考研英语(短文写作)模拟试卷136(题后含答案及解析)

考研英语（短文写作）模拟试卷136 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Describe the pictures. 2. Deduce the purpose of the painter in the pictures. 3. Suggest counter-measures.

正确答案： These two pictures display a sharp contrast: there were a lot of fish with one fishing boat in the sea in 1900 while the situation was just the opposite in 1995. Obviously, the fishing industry has been facing a major problem, with all the ocean resources being exhausted so quickly. The painter is not exaggerating or joking about commercial fishing. On the contrary, he is seriously warning us that our ways of thinking and doing things are unreasonable and dangerous. Our resources are limited and our ecosystem needs careful consideration and protection. If we only care about the present, we will suffer in the future. It’ s just like building friendship and saving money: the more you put into it, the more you can get; the more you take out, the less it is left. Measures should be taken if such disappointing situation is to be avoided. I suggest that government make laws and regulations to guide and supervise people’ s fishing activity, punishing those who only care about their own interest and bring harm to others and the environment. I also appeal to the public that money is not the only thing we should pursue and fish is not the only food we can eat. Whether for the benefit of the human race or for the interest of our own, we should show concern for others and make plans for the future. Only in this way can we live happily and affluently.

解析： 按照试题的三条要求可顺理成章地将短文分成三个自然段。第一段抓住要点，在全面理解作者创作意图的基础上描述图画内容。第二段先在第二句点出主题our ways of thinking and doing things areunreasonable and dangerous．接着具体到人类的索取要充分考虑环境的承载能力。第三段结合提纲集中讨论应对的措施。如政府制定法律和作者呼吁公众改变错误观念等。段末表明了作者的美好愿望。 知识模块：短文写作

2． [A] Study the following graphs carefully and write an essay in at least 150 words. [B] Your essay must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points) [C] Your essay should cover these three points: 1. effect of the country’s growing human population on its wildlife 2. possible reason(s) for the effect 3. your suggestion for wildlife protection

正确答案： It is clear from the first graph that the two hundred years from 1800 to 2000 saw a continuous increase in American population. In the second graph we can see that about 70 wildlife species had become extinct in a span of three hundred years and the situation was especially serious from 1800 to 1900, with about 50 to 60 species disappearing from the planet. With those two graphs, we can conclude that the growth of population in the United States is closely related to the drop in the number of wild species. In other words, the population explosion has given rise to the mass destructive effect on the wildlife. As we all know, the

problem of the extinction of wildlife results from several factors. In the first place, the ever increasing population has taken up a large area of space, which used to be the home of many kinds of wildlife. Besides, the process of urbanization and industrialization has driven many kinds of wildlife away from their shelter to other places where they cannot survive due to the harsh environment. Concerning the extinction of the wildlife, some actions should be taken to tackle this problem. First of all, population should be controlled within a reasonable range with effective measures. Moreover, efforts should be made to protect our environment. In a word, it is not easy to find a solution to this frustrating problem.

解析： 本文从结构上说，紧扣提纲，分为三段。第一段采用了先分后总的写作方法，先描写两幅图，进而做出比较，在段末得出两幅图之间的联系，这也是第一段的主题句。主题句出现在段落末尾还有一个好处，就是可以达到承上启下的作用，为第二段进一步深入论述这一现象的原因做准备。第二段承接上段，开头点明主题：这一现象的产生有几个原因。第三段段首为主体句，段落中提出两个建议，段尾进行总结，与段首形成呼应。 知识模块：短文写作

3． [A] Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words. [B] Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points) [C] Your essay should meet the requirements below: 1. Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon. 2. Give your comments.

正确答案： Whoever sees this cartoon can’t help laughing. How funny it is—A hen is holding a notice promising that her eggs would be round and surely would contain everything a normal egg contains. But at second thought, it is anything but funny because the picture reveals a prevalent phenomenon in our society: many of these promises are meaningless since the promise provided is nothing but the normal responsibility of the promise maker. Odd and funny as they sound, such promises are so prevalent that we cannot afford to ignore them. For example, administration departments assure to perform their tasks effectively and fairly without taking any bribery. As a matter of fact, these cannot be called promises at all, since they are no more than their normal duties and obligations. I dare say these empty promises are causing great damage to our society both materially and morally. As the old saying goes, “Honesty is the best policy”. People engaged in providing all kinds of services should honestly inform their customers of the service. Of course, necessary laws and regulations should be adopted and enforced to ensure a trust worthy economic and social environment.

解析： 从结构上看，本文对提纲做了适当调整，分为三段而不是两段。第一段采用了先总后分再总的写作方法，段首对图画做出总体评价，进而描写图画，在段末指出：这幅画实际并不可笑，而是讽刺了社会上非常普遍的承诺分内之事现象。这句话也是文章的中心所在。第二段段首承接上段，指出这种现象不容忽视，进而举例说明其普遍性并与第一段呼应，指出这些现象都是在承诺本职所在的工作。第三段段首为主体句，段落中从两个方面提出改变这种现象的措施，段尾进行总结，与段首形成呼应。 知识模块：短文写作

4． [A] Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 120 words. [B] Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points) [C] Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below: 1. Interpret the following pictures. 2. Predict the tendency of tobacco consumption and give your reasons.

正确答案： Owing to its economic benefits and effects to life, tobacco consumption has always been a hot-debated issue in our society. It is estimated that the annual economic loss due to tobacco consumption amounts to 200 billion US dollars, and meanwhile 3 million people worldwide lose their lives because of smoking-re-lated diseases. To our great relief, there is a tendency of declining in tobacco consumption—the year between 1994 and 1996, as indicated by chart 1, witnessed a drop in total tobacco production in the world, declining from 14.364 million pounds in 1994 to 14.2 million pounds in 1996. The reason for the declining is mainly people’s increasing awareness of the harmful effects of tobacco. If this trend can be maintained, the number of people dying of smoking-related diseases can be significantly reduced. However, according to a survey, there are still 1.1 billion tobacco consumers in the world. So it’s not an easy task to persuade such a large amount of people to give up their smoking habits. In addition, tobacco industry still plays a very important role in the development of the economy. As a consequence, only with concerted efforts of all people, can this problem be properly dealt with.

解析： 从结构上看，本文对提纲做出适当调整，分为三段。第一段开篇明义，指出烟草业和吸烟对人类社会的危害。第二段段首和上段形成对比，段首指出这种现象有所改变：烟草消费数量有所下降，进而结合图表，指出这种下降的原因何在。第三段从两个方面进行论证，指出吸烟问题解决起来并没有那么容易，并对本段进行了总结。 知识模块：短文写作