一、初三中考语法填空(含答案详细解析)
1.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 About ten years ago when I was at university, I worked at my university's museum. One day ________ I was working in the gift shop, I saw two old people come ________ with a little girl in a wheelchair (轮椅).
As I looked closer ________ this girl, I realized she had no arms or legs, just a head, neck and body. She was ________ (wear) a little white dress. When the old people pushed her up to me, I was looking down at the desk. I turned my head and gave ________ (she) a smile. As I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back at the girl, who was giving me the cutest, ________ (happy) smile I had ever seen.
Just at that ________ , her physical handicap (生理缺陷) was gone. All I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just impressed me ________ almost gave me a completely new idea of what life is all about. She took me from a poor, unhappy university student and brought me into her world, a world of smiles and love.
That was ten years ago. I'm a ________ (success) business person now and whenever I feel frustrated and think about the trouble of the world, I will think of that little girl and the unusual lesson about life that she ________ (teach) me.
【答案】 when/while;in;at;wearing;her;the happiest;time/moment;and;successful;taught
【解析】【分析】文章大意:大学期间遇到的一个坐轮椅的小女孩,她的可爱的乐观的微笑改变了我的人生观。十多年以来,她的微笑始终激励着我。
(1)句意:有一天,我在礼品店工作时,看到两个老人带着一个坐轮椅的小女孩进来。分析句式结构可知,I was working in the gift shop是一个时间状语从句,要用when或while来引导;第一空格故填when或while;因I was working in the gift shop,因此two old people需要进来,我才能看到。固定短语come in,进来,第二个空格故填in。 (2)句意:当我走近这个女孩时,我发现她没有胳膊或腿,只有头、脖子和身体。根据后面语句I realized she had no arms or legs, just a head, neck and body. 可知,我近距离地看到了这个小女孩。固定短语look at,看到,故填at。
(3)句意:她穿着一件白色的小裙子。wear,穿,动词,根据前面的was可知,此句要用过去进行时,故填wearing。
(4)句意:我转过头对她笑了笑。she,人称代词主格,她;固定短语give sb. sth.给某人某物,人称代词作give的宾语要用宾格,故填her。
(5)句意:她给了我一个我所见过的最可爱、最快乐的微笑。happy,开心,快乐。根据语句中的the cutest与I had ever seen可知此空要用最高级,故填the happiest。
(6)句意:就在那时,她的生理缺陷消失了。固定短语at that time,at that moment,在那时,故填time或moment。
(7)句意:我看到的只是一个美丽的女孩,她的微笑给我留下了深刻的印象,几乎让我对生活的意义有了全新的认识。分析句式结构impressed me与almost gave me a,……是小
女孩的微笑给我的影响,二者表示并列,故填and。
(8)句意:我现在是一个成功的商人。success,名词,成功。根据语境中的business person可知此空需要形容词,故填successful。
(9)句意:每当我感到沮丧,想到世界上的麻烦时,我就会想起那个小女孩,以及她教给我的关于生活的不寻常的教训。teach,动词,教。根据语境可知此句要用过去时,故填taught。
【点评】考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格通读全文,了解大意,然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答,注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素,最后通读一遍,并逐一验证。
2.语法填空
Last night I went to a concert of Chinese folk music. ________ piece which was played on the echo especially moved me. I was made________(feel)sad and painful ________(strong).The piece ________(name)Erquan Yingyue, but it was one of ________(move)pieces of music that I've ever heard. The echo sounded so sad ________ I almost cried along with it as I listened. Abing, ________ was a folk musician, wrote the music. He could play many musical ________(instrument) with his father's help. By age 17, he was known ________ his musical skills. Today, Abing's Erquan Yingyue is a piece which all the greatest echo masters play and praise. It ________(become)one of China's national treasures.
