Section_ⅡWarming_Up_&_Reading_—_Language_Points
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对 Ⅰ.基础词汇 1.abusen．&vt. 滥用；虐待 2.banvt. 禁止；取缔 n. 禁令；谴责 3.dueadj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的 4.toughadj. 困难的；强硬的 5.quitvt. 停止(做某事)；离开 6.breathlessadj. 气喘吁吁的；屏息的 7.desperateadj. 绝望的；拼命的 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1.stressn．压力；重音vt.加压力于；使紧张；强调→stressfuladj.产生压力的；紧张的 2.adolescentn．青少年→adolescencen．青春期 adj.青春期的记得快·记得多 1.“禁止与允许”家族 ①禁止：ban, forbid, prohibit ②允许：allow, permit 2.各年龄段的人 ①婴儿：baby ②小孩：kid/child ③青少年：youth/teenager/adolescent ④成人：adult ⑤中年人：a middle-aged person ⑥老年人：senior citizen/the elderly/the aged 3.abuse n．&vt. 滥用；虐待 [词块] ①child abuse 虐待儿童 ②alcohol/drug abuse 酗酒/滥用药品(毒品) ③abuse one's power/position 滥用权力/职3.addictedadj.入了迷的；上了瘾的→addict 位 n．对……有瘾的人→addictive adj.使人上瘾的 4.accustomvt.使习惯于→accustomedadj.惯常的；习惯了的 5.withdrawaln．收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程→withdraw vt.收回；撤退 6.automaticadj.无意识的；自动的→automaticallyadv.无意识地；自动地 7.mentaladj.精神的；智力的→mentallyadv.精神上；智力上→physical adj.身体的 8.effectn．结果；努力→effective adj.有效的；有影响的→effectively adv.有效地→affect vt.影响 4.quit v．离开；辞去 [词块] quit office/school 辞职/退学 5.effect n．效果；作用 [派生] effective adj.有效的 [联想] affect vt.影响 [词块] side effect 副作用 6.-ist结尾的常见名词 ①scientist 科学家 ②chemist 化学家 ③physicist 物理学家 ④educationist 教育家 ⑤violinist 小提琴家 ⑥pianist 钢琴演奏9.abnormaladj.畸形的；异常的→normal (反义词) 家
adj.正常的 ⑦journalist 记者；新闻工作者 10.unfitadj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的→fit 7.addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的 adj.健康的 11.strengthenvt.加强；巩固；使坚强vi.变强→strength n．力量 12.disappointedadj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointment n．失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的 13.ashamedadj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n．羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的 二、这样记短语 记牢固定短语 1.due_to 由于…… 2．addicted_to对……有瘾 3．accustomed_to习惯于…… 4．decide_on对……作出决定 5．feel_like_(doing)想要(做)…… 6．give_up放弃；戒掉 7．over_and_over_again 再三地；反复地 8．do_damage_to_...对……造成伤害/损伤 9．throw_away扔掉；拋弃 10．instead_of代替；而不是 三、这样记句式
先背熟 1.It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon. 这好像很惊奇吧，在我这样的年纪，仍然身体足够健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑20千米。 it seemed＋adj.＋that ...“……看起来……”。 再悟通 At would crash. 从某种程度上看，飞机坠毁看起来是比较肯定的。 后仿用 one point, 多积常用词块 1.a long bike ride 骑自行车跑了很长一段路 2．cycle 20 kilometres 骑车跑20千米 3．in two weeks' time 再过两个礼拜 4．my long and active life 我长寿而且精力充沛的生活 5．get withdrawal symptoms 有断瘾症状 6．feel bad-tempered 感到烦躁 7．feel good 感觉良好 8．turn yellow 变黄 9．enjoy sport 喜爱运动 10．on the Internet 在网上 [派生] addict n．有瘾的人 [词块] a work addict 工作狂 8.mental adj.精神的；智力的 [派生] mentally adv.精神上；智力上 [联想] ①physical adj.身体的 ②physically adv.身体上 it_seemed_certain_that their plane 2. ... you started smoking some find it ＋adj.＋to do We time ago and now you are finding sth. “发现做某事find_it_necessary_to_work_hard to
