Unit 1 Friendship 【基础知识落实】 ● 词汇梳理 2. _____________ （使）平静下来；（使）镇静下来 1. ________ adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 3. ________________ 关心；挂念 ________ vt. 使不安；使心烦 4. ________________ 遛狗 2. ________ vt. 不理睬；忽视 5. ________________ 经历；经受 ________ n. 无知 6. ________________ 记下；放下；登记 3. ________ v. 使平静；使镇静 7. ________________ 一连串的；一系列 ________ adj. 平静的；镇静的；沉着的 8. ________________ 故意 4. ________ vt. （使）担忧；涉及；（使）镇定 9. ________________ 为了„„ ________ adj. 担心的；有关的 10. ________________ 在黄昏时刻 ________ prep. 关于；有关 11. ________________ 面对面地 5. ________ vi. 打雷；雷鸣_______n. 雷声；雷鸣 12. ________________ 不再„„ 6. ________ adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的 13. ________________ 遭受；患病 ________ adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地 14. ________________ 对„„厌烦 7. ________ n. 能力；力量；权力 15. ________________ 将（东西）装箱打包 ________ adj. 强有力的；有权势的 16. ________________ 与„„相处；进展 8. ________ n. 伙伴；合伙者；合伙人 17. ________________ 相爱；爱上 ________ n. 伙伴关系；合作 18. ________________ 参加；加入 9. ________ vi. 安家；定居；停留 ● 句型翻译 ________ vt. 使定居；安排；解决 1. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able ________ n. 定居者；殖民者 to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy ________ n. 定居点；定居 about everything to do with nature. 10. ________ v. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得 ______________________________________________________ n. 恢复；复原 ______________________________________ 11. ________ v. 捆扎；包装；打行李 2. Your friend comes to school very upset. ________ n. 小包；包裹 __________________________________________ 12. ________ adv. 确实如此；正是；确切地 3. 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。 ________ adj. 准确的；精确的 ______________________________________________13. ________ vi. 不同意________ vi. 同意 ______________________________________ 14. ________ adj. 感激的；感谢的 ● 语法剖析 ________ adv. 感激地；感谢地 1. He said to me, “I’ve left my book in your room.” 15. ________ v. 遭受；忍受；经历 He told me that he had left his book in my room. ________ n. 痛苦；苦难 2. She said, “Did you see him last night?” 16. ________ vt. 交换 She asked (me) whether I had seen him the night ● 短语回顾 before. 1. ________________ 合计
【重点知识探究】 ● 重点词语 他接着说，他们一周以后会回来。 1. add vt.& vi. 增加，添加；加；补充说 【知识拓展】 Shall I add your name to the list? add up/together 把„„加起来 我可以把你的名字写进名单吗？ add up to 加起来总和是add to 增加，增添 If you add all these amounts together, you get add „ to „ 把„„添加到„„上 a huge figure. 你把这些数量加在一起就会得到一【探究练习】 个巨额数字。 (1) _______________ these numbers, please. “And don’t be late,” she added. 请把这些数字加起来。 “还有别迟到，”她补充说。 (2) The news _____________ his anxiety. He added that they would return a week later. 这个消息增添了他的忧虑。
(3) The numbers ___________ exactly 20. 这些数字加起来恰好是20。
(4) Fireworks ____________ the attraction of the festival night. 烟火使节日的夜晚更加生色。 (5) Will you __________________________? 你的咖啡要多加些糖吗？
2. upset adj.心烦意乱的vt. & vi.使心烦使不安 James was upset because he had lost his ticket. 詹姆斯很烦躁，因为他把车票丢了。
This decision is likely to upset a lot of people. trapped in the mine. 救援队队员对困在矿下的两个人的安全感到担忧。
The book is primarily concerned with Soviet-American relations during the Cold War. 这部书主要讲的是冷战时期的苏美关系。 As far as I’m concerned, the whole idea is crazy. 在我看来，这一想法十分荒唐。
He asked several questions concerning the future of the company.
他问了几个有关公司前途的问题。
这项决定很可能会使许多人悻然不快。
It upsets me to think of her all alone in that big house. 想到她孤身一人守着那所大房子，我就感到不舒服。
【知识梳理】 upset sb. （某事）使某人心烦 It upsets sb. that „ 使某人心烦的是„„ It upsets sb. to do sth. 做某事使某人心烦 get/be upset about sth. 对某事感到烦恼 be upset that „ 对„„感到烦恼 3. calm vt. & vi.（使）平静，（使）镇定；adj.平静的，镇静的
He took a few deep breaths to calm himself. 他深深地吸了几口气，使自己平静下来。
It was difficult to calm down the football fans. 要使足球迷们平静下来是很困难的。
He was calm when I told him the bad news. 当我告诉他这个坏消息时，他很平静。
【知识拓展】 calm 指气候、海洋“风平浪静的”，指人“从容镇静的”。 quiet 侧重于因无骚扰产生的“安静、无动静、无声响”。 silent 意为“寂静无音的”、“沉默无言的”，指人沉默不语或地方一片静寂。 still“静止的、一动不动的”，指静止不动。 【探究练习】
(1) The officer ordered the thief to stand there and keep _______.
(2) Although she was frightened, she answered with a _______ voice. (3) Keep _______The conference is about to begin. (4)The prisoner remained ______when questioned. 4. concern vt. 使担心，使不安；涉及，关系到。[C, U] 担心的事，关切的事；[U] 忧虑，担心 We're rather concerned about father's health. 我们相当担心父亲的健康。
Rescuers are concerned for the safety of two men
Global warming is causing widespread concern among scientists.
全球变暖在科学家中引起了广泛关注。
The rise in unemployment is of great concern to the government.
失业率的上升是政府关心的一件大事。
How much money I earn is none of your concern. 我赚多少钱与你不相干。
【知识梳理】 (1) be concerned about / for 对„„担心、担忧 be concerned that 对„„感到忧虑 be concerned with 与„„有关；涉及„„ as far as I’m concerned 在我看来就我而言 where / as far as sth. is concerned 就而言 (2) cause concern 引起关注 be one’s concern 是某人负责的事 be none of one’s concern 是与某人无关的事 (3) concerning prep. 关于；涉及 【探究练习】 (1) The meeting was concerned _______ employment obtaining and everyone present was concerned ______ their own jobs. A. with; for B. with; with C. for; about D. about; with
(2) 48. The speech which he made _______ the project has bothered me greatly.
A. being concerned B. concerned C. be concerned D. concerning
(3) Where money is _______, I always try to be very careful.
A. concern B. concerned C. concerningD. to concern 5. go through 经历，经受（坏事，苦难）；（法律，合同等）通过，批准；仔细察看
These countries have gone through too many wars. 这些国家饱经战火。
How does she keep smiling after all she’s gone
through? 她经历了这一切后怎么还能满脸笑容？ The deal didn’t go through. 这笔交易未谈成。 She went through the room but couldn’t find the missing ring. 她搜遍了整个房间还是找不到丢失的戒指。 6. suffer vt. 遭受、经历（损害、痛苦等），忍受 vi. 患病，因„„受苦（与from搭配）
We suffered a lot in the financial crisis. 我们在金融危机中损失惨重。
The car suffered severe damage in the accident. (1) Being ill, she didn’t _ the lecture yesterday. (2) He ________ the Second World War.