【答案】 The;to feel;strongly;was named;the most moving;that;who;instruments;for;has become
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了作者对二泉映月这首曲子的感受和了解。
(1)句意: 回声中播放的那首曲子尤其打动我。根据 which was played on the echo 可知做piece的后置定语,故piece表示特指用定冠词,位于句首首字母大写,故填The。 (2)句意: 我强烈地感到悲伤和痛苦。was made to do,固定搭配,被迫做,故填to feel。
(3)句意:我强烈地感到悲伤和痛苦。副词修饰动词feel,strongly,是副词,强烈地,故填strongly。
(4)句意: 这首曲子叫二泉映月,但它是我听过的最动人的乐章之一。 name和piece是被动关系,描述过去用一般过去时,主语是piece名词单数故助动词是was,故填was。 (5)句意:这首曲子叫二泉映月,但它是我听过的最动人的乐章之一。one of是最高级的标志,was是系动词其后是形容词,修饰物用ing结尾的形容词,故此处是moving是多音节单词,最高级是the most+moving的形式,故填 the most moving 。
(6)句意: 回声听起来如此悲伤,我听着几乎要哭了。so...that,固定搭配,如此……以至于,引导结果状语从句,故填that。
(7)句意: 阿炳是一名民间音乐家,他创作了这首音乐。定语从句中缺少主语指代人阿炳故用who,故填who。
(8)句意: 在他父亲的帮助下,他可以演奏许多乐器。many修饰名词复数,故填 instruments 。
(9)句意: 到17岁时,他的音乐技能已经广为人知。be known for,固定搭配,因……而出名,故填for。
(10)句意: 它成为中国的国宝之一。现在完成时表示对现在的影响,或现在的结果,主语是it第三人称单数,故助动词是has,故填 has become 。
【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,语态,非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。
3.阅读下面短文,在空白处填人适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to a study, about 85% of Grade 11 students in Canada have their own mobile phones. About 52% of Grade 7 students and 24% of Grade 4 students also carry mobile phones. In many schools, students must turn off their mobile phones and leave ________ in their schoolbags during school hours. Some schools even don't allow students ________ (take) mobile phones to school.
Do you know why these schools don't want students to use mobile phones at school? One of the main ________ (reason) is that mobile phones can distract(使分心) students ________ their study.
Many of these mobile phones are \"smartphones\(use) to surf the Internet, send text messages, play games, take ________ (photo) and listen to music. Mr. Jackson says, \"Many teachers like me are also ________ (worry) that students will use mobile phones to cheat (作弊) in tests, or to record videos of teachers or other students and post them online.\"
________, some people have different opinions. They think mobile phones are ________ (use) at school. Students can use them in class ________ (watch) educational videos online. Mobile phones can be especially useful in the schools where there aren't enough computers. What's more, some parents want to be able to reach their children during the day. They want their children to take mobile phones all the time.
【答案】 them;to take;reasons;from;used;photos;worried;However;useful;to watch
【解析】【分析】文章大意:短文谈论了学生在学校带手机的问题,有人主张不允许带手机,二另一部分人认为应该带,可以帮助孩子们学习。
(1)句意:在许多学校,学生必须关闭手机,并把手机放在书包里。空缺处指代的是mobile phones,在句中做宾语,因此使用宾格人称代词them,故答案是them。 (2)句意:一些学校甚至不允许学生带手机去学校。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事,固定搭配,应使用动词不定式,故答案是to take。
(3)句意:一个主要的原因就是手机使学生对于学习分心。reason原因,可数名词,在one of结构中,应使用复数形式,故答案是reasons。
(4)句意:一个主要的原因就是手机使学生对于学习分心。distract sb. from sth.分散某人对于某物的注意力,固定搭配,故答案是from。
(5)句意:许多手机是智能手机,他们能用来上网,发短信,玩游戏或者拍照。本句为被动语态,在被动语态中,动词使用过去分词,故答案是used。
(6)句意:许多手机是智能手机,他们能用来上网,发短信,玩游戏或者拍照。take photos拍照,固定搭配,故答案是photos。
(7)句意:许多像我一样的老师担心学生在考试中用手机作弊,或者给老师或者学生录像,并上传到网上。are后跟形容词worried作表语,故答案是worried。
(8)句意:然而,一些人有不同的观点。后面陈述的与前面陈述的意思是不一致的,应是只用转折词,因为在句首,因此使用however,注意首字母要大写,故答案是However。
(9)句意:他们认为手机在学校有用。be动词后需要使用形容词作表语,因此将use改为useful,故答案是useful。
(10)句意:学生可以在课上观看教学视频。看视频是使用手机的目的,应使用动词不定式做目的状语。故答案是to watch。
【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素,最后通读一遍检查验证。
4.阅读下面短文,在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空1个单词。 Dear Ms. Zhang,
Last week, my friend Liu Lei came round with a new computer game and asked to play it on my dad's computer. I was worried, ________(连词)I should ask my dad before I use his computer. He uses it for ________(he) work, and I can only use it for my homework. The reason is that he thinks something will go wrong if I play ________(game) on it.