it difficult to give it up. ……你不久前开始吸烟了，而且现在你发现很难把它戒掉。 3.When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, 很……”。 achieve our dream. 我们发现很有必要努力工作来实现我们的梦想。 I knew it was time to quit it was time to do sth. smoking. 当我因为身体不健康而被学校足球队除名时，我知道该是戒烟的时候了。 ①do hope为强调结4.I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have. 我的确希望如此，因为我想让你能像我这样活得健康长寿。 5.Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a 时间名词短语every time作连词。 non-smoker. 每次你想吸烟的时候，要提醒自己你是一个不吸烟的人。 构，do常用来强调谓语动词。 ②“as＋adj.＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋as ...”结构。 “是该做某事的时间了”。 Mum it_was_time_to_wash_hands have lunch. said and 妈妈说洗手吃饭的时间到了。 Although Tom was_as_heavy_a_smoker_as_me,_he did_give_up smoking last year. 尽管汤姆和我一样是个“老烟枪”(a heavy smoker)，但他去年确实戒烟了。 Every_time_I_meet_him,_he always wears a smile. 我每次遇见他，他总是面带微笑。
1．stress n．压力；重音；重要性vt.加压力于；使紧张；强调 (1)under stress put sb. under great stress lay/place/put stress on sth. (2)stress the importance of (3)stressful adj. 在压力之下 使某人感到沉重的压力 强调某事物 强调……的重要性 有压力的 ①One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.(2015·浙江高考单选)
减少压力最有效的方式之一就是与你信任的人聊聊感受。
②Mary's been under a lot of stress since her mother was ill. 玛丽自从母亲生病后一直压力很大。
③He stressed the importance ofa good education.
→He laid/placed/put_stress_on the importance of a good education. 他强调了良好教育的重要性。
2．(教材P17)Do you think smoking should be banned? 你认为吸烟应该被禁止吗？ ban vt.禁止；取缔n.禁令；谴责 (1)ban ... from sth./doing sth. (2)put/place a ban on ... a ban on ... 禁止做某事 禁止…… 关于……的禁令 ①There isa ban on smoking in the public places. 在公众场合有不吸烟的禁令。
②They banned visitors from smoking (smoke) in the building. 他们禁止来访者在大楼内吸烟。
③The government put a ban on the sale of that drug. 政府禁止售卖那种药物。
3．(教材P18)I think my long and active life must be due tothe healthy life I live. 我想我(之所以)长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我过的健康生活。 due to由于……；因为
①His success is entirelydue tohard work. 他的成功完全是努力工作的结果。
②Mistakes due_to_carelessness may have serious consequences. 由于疏忽大意造成的错误可能带来严重的后果。
③Many people had to move out of their original living places due_to_the_flood caused by heavy rain this summer.
今年夏天由于大雨造成的洪水，很多人只好从他们的最初生活地搬了出来。 [名师点津] due to可在句中作表语、定语或状语；作状语时不可置于句首。 due adj. be due to do sth. be due to sb. be due for sth. 欠款的；预定的；到期的 预定/计划(做)某事 应支付/给予/归于某人 应用某物；应得到某物 ④The boat is due to_arrive (arrive) at 12.
船预计在12点到。 ⑤Ten dollars is due to you. 我应付你10美元。
⑥The car is due for its annual service again. 这辆汽车又应该到了一年一度的保养期了。
4．(教材P18)You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addictedto cigarettes. 你知道，当我还是一个十几岁的孩子的时候，我也吸过烟，而且对烟还上了瘾。 addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的 (1)be/become addicted to (doing) sth. (2)addict vt. n. addict oneself to (doing) sth. 沉溺于(做)某事 沉溺于(做)某事；专心(做)某事 使上瘾 有瘾的人 ①People who are addicted to shopping should break this habit. 购物成瘾的人应该改掉这个习惯。
②Many kids addict themselves to surfing (surf) the Net, and so they have lost interest in study.