(3) Everyone in the class is expected to ________ these discussions.
(4) Will you _______ me _______ in buying a present for my friend? ● 重点句型
1. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 遛狗时你不小心，狗从你手中挣脱跑开被汽车撞上。
汽车在事故中受到严重损坏。
She was suffering from a headache. 她正经受头痛之苦。
【知识梳理】
suffer defeat / punishment遭到失败/惩罚 suffer damage / loss 遭受损坏/损失 suffer (from) cold and hunger 忍饥挨饿 suffer from 患„„疾病 【探究练习】 (1) _____such a heavy loss, the businessman didn’t have the courage to carry out his whole plan. A. Suffering B. Suffered
C. Having suffered D. To suffered
(2) Animals _______ at the hands of Man in that they were _______ by people to make way for agricultural had to provide food for more people. A. suffered; destroyed B. destroyed; suffered C. suffered; suffered D. destroyed; destroyed 7. join in 参加，加入
She listens, but she never joins in. 她只是听，但从不发表意见。
May I join in your conversation? 我可以加入你们的谈话吗？
I’m sure you’ll all join me in thanking today’s speaker.
我相信你们都会和我一起感谢今天的演讲人。
【知识拓展】 join in 指“（与某人一起）参加（谈话、娱乐、竞赛、游戏等活动）”常指参加正在进行着的活动。 join sb. in 与某人一起做（某事）。 take part in指参加活动并在其中发挥一定作用。 attend 参加，出席（会议、聚会、讲座、宴会、典礼、仪式等）。例如：attend school 上学；attend a class 听课；attend a wedding 出席婚礼 participate in 表示更积极地“参加，参与”，为正式用词，非正式用法中常用join in或take part in。 【探究练习】 while doing „ 当„„时
Be careful while (you are) crossing the road. 过马路要当心。 While (he was) in Tokyo, he picked some Japanese. 在东京的时候，他学会了一些日语。
【知识梳理】 while doing是由“从属连词 + 现在分词”构成的，是状语从句的简化形式。当when, while, if, unless, until等引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。
【探究练习】
(1)（09高考湖南卷）Every evening after dinner, if not _______ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.
A. being tired B. tiringC. tired D. to be tired (2) (08高考福建卷) —Who should be responsible for the accident?
--The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order _______.
A. as told B. as are told C. as telling D. as they told
(3) (07全国卷I) We all know that, _______ the situation will get worse.
A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with
2. It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face „ 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚 „„
It/This/That is the + 序数词 + time that „这是某人第几次做某事。该句型中，that引导的是定语从句，常用完成时态。time亦可为其它名词所替代。 This is the first time (that) I’ve felt really relaxed for weeks.
几星期来这是头一次我真的感到轻松了。
That was the tenth beer (that) you had drunk that evening. 那可是你那天晚上喝的第十杯啤酒了。
【知识拓展】 I agree to your plan. 我同意你的计划。 It/This/That is the best/worst/most 2. Disagreement interesting + 名词 + that „ 这是某人最„„。No way. 没门。Of course not. 当然不。 此句型中，先行词被最高级词修饰，定语从句也要用I don’t agree. 我不同意。 相应的完成时态。 I don’t think so. 我不这么想。 It’s one of the most instructive films I have ever I’m afraid not. 恐怕不是。Not really. 不全是。 seen. 它是我看过的其中一部最有教育意义的电影。 Not exactly. 不完全如此。 That was the most beautiful picture I had drawn I believe / think / suppose / guess / hope not. in my life.那是我有生以来画的最漂亮的一幅画。 我相信/认为/猜想/猜测/希望不是这样的。
【探究练习】 【探究练习】 (1) （09高考陕西卷）This is the first time we (1)（09高考四川卷）--May I open the window to ____a film in the cinema together as a family. let in some fresh air? A. see B. had seenC. saw D. have seen --_______. (2) That _______ the worst weather I had had in A. Come on! B. Take care!C. Go ahead!D. Hold on! the past ten years. (2)（07高考山东卷）--Have you been wasting time A. is B. was C. will be D. had been on computer games again? ● 交际用语 --_. I’ve been studying a lot and I need a break. Expressing agreement and disagreement（表示同A. No way B. Not really 意和不同意） C. I don’t agree D. I couldn’t agree more
【知识梳理】 (3)（07高考浙江卷）--You should apologize to 1. Agreement her, Barry. Exactly. 正是。All right./ Ok. 行。/可以。 --_______, but it’s not going to be easy. Certainly./Sure./Of course. 当然可以。 A. I suppose so B. I feel so No problem. 没问题。Go ahead. 进行吧。/ 干吧。 C. I prefer to D. I like to Yes, please. 可以，请（做）吧。 (4) (07高考陕西卷)—Could I use your computer That’s true. 是真的。/确实这样。 for a few moments, please? That’s correct. 正确。 --_______. I’m not using it myself. That’s a good idea. 是个好主意。 A. Come on B. It depends I think so. 我认为是这样。I agree. 我同意。 C. Go ahead D. That’s great I agree with you. 我同意你的看法。
【语言知识巩固】 一、单词拼写 （强国）in the world. 1. He's now fully _______ (恢复) from his stroke. 二、动词适当形式填空 2. I’m not __（完全）happy with about his advice. 11. ______ (add) up all the money and see how much 3. Based on a _______（系列）of facts, what he you have earned this month. said is believable. 12. The naughty boy was caught ______ (cheat) in 4. We have a _____（德语）lesson every Wednesday. the exam. 5. The rain prevented them from eating ______13. She felt sure the letter had some _____ (hide) （在野外）. meaning. 6. It was ______（打雷）all night but there was 14. After the earthquake, people hardly ___ (dare) no rain. hope that their relatives were still alive. 7. This is a kind of magazine aimed at ______15. What I do when you’re out is nothing ______ （青少年）. (do) with you. 8. I’ve finished this magazine. Can I _______16. It ______ (be) because he was careless that （交换）with you? he got hurt in the accident. 9. I would be _______（感激的）if you could give 17. Ann is an honest girl. She ______ (get) along me some advice. well with all her classmates. 10. Japan is now among the great economic ______18. Are you good at____(communicate) with people?
19. I’m sure you’ll all join me in ______ (thank) 23. Tom kept quiet about the accident in order today’s speaker. that he might not lose the job. 20. Something is wrong with my watch. I’ll have Tom kept quiet about the accident _____ ______ it _____ (repair). _______ _______ lose his job. 三、句型转换 24. A friend is never known until he is needed. 21. “Can you speak German?” the man said to me. A friend is never known _______ _______. The man _____me ______ ______ _____ speak German. 25. It happened that she found an empty seat at 22. “When did you go to the cinema last night?” the back of the bus. Emily asked Annie. She _______ _______ _______ an empty seat at the Emily asked Annie when she _______ _______ to the back of the bus. cinema _______ _______ _______.