Well, while my dad was out, we decided to ________(try) out Liu Lei's game. We copied it to the computer, and after we finished ________(play), we took it off the computer. However, when I________(start) the computer again to check if everything was OK, some of my dad's documents were missing. Then, when my dad used the computer last night, he was ________ (real) angry. He could no longer find the important documents anywhere. I did not tell him about________(冠词)computer game because I did not want him to be angry ________(介词)me. Now I feel terrible. I am not sure whether a computer repair ________(shop) can get the documents back. Should I tell him about the computer game? Should I pay to repair it?
Your student, Feng Guoxing
【答案】 because/since/as;his;games;try;playing;started;really;the;with;shop 【解析】【分析】大意:短文主要介绍了学生Feng Guoxin在他爸爸的电脑上打游戏,结果导致了一些重要文件的丢失。爸爸很生气,因此Feng Guoxin不知道是否该向爸爸坦白游戏的事,他为此烦恼并向张老师倾诉。
(1)句意:我很担心,因为我在使用电脑之前应该问一下我爸爸。根据 I was worried我很担心,可知是因为我在使用电脑之前应该问一下我爸爸,应用连词 because/since/as表“因为”。故答案为 because/since/as 。
(2)句意:他用电脑来工作。根据形容词修饰名词,可知此处应用he的形容词性物主代词his来修饰名词work。故答案为his。
(3)句意:如果我在上面玩游戏。根据前面无不定冠词和单数限定词,可知此处应用名词game的复数形式games。故答案为games。
(4)句意:我们决定试试刘磊的游戏。根据固定搭配decide to do sth.决定去做某事,可知此处应用动词try的原形。故答案为try。
(5)句意:在我们玩完游戏之后。根据固定搭配finish doing sth.完成做某事,可知此处应用动词play的ing形式playing。故答案为playing。
(6)句意:然而,当我重启电脑去检查一切是否正常的时候,我爸爸的一些重要文件不见了。根据上文谓语took,可知动作为过去发生,本句时态应为一般过去时,此处应用动词start的过去式started。故答案为started。
(7)句意:他真的很生气。根据副词修饰形容词,可知此处应用形容词real的副词形式really修饰形容词angry。故答案为really。
(8)句意:我没有告诉他关于电脑游戏的事。根据computer game电脑游戏,可知此处特指刘磊的电脑游戏,表特指应用定冠词the。故答案为the。
(9)句意:因为我不想他对我生气。根据固定搭配be angry with sb.对某人生气,可知此处应用介词with。故答案为with。
(10)句意:我不确定电脑维修店能不能找回不见的文件。根据不定冠词a,可知此处应用可数名词单数shop。故答案为shop。
【点评】考查语法填空,注意根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。
5.阅读下面短文,按照句子结构和上下午连贯要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。
Jason and Andy are twins. They share a lot of things, including room, food and toys.
One Saturday, Jason and Andy went out ________(play) with a toy car. Both of them wanted to be the owner of the car, so they shouted at each other. ________(They) mother heard the boys arguing. She came out and told them to take turns to play with the toy car, but the twins wouldn't.
A few days later, Mother brought ________ pet home. \"Can't we each have our own pet dog?\" asked the boys. They were ________(tire) of sharing everything.