很多孩子沉迷于上网，因此他们对学习失去了兴趣。
5．(教材P18)This means that after a while your body becomes accustomedto having nicotine in it.
这就是说， 过一段时间以后， 你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。 accustomed adj. 经常的；惯常的；习惯了的 (1)be/get/become/grow accustomed to (doing) sth. (2)accustom vt. accustom oneself/sb./sth. to 习惯于(做)某事 使习惯于 使……习惯于 ①She took her accustomedseat by the window. 她坐在窗边常坐的座位上。
②Most developed nations have become dependent on digital technology simply because they've grown accustomed to it. 大多数发达国家已经完全地依赖于数码技术，因为他们已经习惯了这种技术。 ③He quickly accustomed_himself_to this new way of life.
他很快就习惯了这种新的生活方式。
6．(教材P18)I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit. 我(之所以)上瘾共有三个方面的原因，因此，要戒烟就很难。 quit vt.(quit/quitted；quit/quitted)停止(做某事)；离开 quit office/school quit doing sth. ①He quit schoolat 15 and left home. 他15岁辍学后离开了家。
②You must quit smoking (smoke). Most important of all, you should start taking exercise. 你必须戒烟，最重要的是，你应该开始运动。
7．(教材P18)When I was young, I didn't know much about the harmfuleffectsof smoking. 在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道得并不多。 effect n. 结果；效力
离职/退学 放弃/停止做某事
①The measures taken by the local government willcome into effectnext month. 当地政府采取的措施将下月生效。
②It won't be easy to put the changes into effect. 把这些变化落到实处不是件容易的事。
③Great scientific achievements will have a positive effect on our life as well as society. 重大的科技成果将对我们的生活和社会产生积极的影响。
8．(教材P19)Every time youfeel likesmoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.
每次你想吸烟的时候，要提醒自己你是一个不吸烟的人。 feel like想要；摸上去像；感到像 写出下列句中feel like的含义 ①Do youfeel like swimming？想要 ②Ifeel like catching a cold.感到像 ③Itfeels like a snake.摸上去像
feel like doing sth. 想要某物/想要做某事
④I feel like trying (try) out this new approach to solve the problem. 我想试验一下这个新方法来解决问题。
[名师点津] feel like后跟动名词作宾语，而would like后跟动词不定式作宾语。 9．(教材P19)If you feel desperate, you might like to talk to a doctor or chemist about something to help you, like nicotine chewing gum.
如果你的确感到很绝望，你还可以找一个医生或药剂师来谈谈关于帮助你的一些事情，如嚼含尼古丁的口香糖等。
desperate adj. 绝望的；拼命的 be desperate for be desperate to do sth. ①He's desperate forsuccess. 他极渴望成功。
②Those prisoners are desperate to_get (get) freedom. 那些囚犯极其希望得到自由。
10．(教材P19)Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times before you finally stop smoking.
如果你不得不尝试多次戒烟才能最终把它戒掉，你也不要失望。 disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的
极想某物 极想做某事
①He was disappointed that other guests were not coming. 其他客人没有来，他感到失望。 ②I'm really disappointed with/in you, Tom. 我对你很失望，汤姆。
③I was disappointed at not finding her at home. 我发现她不在家，感到很失望。
④I was completely disappointed to_hear (hear) that. 听到那个消息后我很失望。 disappoint vt. disappointing adj. disappointment n.