Unit 2 English around the world
【基础知识落实】 ● 词汇梳理 32. ________ n. 表达；表示；词语 17. ________ adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的 ________ vt. 表达；表示 ________ n. 军官；警官 33. ________ n. 口音；强调；重音 18. ________ n. 航行；航海 34. ________ n. 闪电 19. ________ adj. 本国的；本地的 35. ________ adv. 直接；挺直 ________ n. 本地人；本国人 ________ adj. 直的；笔直的；正直的 20. _______adv. 实际上；事实上_____ adj. 实际的 36. ________ n. 街区；块；石块 21. ________ vt. 以„„为根据 ● 短语回顾 ________ n. 基部；基地；基础 19. ________________ 因为；由于 ________ adj. 基础的；基本的 20. ________________ 走进；上来；提出 22. ________ adj. 逐渐的；逐步的 21. ________________ 现在；目前 ________ adv. 逐渐地； 逐步地 22. ________________ 利用；使用 23. ________ n. 词汇；词汇量；词表 23. ________________ 例如；像这种的 24. ________ n. 拼写；拼法 24. ________________ 扮演一个角色；参与 ________ vt. 用字母拼；拼写 25. ________________ 不仅仅是；不只是 25. ________ n. 本身；本体；身份 26. ________________ 信不信由你 ________ vt. 识别；鉴别______ n. 鉴定，辨别 27. ________________ 以„„作为„„的基础 26. ________ adj. 较后的；（两者中）后者的 28. ________________ 标准英语 27. ________ adj. 流利的；流畅的 ● 句型翻译 ________ adv. 流利地；流畅地 1. It was based more on German than the English ________ n. 流利；流畅 we speak at present. 28. ________ adj. 频繁的；常见的 __________________________________________ ________ adv. 常常；频繁地 2. 为什么不坐地铁？ 29. ________ n. 使用，用法，词语惯用法 __________________________________________ ________ n. 用途；v. 使用 ● 语法剖析 ________ adj. 有用的 ________ adj. 无用的 1. The hostess said to me, “Please sit down.” 30. ________ n. & vt. 命令；指令；掌握 →The hostess asked me to sit down. ________ n. 指挥官 2Fathersaid,“Don’t make so much noise, boys.” 31. ________ n. & vt. 请求；要求 →Father told the boys not to make so much noise. 【重点知识探究】 ● 重点词语 battle. 战斗中被击毙者不止一人。 1. more than one 不止一个（谓语动词用单数） 【知识拓展】 More than one question was raised at the meeting. more than + num. 超过，多于 会上提出了不止一个问题。 more than + n. 不仅仅是，不只是 More persons than one have been shot in the more than + adj. / adv. 非常、十分 more + adj. / n. + than + adj. / n. 与其说„„倒不如说 no more than + num.=only 仅仅 not more than + num.=at most 至多，不超过 【探究练习】
(1) I’m _______________ pleased to deliver goods to your home. 我非常乐意为您送货上门。 (2) Don’t be too hard on him. He is _______ The sun was coming up by the time I finished the essay. 我完成那篇文章的时候，太阳正冉冉升起。 Sorry I can’t go with you--something has suddenly come up. 对不起，我不能跟你一起去了——我突然有急事。
A lot of new questions came up at the meeting. 会上许多新问题被提了出来。 4. make use of 利用，使用
misled _______ stupid. 不要对他太苛刻。与其说他愚蠢，倒不如说他被误导了。
(3) It took her ___________________ to get there. 到达那里花了她不止一个小时。
(4) It took her ___________________ to get there. 到达那里花了她一个多小时。 (5) He caught _________six fish. 他只捕了6条鱼。 (6) He caught ____________ six fish. 他捕的鱼不超过6条。 (7) He is _______ a novelist. He is a poet as well. 他不仅仅是一位小说家，他还是一位诗人。 2. because of 因为，由于
She walked slowly because of her bad leg. 她走得很慢是因为腿有毛病。
He was angry because of what you had said. 因为你说的话他生气了。
【知识拓展】 because of “因为”，后接名词、代词或动名词，作状语。常用于口语中。 due to “由于”，作表语或状语，不可置于句首。 owing to “由于，因为”，作状语。 thanks to “多亏，由于”，作状语，常用于指某件好事发生的原因。 on account of “因为，由于”，作状语。 【探究练习】
(1) The driver was seriously injured in the accident ______ careless driving.
A. because B. because of C. for D. as
(2) The great success of this programme has been largely ______ the support given by the local businessmen.
A.due toB. because ofC. thanks toD. on account of 3. come up 走进，上来；（植物）长出，发芽；（太阳等）升起；（困难等）发生，出现；（问题等）被提到，被讨论 Why don’t you come up to Scotland for a few days? 为什么不来苏格兰住几天呢？
The seeds haven’t come up yet. 种子还未发芽。
make good / full use of 充分利用
He made use of his free time to learn French. 他利用闲暇时间学法文。
We must make full use of our natural resources. 我们要充分利用我们的自然资源。 5. such as例如，像这样的
I visited several cities, such as New York, Chicago and Boston. 我游览过几个城市，像纽约、芝加哥、波士顿等。
Reference books, such as dictionaries and handbooks, are not allowed to be taken out of the reading room. 参考书，比如词典和手册，是不允许拿出阅览室的。 【知识拓展】 for example 用来列举同类中的一个为例，可以是一个句子，也可以是一个单词或词组。在句中的位置较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句尾。 such as 用来列举同类中的几个，但不是全部。后面通常跟名词，也可以是介词短语、不定式等。 such „ as „ 意思是“像„„那样的”，其中as为介词，不能同etc.和and so on连用。 【探究练习】
(1) _______ men _______ Edison, Einstein and Lincoln are great men.
(2) Many great men have risen from poverty， _________，Lincoln and Edison. (3) _______,a bicycle driven by electricity can avoid pollution.
6. command [C] 命令，指令；[U] 掌握 vt. 命令；指挥，支配
I’m at your command—what would you like me to do? 我听从您的吩咐——您要我做什么？ The army is under the king's command. 军队由国王直接统率。 Applicants will be expected to have a good command of English. 申请人必须精通英语。
He commanded his men to start the work at once .
他下令手下马上开工。
He commanded the work on the building (should) A. for B. at C. on D. of
8. play a part in在„中起作用；在„中担任角色 stop. 他下令那栋大楼必须停建。
【知识梳理】 at one’s command 听候某人的吩咐 under one’s command 由某人指挥 have a good command of 掌握，精通 command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 command that sb. should do „ 命令„„ 【探究练习】 (1)In order to have a good _______ of English, he went to Australia for further study.
A. master B. command C. need D. direction (2) The commander commanded that all the soldiers _______ fighting before dark. A. didn’t stop B. wouldn’t stop C. daren’t stopD. not stop
7. request [C] （正式或礼貌的）请求，要求 vt. 请求，要求
They made a request for further aid. 他们要求再给一些帮助。
He was there at his manager’s request. 他按照经理的请求到了那里。
He ignored the neighbour’s requests that he (should) make less noise.
他无视邻居要他别那样吵闹的要求。
I requested him to come an hour earlier. 我请他早一个小时来。
I requested a loan from the bank.我请求银行贷款。【知识梳理】 make a request for sth. 要求 at sb.'s request 应某人要求 make a request that sb. should do sth.要求„„ request + that sb. should do sth. 请求„„ request sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 request sth. of/from sb. 向某人请求某事 【探究练习】
(1) Visitors _______ not to touch the exhibits.
A. will request B. request
C. are requesting D. are requested (2) The workers made a request that the manager _______ his decision.
A. should reconsider B. reconsidered C. would reconsider D. were considering (3) All I request _______ you is that you should be confident of winning the post.