\"No! The dog must ________ (share).\" Mother said. \"You will have to feed the dog and make sure it does not get into anything wrong.\"
Several days later, the dog got into mother's room ________(secret) and made a mess there. Jason saw the dog playing with mother's clothes. He quickly went to find Andy and told him ________ the dog had done.
\"Oh, no! It's our duty to clean up the mess!\" ________(cry) Andy. They boys picked up the
clothes and put them away rapidly.
\"Just think, Jason,\" said Andy, \"what a big mess two ________(dog) would made!\" \"I agree ________ you,\" laughed Jason, \"Maybe sharing isn't so bad!\"
【答案】 to play;Their;a;tired;be shared;secretly;what;cried;dogs;with 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了兄弟两人通过养狗学会了分享。
(1)句意: 一个星期六,杰森和安迪带着一辆玩具车出去玩 。go out to do,固定搭配,出去做某事,故填 to play。
(2)句意: 他们的母亲听到男孩们在争吵。mother是名词,其前是形容词性物主代词,they的形容词性物主代词是their,他们的,故填Their。
(3)句意: 几天后,妈妈带了一只宠物回家。dog是可数名词单数,前面应用冠词限定。pet以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a,故填a。
(4)句意: 他们厌倦了分享一切。be tired of doing sth.,固定搭配,厌烦做某事,故填 tired。
(5)句意: “不!这只狗必须分享。”母亲说。share与dog是被动关系,must是情态动词,故用must be done,故填 be shared。
(6)句意: 几天后,这只狗悄悄地进入母亲的房间,把那里弄得一团糟。副词修饰动词短语got into,secret的副词是secretly,故填 secretly。
(7)句意: 他很快去找安迪,并告诉他狗做了什么。宾语从句中缺少宾语,故用what指代事或物,故填what。
(8)句意: 哦,不!收拾烂摊子是我们的责任!”安迪喊道。描述过去用一般过去时,cry的过去式是cried,故填 cried。
(9)句意: 两条狗会弄得多糟啊!dog是可数名词,two修饰可数名词复数,故在dog后直接加s,故填dogs。
(10)句意:“我同意你,”杰森大笑说,“或许分享不是那么坏。”agree with sb.,固定搭配,同意某人,故填with。
【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,语态,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。
6.阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入适当的词或使用括号中单词的正确形式填空。
Exam time! Most kids don't like exams, ________ we can't live without them. They play an important role in our lives.
Exams are not all the same. There are ________ kinds. One kind tests our knowledge and skills. The other kind helps find excellent students in different fields. For example, universities ________ (use) it to choose students.
At middle school, exams are about answering ________ (question) on paper. At university, doing an experiment or even ________ (draw) a picture can also be exams.
Kids in different ________ take different exams. In the USA, many school children do a book report or a science report ________ part of their exams. In Australia, middle school students need to use ________ they have learnt in class to make speeches. Sometimes, teamwork is part
of an exam.
So exams are our lifetime \"friends\". Be nice and ________ (patient) with them. They ________(help) to make US better than before.