使失望；使沮丧；使(希望、计划等) 落空；挫败 令人失望的；扫兴的(形容事) (不可数)失望；挫折
to one's disappointment 使人失望的是 ⑤To his parents'disappointment,_their disappointing son always makes them disappointed at his disappointing performance.(disappoint)
令父母失望的是，他们令人失望的儿子总是因他的令人失望的表现使他们失望。 11．(教材P19)If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed. 如果你意志薄弱而吸了一支烟，不要感到羞愧。 ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的 (1)be/feel ashamed of be ashamed to do sth. (2)shame n. It's a shame/pity that ... What a shame/pity! 因……感到惭愧 耻于做某事 羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事 ……真让人遗憾 真可惜！ ①John felt ashamed after he was teased by some kids. 在被一些孩子取笑后，约翰感到羞愧。
②You should be_ashamed_of failing to finish the task. 你应因没完成任务而感到惭愧。
③He is ashamed to_let (let) me know what he has done. 他不好意思让我知道他做的事。
④It's a shame that you live at such a distance; otherwise we could see each other often. 真遗憾你住那么远，否则我们就可以经常见面了。 ⑤What_a_shame/pity! She should fail this round. 真可惜！这一轮她竟然败下来了。
1．When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking.
当我因为身体不健康而被学校足球队除名时，我知道该是戒烟的时候了。 (1)It is/was time to do sth.是该做某事的时候了。 ①It is high time to makean adjustment. 到了该做出调整的时候了。
(2)It's (high/about) time＋that sb. did/should do ... 到了某人做……的时间了。
②It is high time that we said/should_say (say) goodbye. 到了我们说再见的时候了。
(3)It/This was the first/second ... time that ...(从句用过去完成时) It/This is the first/second ... time that ...(从句用现在完成时) 这是……第一/二……次……
③This is the first time that I have_been (be) away from my home for such a long time. 这是我第一次离开家这么长时间。
④This was the second time that I had participatedin the 100-meter race. 这是我第二次参加100米比赛。
2．I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have. 我的确希望如此，因为我想让你能像我这样活得健康长寿。
(1)“do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实；的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下条件：
1句子是肯定句；
2句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。
①If you have a job, do devote yourself to it and finally you will succeed. 如果你有一份工作，务必要全力以赴地去做，最终你会成功的。 ②To my great joy, the plant did_look exactly like what we were looking for. 使我非常高兴的是，这棵植物看起来的确像是我们正在寻找的那种。
(2)句中使用了一个比较级结构：so/as＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.＋as，意为“和……一样……”。 ①The young man hopes to liveas simple a life as his grandpa. 这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过俭朴的生活。 ②I have read as_interesting_a_book_as you have read. 我读的书和你读的书一样有趣。
[名师点津] 类似此句型的用法的还有：too/so/how＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.。 ③Mr. Murphy is so_good_a_teacher that he can get across these problems. 墨菲先生是位好老师，他能说明这些问题。
④It is too_difficult_a_job for me to finish in so short a time. 在如此短的时间内完成工作对我太难了。
3．Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker. 每次你想吸烟的时候，要提醒自己你是一个不吸烟的人。
(1)句中的every time用作连词，用来引导时间状语从句，意为“每次/每当……”。 ①Every time we made mistakes in our homework, he would ask us to correct them. 每当我们在作业中出错的时候，他总是要我们改正。
②Every_time I see the old man in the park, he is absorbed in reading papers. 每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报。
(2)引导时间状语从句的名词短语和副词还有： (1)the first time each time next time any time last time by the time (2)the moment/the minute/the instant (3)immediately/instantly/directly 一……就…… 一……就…… 第一次…… 每次…… 下次……时 任何时候 上次……时 到……为止 ③The_first_time I interviewed him, he looked a bit nervous. 我第一次去采访他时，他看起来有点紧张。
④The moment/minute/instant I came into the classroom, I saw the sentence on the blackboard.(2014·山东高考写作)
我一走进教室就看到了黑板上的句子。
⑤He paid back the money he owed us immediately/instantly/directly he returned home. 他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还上了。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The students here are_banned (ban) from bringing cell phones back to school. 2．Last year, he was_addicted (addict) to computer games. 3．I have accustomed myself to working long hours. 4．I wish you'd quit complaining (complain)． 5．The national football team is desperate for a win. 6．I don't feel like arguing (argue) with them. 7．I was disappointed to_see (see) what had happened. 8．I am not ashamed to_do (do) such a thing, for it benefits every one of us. 9．Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress. 10．We wanted him to have as full a life as possible, no different from what we wanted for our other two sons.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．The English teacher stressed_the_importance_of learning English well.