Telephones are playing an important part in our daily life.电话在我们日常生活中起着重要的作用。 The part that he played in the movement was very great. 他在那次运动中所起的作用是很大的。 He played the part of Hamlet in that film.
【知识拓展】 play an important part / role in 在„„中起重要作用 play the leading part / role 起主要作用；起带头作用 play the part / role of sb.在剧中扮演某人 (1) The role that our army _______ in earthquake rescue work is very important.
A. acted B. played C. made D. did
(2) The most important thing about cotton in history is _______ part that it played in _______ Industrial Revolution. A.不填; 不填B. the; 不填 C. the; the D. a; the 9. recognize vt. 辨认出
Nobody recognized how urgent the situation was. 谁也没意识到形势有多么紧急。
He is recognized to be their natural leader. 人们都承认他是他们的当然领袖。
Drugs were not recognized as a problem then. 当时还没有把毒品看成严重问题。
【知识梳理】 recognize one’s voice 辨出某人的声音 recognize + that/wh-clause 承认„„ recognize sb. to be 承认„„为„„ recognize „ as 承认/认定„„为„„ 【探究练习】 (1) --Oh, it’s you! I _______ you. --I’ve just had my hair cut, and I’m wearing new glasses.
A. didn’t recognize B. hadn’t recognized C. haven’t recognizedD. don’t recognized (2) He was _______ as the pioneer of the new field. A. made B. realized C. recognized D. thought ● 重点句型
Why not go by Underground? 为什么不坐地铁？ Why not do „? 为什么不„„？（用于提出建议，等于Why don’t you „?）
Why not keep in touch with him by e-mail? 为什么不用电子邮件与他保持联系呢？
Why not make your own Christmas cards instead I’m sorry, I don’t understand. 对不起，我不懂。 of buying them? Sorry, I can’t follow you.对不起我听不懂你的话。 为什么不自己做圣诞贺卡而要去买呢？ How do you spell that? 怎么拼？
【探究练习】 Could you spell that name out again? (1)（07高考全国I卷） --It’s a long time since 你能不能把那个名字再拼一次？ I saw my sister. Could you say that again please?请再说一遍好吗？ --______ her this weekend? Could you repeat that please? 请再说一遍好吗？
A. Why not visit B. why not to visit Could you speak more slowly? 请说慢一点好吗？ C. Why not visiting D. Why don’t visit I’m sorry I know only a little English. (2)（05高考山东卷）--Let’s go to a movie after 很遗憾，我仅会一点英语。 work, OK? What do you mean by „? 你说„„是什么意思？
--_______ 【探究练习】 A.Not at all. B.Why not?C.Never mind. DWhat of it? (1)（08高考辽宁卷）—My name is Jonathan. Shall (3) (05高考江苏卷)-- How about putting some I spell it for you? —______. pictures into the report? A. If you don’t mind B. Not at all -- ______ A picture is worth a thousand words. C. Take it easy D. Nice to meet you A. No way. B. Why not? C. All right? D. No matter. (2)（07高考重庆卷）--Now let's move on to another (4) --The floor is dirty. Can you clean it? topic. Do you follow me? --_______, Professor. -- I do it all the time. A. No, I am not B. Yes, I will A. Don’t mention it. B. Why you? C. No, I haven't D. Yes, perfectly C. Not sure D. Why me? (3) --____? --I told you not to stamp the grass. ● 交际用语 A. Beg your pardon B. Have I Difficulties in language communication（语言交C. How come D. What for 际困难） (4)--______. I didn’t hear you clearly. It’s 【知识梳理】 too noisy here. Pardon? / Beg your pardon? 对不起，你说什么？ --I was saying that the party was great. I beg your pardon? 对不起，你说什么？ A. Repeat. B. Once again.C. Pardon? D. So what? 【语言知识巩固】 一、单词拼写 二、直接引语变为间接引语 1. You’ll have a better knowledge of methods 11. “Please give me a glass of water,” I said of solving the ______ （国际）problems. to her. 2. It’s on the sixth floor--Let’s take the I _____ _____ to give _______ a glass of water. ______ （电梯）. 12. “Do it tomorrow,” she said to him. 3. Stores of grain are ______（频繁地）attacked She__ _ ______to do it ______ _______ _______. by pests. 13. “Don’t swim too far, boys,” I said. 4. These two countries have different 文化. I ______ ______ _______ _______ to swim too far. 5. The ______（词汇表）used in the course book 14. “Let’s not say anything about it,” Tom is printed at the back. said. 6. All the natives can not speak the _______Tom suggested ______ ______ anything about it. （官方的）language in their country. 15. “Let me stay up a little longer tonight, 7. What dialect is spoken in the _____西北US? mother,” he begged. 8. Articles of a low ______（标准）will not be He begged his mother _______ _______ him stay accepted. up a little longer _______ _______. 9. He speaks with a strong southern _____口音. 16. He said to Jack, “Happy birthday.” 10. The tall tree was struck by ______（闪电）He wished _______ _______ _______ _______. last night. 三、词语填空
because of, come up, make use of, such as, play an important role in, based on, at present, make a request 17. The song is ________ an old folk song. 18. We’ll __________ this chance to serve the people better.
19. Ms. Hellman is busy ________. Can she ring you later?
20.The U.N.__________international relations. 21. He __________ to me and asked for my advice. 22. He can speak several languages, ________ Spanish, French and Japanese.