【答案】 but;two;use;questions;drawing;countries;as;what;patient;will help 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了考试是我们一生的“朋友”,善待他们,耐心对待他们,他们会帮助我们变得比以前更好。
(1)句意: 大多数孩子不喜欢考试,但是没有考试我们无法生活。根据don't like exams不喜欢和we can't live without them离不开可知此处是转折关系,故用连词but,但是,故填but。
(2)句意: 考试不尽相同,共有两种。根据下文的one和the other可知是两者,故是基数词two,两个,故填two。
(3)句意: 例如,大学用它来选择学生。描述客观事实用一般现在时,主语是名词复数 universities,故谓语动词是动词原形,use是动词,故填use。
(4)句意: 在中学,考试是关于在纸上回答问题的。answer question,回答问题,故question是名词,表示泛指用复数形式,故填 questions。
(5)句意: 在大学里,做实验甚至画画也可能也是考试。根据 doing an experiment or可知or前后一致,故此处用动名词做主语,draw是动词,故填 drawing。
(6)句意: 不同国家的孩子参加不同的考试。根据 different后是名词复数,下文提到美国,加拿大等国家,故此处是名词国家,country,故填 countries。
(7)句意: 在美国,许多学生在考试中会做读书报告或科学报告。此处缺少介词,根据report可知此处是作为某个报告内容,as是介词,故填as。
(8)句意: 在澳大利亚,中学生需要用他们在课堂上学过的东西来演讲。此处是宾语从句,learn后缺少宾语,故用what指代物,故填what。
(9)句意:善待他们,耐心对待他们。be系动词后缺少形容词,be patient with,对……有耐心,固定搭配,故填 patient。
(10)句意:他们会帮助我们变得比以前更好。根据 Be nice可知祈使句后是将来时,help是动词 , 故填 will help。
【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。
7.阅读下面短文,根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的,限填一词),使文章意思完整、正确。
Some people still live in their home town. However, others may only visit________once or twice a year. Millions of Chinese leave the countryside________(search)for work in the cities. Among these is Hua Xing. He________(live)in Wenzhou for the last 13 years. With a hard job________a factory, he seldom visits his home town.\" I haven't been back for three years. It's________(shame), \"he says. ________(develop) have been good in Hua Xing's home town since 2002, for example, new roads________(appear). A new school ________(build). However, some things will never change in his home town. The big old tree is still beside the playground. Children in his time________(usual) liked to play together under it. It
was________happy childhood.
【答案】 it;to search/searching;has lived/has been living;in;shameful;Developments;have appeared;has been built;usually;such/really
【解析】【分析】文章大意:一些人生活在自己的家乡,而另外一些人可能会一年回一到两次家去遥远的城市打工。一个叫华兴的人在温州打工13年,却回家三次,但是他对家乡的记忆永远不会改变。
(1)句意:然而其他人可能一年探视一次或两次自己的家乡。空缺处指代的是前面提到的their hometown,为避免重复,应使用it指代,故答案是it。
(2)句意:成千万的中国人离开农村去城市找工作。去城市找工作是离开农村的原因,应使用动词不定式或现在分词做状语,故答案是to search/searching。
(3)句意:他在温州住了十三年了。根据可知应使用现在完成时或者完成进行时,故答案是 has lived/has been living 。
(4)句意:在一个工厂做繁重的工作,他很少回家。a factory作定语修饰job表示工作的处所,应使用介词in,故答案是in。
(5)句意:很丢脸。is后跟形容词作表语表示主语的状态,因此将shamel改为shameful,故答案是shameful。
(6)句意:从2002年以来华兴的家乡已经发展的不错了。空缺处是句子的主语,应使用名词,因此将develop改为development,根据助动词have可知使用复数形式,故答案是Developments。
(7)句意:新的大路已经出现。本句在举例说明家乡发生的变化,应使用现在完成时,主语为复数,助动词使用have,故答案是have appeared。
(8)句意:一所新的学校已经建成。本句在举例说明家乡发生的变化,应使用现在完成时,学校是接受建造的,应使用被动语态,被动语态的完成时结构为have been done,主语是单数,助动词使用has,故答案是has been built。
(9)句意:他那时候的孩子通常喜欢在树下一起玩。usual做状语修饰动词liked,应使用副词形式,故答案是usually。
(10)句意:真的是如此幸福的童年。空缺处需要副词做状语,符合语境的副词有such和really,故答案是 such/really 。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍,检查验证。
8.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Nowadays, with the development of Internet technology, two-dimensional code (二维码) is very popular among us. It's also ________ (call) quick response code (QR code). It's a group of black square dots on a white background. This special code was invented ________ a Japanese company in 1994. It's ________ (wide) used all over the world.
QR code is used ________ (store) information. It can also store pictures. It is easy to use a QR code. If you want to get the information, just take out your cellphone and scan (扫描) the
code by a special app, and then you can get ________ easily.
Today, QR codcs are popular in China. There are QR codes on televisions and the Internet. The codes have been used and printed on Chinese train tickets ________ 2010. When a machine scans the code on the ticket, information of the ticket owner and the train ________ (appear) on the screen in a few seconds.