英语老师强调了学好英语的重要性。
2．People are_banned_from_parking in these places. 在这些地方禁止停车。
3．Mr Black dropped out of politics due_to_poor_health. 布莱克先生由于身体不佳而退出政治(生涯)。
4．Addicted_to_playing_the_violin,_he didn't find a thief walk into his house. 他醉心于拉小提琴，没有注意到小偷进屋。 5．I am_accustomed_to_getting_up_early for exercise. 我习惯了这么早起床进行晨练。
6．It_is_time_for_you_to_take/It_is_time_that_you_should_take/took effective measures. 是你该采取有效措施的时候了。
7．(2013·重庆高考写作)I am writing to tell you that the finless porpoise is becoming extinct because humans' activities have_a_bad_effect_on_them. 我写信告诉你中国长江江豚正面临灭绝，因为人类的活动对它们产生了不利的影响。 8．Lydia doesn't_feel_like_studying_abroad. Her parents are old. 莉迪亚不想在国外学习，她的父母年纪都很大了。
9．She does_speak_French_very_well;_she must have been to France. 她法语确实说得很好；她肯定去过法国。
10．Every_time_I_express_an_opinion,_she always argues back. 每当我发表意见时，她总是反驳。
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．More and more people cannot bear the stress (压力) of modern life. 2．According to the law, drivers who are drunk are banned (禁止) from driving. 3．This warm weather is abnormal (不正常的) for February.
4．He was so addicted (入了迷的) to computers that his parents were worried about him much.
5．This is a hospital for those people who suffer mental (精神的) diseases. 6．This activity helps strengthen (加强) memory and build trust.
7．She has become accustomed (习惯了的) to climbing the mountain every day. 8．Without any aid, the situation in this country will be desperate (绝望的)． 9．She was disappointed (失望的) at the disappointing result.
10．As for you, you ought to be ashamed (感到惭愧的) of what you have done. Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Father always puts a lot of stress to good table manners.to→on 2．There is ban on the use of chemical weapons in the war.ban前加a 3．Her son addicted to smoking, which had a bad effect on his health.addicted后加himself或在其前加was
4．I accustom myself to get up late, and I always feel sleepy.get→getting 5．It's reported that this regulation will come into an effect from September 1.去掉an 6．To our disappointed, it rained every day of the trip.disappointed→disappointment 7．It's shame that he wasn't admitted by Beijing University.shame前加a 8．She often says that she feels like read books in her spare time.read→reading Ⅲ.选词填空
due to， addicted to， accustomed to， decide on， feel like， over and over again， do damage to， instead of 1．He was addicted_to drinking because of work pressure. 2．Finally we decided_on the plan we should carry out. 3．Due_to the extreme cold, we couldn't go out to have a picnic. 4．The old man likes telling us his life story over_and_over_again. 5．The heavy rain did great damage_to the crops there. 6．Surrounded by positive people, you will keep focused on what you can do instead_of what you can't.