23. She was thirsty and ________ some water. 24. He was absent from the meeting____ illness. 四、句子翻译
25.警察命令他不要把车停放在公共场所。(command)
Unit 3 Travel journal 【基础知识落实】 ● 词汇梳理 ________ v. 弯曲；弯身；弯腰 37. ________ n. 日记；杂志；定期刊物 56. ________ n. 态度；看法 38. ______ n. 运输；运送_______ vt. 运送；运输 57. ________ n. & vt. 预测；预报 _________ n. 交通；运输 58. ________ vi. 沸腾；（水）开 39. ________ n. 不利条件；不便之处 ________ adj. 炎热的；酷热的
________ n. 优势；便利 59. ________ n. 保险________ v. 保险；投保 40. ________ n. 费用 60. ________ adj. 可信赖的；可靠的 41. ________ v. 流动；流出；n. 流量；流动 ________ vt. 依赖；依靠 42. ________ vt. 说服；劝说 61. ________ n. 风景；视野；观点；见解
________ n. 说服；说服力 ________ vt. 观看；注视；考虑 43. ________ vi. 毕业；________ n. 大学毕业生 62. ________ prep. 在„„下面 ________ n. 毕业 ● 短语回顾 44. _______vi. 骑自行车______ n. 骑自行车；循环 29. ________________ 从那以后 45. ________ n. 时间表；进度表 30. ________________ 喜爱；喜欢 46. ________ adv. 最后；终于 31. ________________ 关心；忧虑；惦念
________ adj. 最后的；最终的 32. ________________ 改变主意 47. ________ adj. 喜爱的；慈爱的；宠爱的 33. ________________ 下决心；决定 48. ________ n. 缺点 34. ________________ 投降；屈服；让步 49. ________ adj. 顽固的；固执的 35. ________________ 照常 50. ________ vt. 组织；成立______ n. 组织；机构 36. ________________ 在午夜
________ n. 组织者；筹办者 37. ________________ 51. ________ vt. 决定；确定；下定决心 38. ________________ ________ adj. 坚决的；有决心的 ● 句型翻译 ________ n. 决心；决意 1. It was my sister who first had the idea to 52. ________ n. 旅行；旅程 cycle along the Mekong River from where it 53. ________ n. 海拔高度；高处 begins to where it ends. 54. ________ vi. & n. 缓慢而行；一步；步调 __________________________________________ 55. ________ n. 弯；拐弯 2. When I told her the air would be hard to breathe
__________________________________________
26. 请您不要在餐厅里吸烟。(request)
__________________________________________ 27. 与其说他聪明，倒不如说他勤奋more „ than „ __________________________________________ 28. 公元450年至1150年间在英国所说的英语，更多地是以德语为基础的，而我们现在所说的英语则不是。(based on)
__________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________
29. 信不信由你，世界上没有什么标准英语no such __________________________________________ 30. 然而，在电视机和收音机里，你也会听出人们在说话时的差异。(the way)
__________________________________________
and it would be very cold, she said it would be 4. 我们迫不及待地想见到他们！ an interesting experience. __________________________________________ ______________________________________________● 语法剖析 ______________________________________ 1. He is leaving for London in two hours. 3. 她一旦作出决定，什么事情也不能使她改变主意。 2. We are spending next winter in Australia.__________________________________________ 【重点知识探究】 ● 重点词语 (1) Urban crowdedness would change greatly if 1. prefer vt. 更喜欢；选择某事物 only the _____ charged on public transport were I prefer not to think about it.我不想考虑此事。 more reasonable. I prefer playing in defence. 我喜欢打防守。 I should prefer you not to stay [that you did not stay] there too long. 我希望你不要在那儿呆得太久。 I prefer jazz to rock music. 我喜欢爵士乐胜过摇滚乐。 Many people prefer walking to cycling. 很多人宁愿步行也不愿骑自行车。 He preferred to die rather than surrender. 他宁死不屈。 【知识梳理】 prefer to do sth. 宁愿做„„ prefer doing 宁愿做„„ prefer sb. to do愿意让某人做„„ prefer that „ (should) do 希望做„„ prefer sth. to sth. 喜欢„„胜过„„ prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢做„胜过做„ prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做„„而不愿做„„ 【探究练习】 (1) I would prefer ______ in Australia, but I can’t get a visa. A. to live B. living C. to living D. live (2) Rather than ______ on a crowded bus, he always prefers ______ a bicycle. A. ride; ride B. riding; ride C. ride; to ride D. to ride; riding 2. fare n. （交通工具的）票价，车费 Bus fares have shot up by 20%.公共汽车票价已猛涨20%。 Children under 3 travel half fare. 三岁以下的儿童可半票旅行。 When do they start paying full fare? 他们什么时候开始买全票？ 【探究练习】
A. fees B. prices C. fares D. costs (2) You'll find this map of great _____ in helping you to get round London. A. fare B. cost C. value D. charge (3)07高考天津卷One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living ____. A. bills B. expenses C. prices D. charges 3. persuade v. 说服，劝说；使相信，使信服 He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to即使她不想去上学他还是说服她去。
He was persuaded into entering the competition. 他被说服参加了比赛。 We persuaded Harry that he was wrong. 我们使亨利相信是他错了。 I am almost persuaded of his honesty. 我几乎相信他是诚实的。 【知识拓展】 persuade sb to do sth. 说服某人做某事 persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 persuade sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事 try to persuade sb. to do sth. 尽力说服某人做某事 persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 persuade sb. that 使某人相信„„ 【探究练习】 (1)（07高考上海卷）There is nothing more I can try _______ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. A．being persuaded B．persuading C．to be persuaded D．to persuade (2) While shopping, people sometimes can’t help __ into buying something they don’t really need. A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded (3) His parents _______ him to go to school again,
but he wouldn’t. A. promised B. advised C. suggested D. persuaded 4. insist vt. 坚持；强调
Mike insisted that he was right. 迈克坚持认为自己是正确的。
They insisted that everyone (should) come to the 他还没有决定学什么。
They determined on an early start. 他们决定早些出发。
I’m determined to find out who is responsible for this. 我决意要弄清楚谁该对此事负责任。 She is a determined young woman. party. 他们坚决要求每个人都要来参加晚会。 She insisted on his/him wearing a suit. 她坚持要他穿西装。
【知识梳理】 insist that 坚持认为，坚持说从句用陈述语气 insist that 坚决要求，坚持要（从句用虚拟语气，should可以省略） insist on sth/doing sth 坚决要求，坚持说 【探究练习】
(1) The old worker insisted he _____ old and that he _____ back to the working post again. A. wasn’t; be sent B. wasn’t; was sent C. be not; send D. isn’t; sent
(2) The man insisted ________ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.
A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding 5. care about 关心；在意；担心
He is always caring about his employee. 他总是关心他的雇员。 The only thing she seems to care about is money. 她似乎是只在乎钱。
【知识拓展】 care about 关心，在意，担心 care for 照顾，照料；喜欢，想要（常用于否定句和疑问句） 【探究练习】 (1) I don’t much ________ his parents. 我不太喜欢他的父亲。
(2) I don’t _________ we win or lose. 我不在乎我们是赢还是输。
(3) Who’s __________ your dog while you are away? 你不在时谁来照看你的狗？
6. determine v. 决定，确定；下定决心
Let’s determine a date for the class meeting. 咱们来定一下开班会的时间。
They determined to start early他们决心早出发。 His advice determined me to drink and smoke no more. 他的劝告使我决定不再抽烟喝酒了。
He has not determined what he will study.
她是一位意志坚定的年轻妇女。
【知识梳理】 determine sth. 决定，确定某事 determine to do sth. 决定做某事（表示动作，为非延续性动词短语） determine sb. to do sth. 使某人决定做某事 determine that/what/how 决定„„ determine on (doing) sth 决定„„ be determined to do sth. 决心做某事（表示状态，可与表示时间段的状语连用） determined adj. 坚定的，坚决的（作前置定语）；有决心的（不可作定语） 【探究练习】 ① He left the place, ______ never to come back. A. to determine B. being determined C. determined D. having determined ② --What about the man? --Seldom in all my life _____ such a _____ person. A. I met; determiningB. I have met; determining C. have I met; determinedD. did I meet; determined 7. change one’s mind 改变主意
I’ve changed my mind—I’ll have a beer instead. 我改变了主意——我要杯啤酒吧。
Try and get her to change her mind about coming with us. 设法让她改变主意，不要和我们一起去。
【知识拓展】 make up one’s mind 下定决心 come to one’s mind 突然想到 keep/bear sth in mind 记住某事 put one’s mind to sth. 专心于某事 out of sight, out of mind 眼不见，心不念 【探究练习】
① They __________ that they would buy a new house. 他们决定买一所新房子。
② I’ll __________ your good idea. 我会记住你的好主意的。
③ You’ll succeed soon once you _________. 一旦你专心去做，不久你就会成功的。
④ You should _______ that these exams affect your final result.
A、make up your mind B、keep in your mind C、speak your mind D、change your mind ⑤ --You look worried. Is there something ____? --I’ve lost my job.
A. on your mind B. to your mind
C. in your mind D. out of your mind 8. give in 让步；屈服，投降；呈上，交上
They have no signs of giving in to the The view from the top of the hill is wonderful. 从山顶上眺望，景色美丽。
The house has a view over the sea. 这座房子面向大海视野开阔。
What are your views on the subject? 你对这一题目有何高见?