QR codes have many special uses. For example, in 2008, ________ Japanese company planned to put QR codes on gravestones (墓碑). By scanning the code, visitors could get information about the departed (去世的) person. Recently, special cards ________ QR codes were introduced to old people in some cities in China. If they get ________ (lose), people can know about their names, addresses and telephone numbers of their family members by scanning the codes.
【答案】 called;by;widely;to store;it;since;will appear;a;with;lost 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了二维码的应用。
(1)句意: 它也叫做快速响应码。根据call与主语是被动关系,已有助动词is,故此处是过去分词,故填called。
(2)句意: 这种特殊代码是1994年一家日本公司发明的。根据 was invented是被动语态可知用介词by,被,故填by。
(3)句意: 全世界都广泛地使用它。副词修饰动词used,widely是副词 , 故填 widely。
(4)句意: 二维码码用于储存信息。 be used to do,被用来做某事,故此处是不定式,故填 to store。
(5)句意: 那么你可以很容易地得到信息 。information是不可数名词,故此处用it指代,做宾语,故填it。
(6)句意: 自从2010年以来,这些代码已经被使用并印在中国火车票上。根据 The codes have been used 可知时态是现在完成时,since+时间点2010,是现在完成时的标志,故填since。
(7)句意: 当机器扫描火车票上的代码时,几秒钟后火车票所有者和火车的信息就会出现在屏幕上。when引导的时间状语从句,时态是主将从现,故此处的主句是将来时will+动词原形 , 故填 will appear。
(8)句意: 例如,2008年,一家日本公司计划在墓碑上贴二维码。Japanese是名词单数,用辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a,表示泛指 , 故填a。
(9)句意:近年来,我国部分城市向老年人推出了二维码专用卡。此处缺少介词,做后置定语,根据 special cards 和 QR codes可知是一种携带关系,with,有……,故填with。 (10)句意:如果他们迷路了,人们可以通过扫描密码知道他们的家庭成员的姓名、地址和电话号码。get lost,迷路,固定搭配,故填lost。
【点评】考查语法填空,注意适当调整词性,时态和介词等用法。
9.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式(每空最多不超过3个单词)。
Thomas Edison was a great American ________ (invent).When he was________child, he
was always asking questions and trying out new ideas. No matter________ hard it was, he never gave up.
Young Tom was in school for only three ________ (month). His teacher didn't understand why he had so many strange questions. Most of ________(they) were not about his lessons. The teacher didn't want to teach Tom any more. He asked Tom's mother to take the boy home. Tom's mother taught him ________ (read) and write, and she found him a very good student. He learnt very fast and became very ________(interest) in science.
One day, he saw a little boy ________(play) on the railway tracks (铁轨) at a station. A train was coming near quickly, and the boy was too frightened (恐惧) to move. Edison rushed out and took him away ________ (safe). The boy's father was so thankful that he taught Edison to send messages ________telegraph (电报).
【答案】 inventor;a;how;months;them;to read;interested;playing;safely;by 【解析】【分析】这篇短文简要介绍了著名发明家爱迪生的生平,他因为发明了电灯,从而改变了人们的生活。并且短文详细描述了爱迪生的人格特点。
(1)句意:托马斯·爱迪生是一位伟大的美国发明家。根据 a great American是形容词,故前后是名词单数,invent是动词,名词是inventor。故填inventor。
(2)句意:当他还是个孩子的时候,他总是问问题。child是以辅音音素开头的单数名词,故用不定冠词a表示泛指。故填a。
(3)句意:无论多么困难,他都不会放弃。hard是副词,根据语序it was可知,no matter how表示\"无论如何\"的意思,引导让步状语从句。故填how。
(4)句意:小汤姆只上了三个月的学。基数词three后用复试形式months。故填months。
(5)句意:他问的问题大部分都与他的功课无关。of是介词,其后应该要用宾格形式,they的宾格是them。故填them。
(6)句意:汤姆的母亲教他读写。taught是teach的过去式,教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth.,故填to read。
(7)句意:她妈妈发现他是个很好的学生。他学得很快,对科学很感兴趣。对什么感兴趣be interested in sth.是个固定短语搭配。故填interested。
(8)句意:一天,他看到一个小男孩在火车站的铁轨上玩耍。saw是see的过去式,看到某人在做某事应为see sb. doing sth.,故填playing。
(9)句意:一列火车很快就要开过来了,男孩吓得不敢动。爱迪生冲过去把他带到了安全的地方。took是take的过去式,take是动词应该用副词来修饰,safe是形容词,副词是safety。故填safely。
(10)句意:这个男孩的父亲非常感激爱迪生,教他用电报发送消息。by通过某种方法、手段。表示传达、传递的方式或媒介。故填by。
【点评】考查语言综合运用能力,注意名词复数,词性,介词,和see sb. doing sth的固定搭配等多种用法。
10.语法填空
From deserts and beaches to playgrounds, sand is a common sight. But you might not know that sand is also a useful resource. Sand is the second most-used resource in the world after water, the BBC reported. However, the UN said that sand is not limitless and that we might be running out of ________.