7．It is sunny today, and we feel_like going out to have a walk. 8．We are usually accustomed_to having a get-together every other week. Ⅳ.课文语法填空
It's easy for you to start smoking, but once you become 1.addicted (addict) to it, you may find it difficult to quit. Firstly, you may become 2.physically (physical) addicted to nicotine, a harmful chemical that consists in cigarettes. Secondly, you may develop the habit of smoking and become mentally addicted to it, 3.believing (believe) that you will only feel good when you smoke. Smoking may have all kinds of harmful effects 4.on the health of 5.both the smokers themselves and non-smokers around them. It not only affects your physical fitness, but also does harm 6.to your heart and lungs and causes a variety of diseases. Being 7.a smoker, the offensive smell and appearance of you may drive people around you away. So, it's important that one quit 8.smoking (smoke) and live a healthier life. To quit smoking, you should be well-prepared 9.and make a list of all the benefits you may get after quitting. Developing some new habits like listening to music, reading novels or 10.doing (do) housework may distract your attention and help you give up
smoking.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
越来越多的孩子整日沉溺于(be addicted to)网络游戏，这会对他们有很坏的影响(have a bad effect on)。一旦他们养成这个习惯，就不容易摆脱掉(quit)，这让他们不能适应(accustom)日常生活。在我看来，老师和家长都应该强调(stress the importance of)学习的重要性，禁止(ban)他们玩这样的网络游戏。
More_and_more_children_are_addicted_to_the_Internet_games_all_day,_which_will_have_a_bad_effect_on_them._Once_they_form_the_habit,_they_won't_quit_it_easily,_which_can't_accustom_them_to_the_daily_life._In_my_opinion,_the_teachers_and_parents_should_stress_the_importance_of_study,_and_ban_them_from_playing_such_Internet_games. 二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
When I smoked with my family, I would feel so __1__ and good that nothing else in the world seemed so __2__. I thought that smoking weed (烟草) was okay since many of my family members and people at my school smoked. __3__ ever happened to them. __4__ I started smoking weed a lot more during lunch and after school. I never thought __5__ of it. At that time I just wanted to smoke. Then I began to __6__ in school. I would __7__ classes, come home late and spend all my money. I would spend __8__ 8 to 18 dollars a day. I never thought __9__ about the bad effect that marijuana (大麻) had on those things. Maybe my coming to class high (神志恍惚) was the reason why I was failing or coming home late. As I continued to smoke marijuana, I began to notice that I would always have the strong desire to smoke and that I would get __10__ cigarettes if I smoked those, but I don't. __11__ I have learned more about marijuana, I have __12__ the amount of marijuana that I use. I don't want marijuana to be the most important in my life. I'm not smoking every day, and not spending as much money. Since I have __13__ on my habit, I am __14__ more money. I'm ready to go back to school and do good, so that I can make myself __15__. Everyone is always saying how weed __16__ your mind and how it solves problems. I think it only brings more __17__. Marijuana is not good for your body or your brain. I'm not trying to tell you not to smoke; I'm just letting you know that marijuana can be __18__ to your health, and that __19__ it may cause some long-term negative effects. Stop smoking now, before it is too late. I don't want to lecture anyone, but just __20__ my experience with you. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己最初对烟草非常痴迷，早年因为吸烟而导致经济上、学业上及精神上的问题，由此作者意识到烟草的危害并开始戒烟。作者将自己的亲身经历与大家分享，想让所有的人都认识到吸烟的不良影响。