Several possible buyers have come to view the house. 几个可能是买主的人来看过房子。 kidnappers’ demands. 他们对绑架者的要求没有丝毫让步的迹象。
The rebels were forced to give in. 叛乱分子被迫投降了。
Please give your work in before Monday. 请在星期一之前把作业交上。
【知识拓展】 give in (to sb/sth) 向„„让步、屈服、投降 give sth in (to sb) 呈上，交上 give away 泄露(秘密)；赠送，颁发 give up 放弃，终止；投案，自首 (1) --Smoking is bad for your health.
--Yes, I know. But I simply can't ______. A. give it up B. give it in C. give it out D. gave it away (2)08高考江西If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him __ during the day. A. away B. up C. in D. back 9. attitude n. 态度，看法
What is your attitude towards this question? 你对这个问题的态度如何?
He has a bad attitude towards his schoolwork. 他对功课的态度不端正。
If you want to pass your exams you’d better change your attitude.
你若想通过考试，就最好改变你的态度。
【探究练习】
(1)（07高考湖北卷）Despite such a big difference in towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.
A．point B．idea C．attitude D．sight
(2) In order to change attitudes _______ employing women, the government is bringing in new laws.
A. about B. of C. towards D. on
10. view n. 风景；视野；观点；见解 vt. 观看；注视；考虑
How do you view your chance of success? 你认为你获得成功有多大把握？
【探究练习】
(1) The _______ from the tower is beautiful. 从塔上看到的景色很美。 ● 重点句型
1. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 首先想到要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐。
It is„ that/who„ （该结构为强调句型，用来强调主语、宾语和状语等。who只强调人） It was him who/that I met yesterday. 我昨天遇到的正是他。
It was in the street that I met him yesterday.我昨天是在街上见到的他。
Was it during the Second World War that he died? 他是不是二战时阵亡的？
Where was it that you found your lost pen? 你丢失的钢笔到底是在哪儿找到的？
【知识梳理】 It is/was„who/that这是强调句的陈述句结构 Is/Was it„that/who„? （这是强调句型的一般疑问句结构） Where/Who is/was it that„? （这是强调句型的特殊疑问句结构） 【探究练习】 (1)09高考浙江I’ve read another book this week.
－Well, maybe _____ is not how much you read but what you read that counts.
A. this B. that C. there D. it
(2)08高考天津It was along the Mississippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. A. how B. which C. that D. where
(3) I just wonder____that makes him so excited.
A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is ● 交际用语
Wishes and congratulations（祝愿和祝贺） (2) Thanks/Thank you. 多谢/谢谢你！ 【知识梳理】 You, too./The same to you. 也祝你„„ (1) Have a good day/time! 祝玩得开心！ 【探究练习】
Have a nice/good trip. 祝旅途愉快！ (1)（09高考山东卷）--John and I will celebrate Good luck on your journey. 祝你旅行好运！ our fortieth wedding anniversary next month. Best wishes to you. 致以最好的祝愿！ --Oh, ________! I wish you success. 祝你成功。 A. cheer up B. well done I congratulate you on „ 祝贺你„„！ C. go ahead D. congratulations Give my love/best wishes to 向致以最美好的祝愿。 (2) (09高考福建卷) —Bruce, I really appreciate
Enjoy yourself! 祝过得愉快！ your handwriting. — . Happy New Year! 祝新年愉快! A. I practice every dayB. Thank you very much Merry Christmas! 圣诞快乐！ C. No, I don’t think so Happy birthday! 生日快乐！ D. Well, it’s not good enough Congratulations! 恭喜，恭喜！ (3) --“I’ve never found a better job．” All the best. 祝你一切顺利。 --“_______．” I’d proud of you. 我为你感到骄傲。 A．I don’t think so B．Too bad I’m very pleased for you. 我为你感到高兴。 C．Congratulations D．Don’t worry I’m very impressed by you performance. 你(4) Jack, our team will play against the Rockets 的表现太棒了。 this weekend. I'm sure we will win. _______! That’s wonderful/amazing. 太棒了。 A. Congratulations B. Cheers Well done！做得很好！ C. Good weekend D. Good luck 【语言知识巩固】一、单词拼写 14. He is determined ______ (solve) the problem 1.She g____ from an American college last year. on his own. 2.I normally travel by public t______ instead of 15. Would you mind _______ (change) places with by car. me so that I can be nearer to the fire? 3.He kept a j______ of his travels across Africa. 16. Some people write about their travels in what 4.The plane flew at an a______ of 10000 metres, is ______ (call) a travel journal. out of sight. 17. I am not fond of _______ (eat) meat. 5.Once she has made up her m______, nothing can 18. The final examination _______ (come). It’s change it. time for us to get down to our studies. 6.He is so ______（固执的）that nobody can make 19. Ever since the search for the ______ (miss) him change his mind. little boy ______ (be) fruitless. 7.The next thing on our _______（进度表）is to 20. Many people enjoy ______ (read) about telephone our friends. journeys and ______ (see) the world through 8.Is the source of the information ____（可靠的）? somebody else’s eyes. 9. I bought another safety lock as an additional 三、句型转换 _______（保险）against thieves. 21. She didn’t realize she had left her watch at 10. Jane _______（组织）the party. She asked people home until she got to her office. to come and bought the food and drinks. It was ______ ______ she got to her office ______ 二、用动词的适当形式填空 she realized she had left her watch at home. 11.I dream of _______ (become) the best 22. I persuaded Jack to go to the movies with me. footballer in the town. I persuaded Jack ____ ____ to the movies with me. 12.I should prefer you _(not stay) there too long. 23. He has made up his mind he would spend his 13.The doctor insisted that the patient _____ (be) holiday in the countryside. seriously ill and __(be) operated on immediately. He has made up his mind ______ ______ his holiday
in the countryside. 27. Whatever he says, I won’t believe him. 24. Are you familiar with the rules of baseball? ______ ______ ______ says, I won’t believe him. ______ the rules of baseball familiar ______ you? 28. The research is so designed that once it is 25. He insisted that he should come with us. begun nothing can be done to change it. He insisted ______ ______ ______ with us. The research is so designed that ______ 26The little girl likes clothes better than toys. ______ nothing can be done to change it
The little girl ______ cloths ______ toys.
