. Would you like to go cycling with me?
一
A. I like it very much. B. Yes, I would. C. Sure, I' d love to. D. I think so. 【解析】“Would you like to...?”的肯定回答是“Yes, I'd love/like to.”。故选C。 三、对一些易混结构的考查
1.有些动词后既可以接动词不定式作宾语，也可以接动词-ing形式作宾语，但所表达的意义不同，应注意区别。
remember / forget to do sth.记得/忘记要做某事;remember / forget doing sth.记得/忘记曾经做过某事
【真题再现】(2017湖北黄石) 一 Jack, remember off the lights when the home.
一OK, I won't forget, mom. A. turning; leaving
B. to turn; leave C. turning; left D. to turn; leaving
【解析】根据答语中的“I won't forget”可知，“关灯”这一动作是将来发生还未发生的， 应用不定式，when引导的时间状语从句应用一般将来时，“be动词+瞬间动词的-ing形式” 表示将要发生(现在进行表将来)，又主从句主语一致，从句中主语和be动词(you are)可省略。故选D。
2.在see, watch, find, feel等动词后，既可以接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，也可以接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，前者表示动作的全过程已结束，后者表示动作的一部分正在进行。
【真题再现】(2017江苏徐州)I saw Tom his key in the lock, turn it and open the door.
A. put B. putting C. puts D. to put
【解析】根据后半句“turn it and open the door”可知“把钥匙插进锁里”这个动作已结束了，要用动词原形。故选A。
3. stop to do sth.意为“停下来去做某事”，不定式作状语，表示目的;stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”，doing是stop的宾语，是要停止做的事情。
【真题再现】(2017江苏常州)一Why doesn't the surgeon stop lunch? 一Because he is too busy a dying patient in the operation room. A. to have; to save B. having; to save C. to have; saving D. having; saving
【解析】问句的意思是“为什么这名外科医生不停下来去吃午饭?”，所以第一空用stop to do sth.结构。第二空根据be busy doing sth.确定填saving。故选C。
4. regret to do sth.意为“很遗憾地/抱歉地做某事(事情还没有做)”; regret doing sth.意为“很遗憾后悔做了某事(为已经做过的事而感到后悔)”。
【真题再现】(2015湖北襄阳)一Did you talk back to your mother when you were a child? 一Yes. But now I realize I was wrong. I really regret that silly thing to my mum. A. do B. to do C. doing D. did 【解析】由“But now I realize I was wrong.”可知“我真后悔做了对妈妈顶嘴这件蠢事。”故选C。
5. used to do sth.意为“过去常做某事，曾经做某事”;be used to do sth.意为“被用来做某事”;be/get used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”。
【真题再现】(2017江苏泰州)Diana used to to work, but now she is used to because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit.
A. drive; walking B. drive; walk
C. driving; walk D. driving; walking 【解析】前一空用used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”。后一空用be used to doing sth.表示“习惯做某事。”故选A。 四、小试牛刀
1.一Do you have any places for the coming vacation? 一Sure. We decide Seacha in July.
A. visit B. visiting C. visited D. to visit 2.一I'm sorry, Miss Green. I left my math book at home.
一It down' t matter. Please remember it here tomorrow. A. taking B. to take C. bringing D. to bring
3. As a volunteer, the girl wants to visit sick kids in the hospital them up. A. to cheer B. cheer
C. cheering D. cheered
4. Doctors in the town are using the books their studies and treat patients. A. continue B. to continue C. continuing D. continues
5. Mom does all the housework so that Sarah can take the time her words on paper. A. put B. putting C. to put D. puts
6. We only planne the play for an hour, but in the end, we stayed for three hours. A. watch B. watches C. to watch D. watched 7.一Mario, your mobile phone is ringing.
一Wait a minute. It' s dangerous for us it while crossing the street. A. answering B. to answer C. answer D. answered 8.一I didn't hear you come in just now.
一That's good. I tried the baby up.
A. to wake B. not to wake C. waking D. not wake
9. Our English teacher wants us English stories out of class. A. read B. reading C. to read D. to reading
10. For more than once, our head teacher asks us the habit of keeping a diary. A. develop B. develops C. developing D. to develop
11. The child is crying. Please do something to make him . A. stop to cry B. stop crying C. to stop crying D. to stop crying
12. Vivian refuses her children to the weekend training centre for extra classes A. to send B. sending C. sent D. sends
13. Whenever we kids come over, Auntie Susan just stands there and watches us sure we don't break anything.
A. make B. made C. to make D. making
14. The headmaster warns us the school rules, or we'l1 be punished. A. to break B. not to break C. breaking D. don't break
15. Dick in America, but he has been Chinese food since he moved to China. A. used to live; used to eating B. is used to live; used to eat C. is used to live; used to eating D. used to living; used to eat
16. My parents have a lot of housework .
A. do B. to do C. doing D. done
17. In some African countries, children are made heavy work because their parents have died.
A. doing B. done C. do D. to do 18.一Would you like to go swimming in the river, John?
一Swim? Sorry, our teachers always tell us in the river alone. A. don't swim B. to not swim C. not swimming D. not to swim 19.一My uncle is against wasting anything.
一No wonder he would rather the old bike than a new one. A. repair; to buy B. to repair; buy C. repair; buy D. to repair; to buy
20. We must do everything we can waste water from running into rivers. A. prevent B. prevented
C. preventing D. to prevent
参考答案
1-10 DDABCCBBCD 11-20 BACBABDDCD
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