1．A.worried C．disappointed
B．relaxed D．stressed
解析：选B 根据后文的“and good”可推知，当时作者对吸烟的态度应该是肯定的，认为吸烟是好事，并能让他感到放松。
2．A.important C．interesting
B．common D．funny
解析：选A 从文章第12空后的“I don't want marijuana to be the most important in my life.”可知，作者当初认为吸烟是生命中非常重要的事情。
3．A.Something C．Nothing
B．Everything D．Anything
解析：选C 作者坚持吸烟的原因之一是他并没有看到周围的人因为吸烟而出事。 4．A.By the way C．In my opinion
B．Now and then D．For a time
解析：选D by the way“顺便说一下”；now and then“不时；时而”；in my opinion“在我看来”；for a time“一段时间”。根据后文的“At that time”可知此处是指“一段时间”。
5．A.too much C．too often
B．a little D．any more
解析：选A 作者起初对吸烟的态度是积极的，所以当他在午饭期间以及放学后吸烟量增大时也没有对此过多考虑。
6．A.get ahead C．come across
B．fall behind D．make up
解析：选B 根据后文的描述“I never thought __9__ about the bad effect that marijuana (大麻) had on those things.”可知，吸烟已经影响到了作者的学习。get ahead“取得进步”；fall behind“落后”；come across“偶遇”；make up“编造；化妆”。结合语境可确定答案为B项。
7．A.give C．attend
B．have D．cut
解析：选D 根据后文的“come home late and spend all my money”可知，吸烟影响了作者的生活。cut classes意为“旷课”，此处是吸烟对作者学习的影响。
8．A.at least C．no more than
B．at most D．as little as
解析：选A 根据前文的“spend all my money”可知，作者花在吸烟上的钱并不少，每天至少要8至18美元。at least“至少”；at most“最多”；no more than“只有；仅仅”；as little as“和……一样少”。
9．A.once C．again
B．twice D．further
解析：选B 尽管吸烟对作者的学习和生活影响很大，但当时作者考虑得并不多。think twice about sth.“三思而行，慎重考虑后再决定”。
10．A.used to C．lost in
B．paid for D．ready for
解析：选C 根据后文“... if I smoked those, but I don't.”可知，当时作者已经意识到吸烟对自己的学习和生活产生的影响，如果继续吸烟的话，作者就会沉溺其中。get used to“习惯于”；get paid for“因……而被付给钱”；get lost in“沉迷于；热衷于”；get ready for“为……做好准备”。
11．A.As if C．Now that
B．Even if D．As long as
解析：选C 既然作者已经意识到了吸烟的危害，于是他开始控制吸烟的量。as if“好像”；even if“即使”；now that“既然”；as long as“只要”。
12．A.reduced C．decided
B．increased D．continued
解析：选A 从后文“I'm not smoking every day, and not spending as much money.”可以看出，作者在有意识地减少吸烟的量。reduce“降低；减少”。
13．A.broken down C．turned off
B．cut down D．cut off
解析：选B break down“(机器等)出故障；(身体)垮掉；失败”；cut down“减少；消减”；turn off“关掉(电源等)”；cut off“切断”。由于作者意识到了吸烟的危害，所以尽量少吸烟。由此可知答案为B。
14．A.wasting C．making
B．spending D．saving
解析：选D 既然烟吸得少了，钱自然能节省一些。 15．A.less C．better
B．more D．worse
解析：选C 根据前文可知，作者做好了回到学校的准备，并想要好好表现，所以此处应为使自己变得更好。
16．A.excites C．repairs
B．fills D．destroys
解析：选A 根据后文的“and how it solves problems”可知，有的人在鼓吹吸烟的好处。 17．A.problems C．convenience
B．pleasure D．excitement
解析：选A 结合前文作者对吸烟的危害的亲身体验以及后文的“Marijuana is not good
for your body or your brain.”可知，作者现在意识到吸烟只会带来危害。
18．A.helpful C．dangerous
B．useful D．strange
解析：选C 作者意在警告人们注意吸烟所带来的危害。dangerous意为“危险的”，符合作者的意图。
19．A.in the beginning C．in the long run
B．in the distance D．in the past
解析：选C in the beginning“起初；首先”；in the distance“在远处”；in the long run“从长远来看”；in the past“在过去”。根据后文的long-term negative effects“长期的消极影响”可知选C项。
20．A.tell C．regret
B．explain D．share
解析：选D 作者写这篇文章的目的在于让大家知道他的经历。share sth. with sb.意为“与某人分享某物”。
Ⅱ.短文改错
When it comes to the TV, there will be different word in different people's minds. Some people think that watch TV is a good way to relax. Firstly, we can broaden our horizons or know more about the world by watching latest news and reports. Secondly, watching TV is a good way to kill our spare time. Finally, we can predict that may happen in the future and be prepared.
Therefore, every coin has its two sides. There is also disadvantages of watching TV. Not only do it do harm to our eyesight, but it also has a bad affect on our studies and everyday life. Definitely, TV plays a big role in our life. We should treat to it in a right way.
答案：第一句：word→words 第二句：watch→watching
第三句：or→and; watching后加the 第五句：that→what
第六句：Therefore→However 第七句：is→are
第八句：第一个do→does; affect→effect 第十句：去掉to
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容