Unit 4 Earthquakes
【基础知识落实】 ● 词汇梳理 _______adj. 令人恐惧的______ n. 受惊；惊骇 63. ________ n. 地震________ v. 震动，颤动 85. ________ n. 祝贺；（复数）贺词_____ v. 祝贺 64. ________ n. 突然破裂；爆发 86. ________ n. 裁判员；法官 _________ vt. 爆裂；爆发 ________ vt. 断定；判断；判决 65. ________ n. 事件；大事 87. ______ adv. 真诚地；真挚地______adj. 真诚的 66. ________ n. 民族；国家 88. ________ vt. 表示；表达_______n. 快车；速递
________ adj. 民族的；国家的 ________ n. 表达；表情；词句 67. ______ v. 毁灭；使破产______ n. 废墟；毁灭 ● 短语回顾 68. ________ n. 苦难；痛苦______ v. 受苦；遭受 39. ________________ 立刻；马上 69. ________ adj. 极度的_____ adv. 极端地；非常 40. ________________ 仿佛；好像
________ vt. 损害；伤害______ n. 伤害；损害 41. ________________ 结束；终结 70. ________ adj. 受伤的；受损害的 42. ________________ 严重受损；破败不堪 71. ________ n. 轨道；足迹；痕迹 43. ________________ 掘出；发现 72. ________ vt. 破坏；毁坏；消灭 44. ________________ 许多；大量的
________ n. 破坏；毁灭 45. ________________ 不把„„当回事；轻视 73. ________ n. 砖；砖块 46. ________________ 横过，穿越 74. ________ v. 使震惊；震动 47. ________________ 数以万计的
________ n. 休克；打击；震惊 ● 句型翻译 75. ________ n.& vt. 援救；营救 1. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was 76. ________ vt. 使陷入困境______n. 陷阱；困境 destroyed. 77. ________ n. 电；电流；电学 __________________________________________ _______adj. 用电的，发电的_____ adj. 与电有关的 2. It seemed as if the world was at an end. 78. ________ n. 灾难；灾祸 _________________________________________ 79. ________ vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 3. 并不是所有的希望都破灭了。 80. ________ n. 矿；矿山；矿井________ n. 矿工 __________________________________________ 81. ________ n. 掩蔽；隐蔽处；避身处 ● 语法剖析 82. ________ n. 标题；头衔；资格 1. It was heard in Beijing, which is one hundred 83. ________ n. & vt. 损失；损害 kilometers away. 84. ________ vt. 使惊吓；吓唬 2. Workers built shelters for survivors whose ________ adj. 受惊的；受恐吓的 homes had been destroyed. 【重点知识探究】 ● 重点词语 大坝在水的巨大压力下溃决了。 1. burst vi.(burst, burst)爆裂，爆发 n. 突然Karen burst into laughter/burst out laughing. 破裂，爆发 卡伦突然大笑起来。 The balloon hit a tree and burst. He burst into the room without knocking. 气球碰到树上就爆了。 他未敲门就闯进了屋子。 The dam burst under the weight of water. Firefighters burst the door open and rescued
them. 消防队员撞开门，把他们救了出来。 I am bursting with joy. 我高兴得不得了。
【知识梳理】 burst out laughing/crying 突然笑起来/哭起来 burst into laughter/tears突然笑起来/哭起来 burst in/into a room 闯进/突然破门而入 【探究练习】
My English teacher’s joke made every student _______ laughter.
A. burst intoB. burst outC. burst withD. burst in 【探究练习】 (1) We were going out, but _______watching videos. 我们原计划外出，结果却是在家看录像。
(2) __________ the war, the small work-shop had become a large factory.
到战争结束时,这个小铺子已经变成大厂了。 (3) All their plans ________ failure. 他们一切计划都以失败告终。
4. ruin [U] 毁灭，毁坏； [C] 废墟，遗迹（常用复数）；vt. & vi.（使）破产，毁灭
2. think nothing/little of 对„„等闲视之，不把„„当回事，轻视
She thinks nothing of walking 30 miles a day. 她认为一天步行三十英里不足为奇。
The other scholars thought little of the theory. 其他学者忽视他的理论。
They didn’t think much of the plan. 他们觉得这计划不怎么样。
He thinks much of his work, but thinks little of money. 他重视工作，轻视金钱。
【知识拓展】 think much/highly/well of 对„„评价很高，看重 think nothing/little/poorly/badly of 不赞同„„，轻视 speak highly/well of sb. 称赞某人，说某人的好话 speak badly/ill of sb. 贬损某人，说某人坏话 【探究练习】 (1) She always complains her salary and she ______ changing her work.
A. is thinking of B. is thinking highly of C、thinks little of D、thinks much of
(2) Dorothy was always speaking __ of her role in the play, which of course made the others unhappy. A. ill B. badly C. little D. highly 3. at an end 结束，终结（常作表语）
The war was finally at an end. 战争终于结束了。 The long summer vacation is at an end. The new term is coming. 慢长的暑假结束了，新学期到来了。
【知识拓展】 at the end of 在„„尽头（指时间或空间） by the end of 到„„结束时，到„„时候为止（常与完成时连用） come to an end 结束 put an end to 结束，终止
We visited the ruins of the church. 我们参观了那座座教堂的遗址。
The earthquake left the whole town in ruins. 这次地震使整个城镇成为废墟。 The bad weather ruined our trip. 天气恶劣，破坏了我们的旅行。
Heavy smoking ruined his health. 吸烟过量毁坏了他的健康。
【知识梳理】 be/lie in ruins 成为废墟 bring sb. to ruin 使某人失败；使倾家荡产 go to/fall into ruin 走向衰落，败落 ruin oneself 自取灭亡 ruin one’s health/fame 毁坏某人的健康名誉 【知识拓展】
ruin指“毁灭，灭亡”，表示破坏严重，以致不能修复。现在多用于借喻中，表示希望、前程的破灭，健康遭到毁坏等。 destroy表示“破坏、摧毁”，用于一种外力粉碎、摧毁、杀戮、消灭某物的场合，常含有损坏严重、难以修复之意，也可指希望、计划等打破。 damage指价值、用途降低或外表损坏等，不一定全部破坏，损坏了还可以修复。 【探究练习】
(1) The car which was ____ in the accident is being repaired in the garage.
A. hurt B. injured C. damaged D. destroyed (2) I got caught in the rain and my suit _______.
A. has ruined B. had ruined
C. has been ruined D. had been ruined 5. injure vt. & vi.使受伤；损害，伤害（名誉、自尊等）
He injured his knee playing hockey. 他打曲棍球时伤了膝盖。
He was slightly injured in the accident. 他在那次意外事件中受了轻伤。
This could seriously injure the company’s A. shocked; shocked B. shocking; shocking reputation. 这会严重损害公司的声誉。
The injured were sent to a nearby hospital.伤员被送往附近一家医院。
【知识拓展】 injure一般指因意外或事故而受伤，也指损害荣誉、自尊等。 hurt是普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上的、感情上的伤害，也可指疼痛。 wound指外伤，如枪枪、刀伤、刺伤等，尤指战争中、战斗中受的伤。 【探究练习】
(1) He got _______ in the fighting. 他在战斗中受了伤。 (2) You'll ______ her feelings if you forget her birthday. 如果你忘了她的生日,那会伤她感情的。(3) She was so poor that you shouldn’t have ___ her pride. 她很可怜，你本不该伤她自尊心的。 (4) Mike didn't play football yesterday because he had ______ his leg.
A. damaged B. injured C. hit D. struck 6. shock vt.（使）震惊，（使）惊愕；[C][U] 震惊，（精神上）打击；[U]休克
I was shocked when I heard about your accident. 当我听到你出事后我很震惊。
I was shocked at this sudden change in their attitude. 他们态度突然改变，使我感到震惊。 I was shocked to hear that such an attack could happen in this area.
竟有这样的暴力行为发生在这一地区，我大为惊骇。It was a great shock for him when his wife died. 他妻子的死对他是一个沉重打击。
She was taken to hospital suffering from shock. 她因休克被送往医院。
【知识梳理】 be shocked at/by 对„„令人震惊 be shocked to do sth. 因„„感到震惊 be shocked that-clause 因„„感到震惊 shocking adj. 令人震惊的 shocked adj. 感到震惊的 【探究练习】
(1) _______ news of his death came as _______ shock to us all.