Sand is made up of very small ________ (piece) of rock, soil and minerals(矿物质). It can take tens of thousands of years to form. But now we are using sand more________ (quick) than it is being formed. According to the BBC, we use about 15 billion tons of sand every year ________ build houses, roads and other things. People also put sand in the________ [si:] to make new islands. For example, the Palm islands are made up of three________ [lɑːdʒ] man-made islands in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. In 2010, they ________ (take) 94 million cubic meters of sand to build. If people keep________(use) this much sand, it will run out in many places. For example, Vietnam may run out of construction sand by 2020, Live Science noted.
________ [sins] people need so much sand, they are trying to mine(开采) more of it. But this is bad for the environment. Mining sand may ________ beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea. Also, this may affect the habitats (栖息地) of many plants and animals.
【答案】 it;pieces;quickly;to;sea;large;took;using;Since;cause 【解析】【分析】大意:本文主要介绍了沙子这种常见的景观。
(1)句意:然而,联合国说,沙子并不是无限的,我们有可能会用完它们。run out of“用完,用尽”的意思。这里用it来指代上文的沙子(sand是不可数名词)。故答案为:it。 (2)句意:沙子由非常小的岩石、土壤和矿物质组成。根据rock, soil and minerals(矿物质)可知,这是几种成分,因此piece用复数pieces。故答案为:pieces。
(3)句意:但现在我们使用沙子的速度比它形成的速度要快。根据副词修饰动词可知,此处应用形容词quick的副词形式quickly修饰动词use“使用”。故答案为:quickly。 (4)句意:据英国广播公司报道,我们每年用大约150亿吨沙子建造房屋、道路和其他东西。根据固定搭配 use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某物,可知此处用动词不定式to do做目的状语。故答案为:to。
(5)句意:人们还把沙子放进海里,制造新的岛屿。由语境和音标[si:]提示可知,填:
sea。故答案为:sea。
(6)句意:例如,棕榈岛由阿拉伯联合酋长国迪拜的三个大型人工岛屿组成的。由语境和音标[lɑːdʒ]提示可知,填:large,three large man-made islands三个大型的人工岛屿。故答案为:large。
(7)句意:2010年,他们用9400万立方米的沙子建造。根据时间状语In 2010可知,本题的时态为一般过去时。动词take的过去式为took。故答案为:took。
(8)句意:如果人们继续使用这么多沙子,它会在很多地方用完。根据固定搭配keep doing sth. 继续做某事,可知此处应用动名词做宾语,动词use的动名词为using。故答案为:using。
(9)句意:由于人们需要这么多沙子,他们正试图开采更多的沙子。由语境和音标 [sins] 提示可知,填:since,表自……以来、因为、由于。句首单词首字母要大写。故答案为:Since。
(10)句意:开采沙可能会导致海滩消失,在靠近大海的地方会发生更多的洪水。根据beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea海滩消失,在靠近大海的地方会发生更多的洪水,可知这些是开采沙所导致的后果,因此填:cause。may是情态动词,后跟动词原形。故答案为:cause。
【点评】考查语法填空,注意根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。
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