A. The; the B. /; a C. The; a B. /; the (2) We are _______ at the _______ fact that they involved children in the crime.
C. shocked; shocking D. shocking; shocked 7. bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
She was buried beside her husband’s brave. 她被安葬在丈夫的坟旁。
The miners were buried alive when the tunnel collapsed. 坑道塌方，矿工都被活埋。
She always has her head buried in a book. 她总是埋头读书。
【知识拓展】 be buried alive 被活埋 bury one’s face/head in hand用手捂住脸头 be buried in/bury oneself in 埋头于专心于 (1) Embarrassed by the question about her private life, she turned away,____her face in his hands. A. buried B. buryingC. to bury D. having buried (2) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A. BuryingB. Having buriedC. Buried D. To bury 8. a great / large number of 大量的，许多 There were a large number of people at the football match. 有很多人看足球比赛。
Quite a number of world famous paintings are on show in this exhibition.
有许多世界名画在这次展览会上展出。
【知识拓展】 a (great/large) number of 相当于 many，只修饰可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。 A large number of questions were put forward at the meeting. 会上提出了很多的问题。 the number of 表示“„„的数目”，后接可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。 The number of cars on our roads has risen greatly in last few years. 近几年道路上的汽车数量剧增。 【探究练习】
(1) （09高考山东卷）The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ______ rising steadily since 1990.
A. is B. are C. has been D. have been
(2) The number of the students that _____ picked out to take part in the competition _____ fifteen. A. is; is B. is; are C. are; is D. are; are 9. judge v. 判断，断定，判决；[C] 裁判员,法官 The judge sentenced him to six years in prison.法官判他六年监禁。
You can’t judge a person by his appearance. 你不该以貌取人。
Judging from what he said, he must be an honest 对于他们我不是个个都认识。
man. 从他说的话来判断，他一定是个诚实的人。
【知识拓展】 judge sb./sth. 对„„下判断 judge that-clause/wh-clause 判断，认为 judge it + (to be) + adj./n. 认为„„是„„ judging from/by„ 根据„„来判断 as far as I can judge 据我看来 to one’s judgment 在某人看来 【探究练习】
_______ from his expression, he is very upset.. A. Judged B. Judging
C. To be judged D. Having judged ● 重点句型
1. It seemed as if the world was at an end. 似乎世界末日来临了。
It seems as if 似乎是好像„„。这是一个比喻句型，其中as if是复合连词，意为“仿佛，好像”，同于as though。它们引导的从句多用虚拟语气，如果表示的情况接近事实，也可用陈述语气。所引导的从句也可以不是一个句子，而只是一个短语或动词不定式等。
It seems as if it is going to rain.看来要下雨了。 I felt as though the ground were slipping beneath my feet. 我觉得大地似乎在脚下滑动。
He speaks English as if he were an Englishman. 他说起英语来好像是一个英国人似的。
He hurriedly left the classroom as though angry. 他好像生了气似的，匆匆离开了教室。
【探究练习】
(1) The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _______ whether he was going in the right direction.
A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see
(2) Eliza remembers everything exactly as if ______ yesterday.
A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened
2. All hope was not lost. 并不是所有的希望都破灭了。
All...not...或not...all... 表示部分否定，意思是“并不是所有的„„都„„” All is not gold that glitters. 闪闪发光物，未必尽黄金。 I don’t know all of them.
【知识拓展】
当not与表示总括词意义的词all, both, everybody, everything, everywhere等连用时，表示部分否定。其全否定形式用neither, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere等表示。 当not 与either, any, anybody, anything, anywhere搭配时，也表示全否定，一般不可将其直接置于句首。 【探究练习】 (1)09高考上海--Wow! You’ve got so many clothes. --But _____ of them are in fashion now. A. all B. both C. neither D. none (2)08高考全国I卷—Which of the two computer games did you prefer?
—Actually I didn’t like ______.
A. both of them B. either of them C. none of them D. neither of them (3) I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with _______.
A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing ● 交际用语
Expressing thanks（表示感谢） 【知识梳理】
(1) Thank you very much. 非常感谢。 Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。 Thanks a lot. 多谢。Many thanks. 非常感谢。 It’s very kind of you to do . 你做„真是太好了。 I’d like to express my sincere thanks for your ... 我对你给予的„„表示诚挚的感谢。
No words are strong enough to express our ... 言语无法表达我们的„„
(2) That’s/It’s all right. 别客气/没关系。 Not at all. 别客气。You’re welcome. 别客气。 Don’t mention it. 不用谢。
It’s my pleasure. 不用谢。My pleasure. 别客气。
【探究练习】 (1)（09高考全国I卷）--It looks heavy. Can I give you a hand? -- . A. No, thanks B. Yes, my pleasure C. No, never mind D. Yes, I do (2) --Do you want a lift home?
--_______, but I have to work late in the office. I overslept this morning because my morning clock didn’t go off. A. That’s OK B. I think so
C. Take it easy D. It’s very kind of you A．It’s my duty B．It’s all right (3)（07高考四川卷）--Thank you for joining in our C．It’s my pleasure D．It’s nice to say so conversation tonight.--_______.
【语言知识巩固】 一、单词拼写 from the northeast. 1、These difficulties are caused by natural d____. 20. We became ___(trap) by the rising flood water. 2、Recently many accidents happened in some small 三、句型转换 coal m_____. 21. The problem was so difficult that I couldn’t 3、 Have you ever visited the Suez C______? work it out. 4、 Human beings need food, clothing and s______. The problem was too difficult _____ ____ ____ ___. 5、 Two teachers will be invited as j______ in the singing competition. 6、I’d like to express my _______（真挚的）thanks for your timely help. 7.Do you use ______（电） for cooking? 8. The pipe ______（破裂）and water spouted out. 9.It is a great ____（光荣的事）to receive that prize. 10. _______（极度的）poverty still exists in many rural areas in Africa. 二、用动词适当形式填空 1. The moment he felt the house ______ (shake), he ran out of it. 12. As soon as he saw the guests coming, he ______ (rise) to say hello to them. 13、Hearing the bad news, she _(burst) into tears. 14. The soldiers have successfully ______ (dig) the freight truck out of the snow. 15. I was much ______ (shock) when I heard about your accident. 16. All our attempts ______ (rescue) the child from drowning were in vain. 17. _______ of the sharks in the ocean, the man didn’t dare to start a trans-Atlantic race with his wife. 18. The house was half ______ (bury) underground.
19. ______ (judge) from his accent, he must come
22. He felt disappointed as they didn’t take his
words seriously. He felt disappointed as they ___ ___ __ his words. 23. It’s known to us that all ants don’t go out for food. As we know, _____ _____ _____ go out for food. 24. It seems that nobody knew anything about the matter. Nobody seems___ ____ __anything about the matter. 25. Everywhere Yao Ming goes, people can recognize him. ______ ______ ______ Yao Ming goes, people can recognize him. 四、用适当的关系代词填空
26. The park will honour those ______ helped the survivors. 27. He is the very man ______ bought our textbooks here yesterday. 28. Here is the girl ______ brother is an engineer. 29. My friend showed me round the town, ______ was very kind of him. 30. He isn’t the person ______ he used to be.
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