兰生特殊词性转换专练
depend, describe, depress, detect, depart diligent, design, approve, disappoint, devote
1. His ___________was unexpected.
2. It was because of my complete ___________on her skill and experience. 3. He committed suicide because of the___________. 4. The scenery was beautiful beyond___________.
5. He commanded the respect of us, because he was a leader of courage and___________. 6. He pursues his aims with great___________.
7. Why did the director express his ___________of our plan.
8. To our___________, the government failed to turn its promise into reality.
9. A ___________ is someone whose job is to make plans or patterns for clothes, furniture, equipment, etc.
10. She hired a private ___________to find out if her husband had an affair. Keys:
1. departure 2. dependence 3. depression 4. description 5. devotion 6. diligence 7. disapproval 8. disappointment 9. designer 10. detective
动词适当形式填空
1. You’ve failed to do what you to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you.(expect) 2. We _______ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.(work)
3. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _______ at the culture show of the 2010
Shanghai World Expo.(exhibit)
4. The book has been translated into thirty languages since it on the market in 1973.(come) 5. The palace caught fires three times in the last century, and little of the original building now.(remain)
6. — Why do you want to work for our company?
—This is the job that I for.(look)
7. If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you __ fresh watermelon in the fall.(eat)
8. For many years, people electric ears. However, making them has been more difficult
than predicted.(dream of)
9. Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.(have)
10. The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.(restore) Keys:
were expected have been working are been exhibited came remains
Have been looking will be eating have dreamed
of have is being restored
首字母原创改编 A
It's a c___1___ sight to see food delivery workers riding electric bikes through big cities in China. Most of them seem to be in a hurry, as they run red lights to deliver their meals in time. However, such reckless (鲁莽的) behavior often causes serious problems.
In the first half of this year, food delivery drivers had 76 traffic accidents in Shanghai alone,
according to the Shanghai Public Security Bureau. This means that on a___2___, there is a food delivery worker that gets hurt or even dies on the road in Shanghai every 2.5 days.
Other cities also share s___3___ problems. In Nanjing, three people died and 2473 were injured in road accidents related to food delivery workers in the same period, according to the Ministry of Public Security.
The rise of reckless behavior among food delivery workers is closely related to the growing demand for their service, reported People`s Daily. About 150 million people in China use food delivery services, according to China Radio International (CRI). Such a big market has l__4___ to a large demand for food delivery workers, with some companies offering high salaries to attract new workers.
However, food delivery workers are often under high pressure from their employers. They face company fines of 20 yuan for delivering food late and upwards of 200 yuan for receiving complaints, reported CRI. Moreover, the more orders they take, the more commission （佣金）they can earn, leading to some workers checking their mobile phones for new orders w___5____ they're riding their bikes.
While most companies have measures requiring delivery workers to follow traffic rules, \"there remains a problem of w__6____ these requirements and rules for delivery workers are truly entering their ears, brains and hearts, \"Wang Liang, deputy head of the Traffic Police Security Bureau, told news website The Paper.
To solve the Problem, some cities have taken action. Shanghai has asked companies to train their workers on traffic rules and safety, Now in Shenzhen, if a delivery worker gets caught b-___7__ traffic rules more than twice, he or she will be banned from driving food delivery vehicles for a whole year.
【答案及解析】 1. common
由第一段可知，在中国的大城市，经常可以看到骑着电动车送外卖的外卖小哥。根据句意，此处为common，common sight 指常见的情形或现象。 2. average
由句意可知，上半年上海市由外卖配送员送外卖引起的交通事故就有76起，这也意味着，每两天半就有一名外卖配送员在配送过程中受伤甚至导致丧生。 3. similar
由后文可知，南京也存在外卖配送员引起的交通事故，因此此处为similar。 4. led
根据段落大意，我国当前巨大的食物配送市场促使一大批外卖配送员的出现。此处考察句意与固定搭配，注意句子的时态。 5. while
根据句意，外卖配送员的订单越多，他们挣得佣金也更多，这就导致，很多配送员在汽车配送的过程中还在查看手机上是否有更多的订单。此处应为连词while。 6. whether
由句意可知,尽管很多公司要求外卖配送员要遵守交通法规，但外卖配送员是否真正会遵守交通规则，这仍然是一个问题。此处应为whether，宾语从句介词的连接词为whether。 7. breaking
由上文可知，在深圳，如果一名外卖配送员违反交通规则超过两次，那么他将被禁止在一年内从事外卖配送工作。此处考察句意理解，break traffic rules 违反交通法规。
【词汇拓展】
1. reckless (adj) 轻率的; 不计后果的; 鲁莽的; 无所顾忌的 Eg: He is charged with causing death by reckless driving. 他被控危险驾驶致人死亡。
2. Bureau (n) （政府或组织机构的）局，所，司，处，属 the Federal Bureau of Investigation. 联邦调查局 3. commission (n) (银行或公司收取的) 服务费，手续费 Eg: Sellers pay a fixed commission fee. 卖方支付固定的服务费。 4. deputy (n) 副职; 副手; 副主管 the Deputy Secretary of State助理国务卿 5. ban (v) （明令）禁止；取缔
Eg: Canada will ban smoking in all offices later this year. 加拿大将从今年晚些时候起在办公场所全面禁烟。
【长难句解析】
1. The rise of reckless behavior among food delivery workers is closely related to the growing demand for their service, reported People`s Daily. About 150 million people in China use food delivery services, according to China Radio International (CRI). Such a big market has led to a
large demand for food delivery workers, with some companies offering high salaries to attract new workers.
解析：中国日报报道称：越来越多的外卖配送员冒着违规的风险送外卖，与行业内与日俱增的需求量紧密相关。根据中国广播电视台，目前中国有1.5亿人在享受外卖服务。如此大的市场需要更多的外卖配送员，同时配送公司提供了高额薪水吸引力更多的人从事外卖配送行
业。
2. However, food delivery workers are often under high pressure from their employers. They face company fines of 20 yuan for delivering food late and upwards of 200 yuan for receiving complaints, reported CRI. Moreover, the more orders they take, the more commission （佣金）they can earn, leading to some workers checking their mobile phones for new orders while they're riding their bikes.
解析:不过，外卖配送员也常常要经受来自老板的压力。据中国广播公司电台报道，外卖配送迟到，配送员罚款20元，如果收到用户的投诉，罚金高达200元。但配送员的订单越多，他们挣得佣金也越多。这就导致，很多配送员在骑车配送的过程中还在查看手机上是否有更多的订单。
【出题方向】
本文为一篇报道型文章，针对当下外卖配送员引起交通事故的现象进行探讨，反映出当前外卖配送服务业存在的一些问题。文章生词较少，贴近生活，属于报道常见的文章，考察学生对报纸杂志类文章的理解，以及对文章整体性的把握，鼓励学生观察生活并关注生活问题。对学生理解能力和文章概括能力有一定的要求。
B
The largest genetic study of mosquitoes has found their ability to resist insecticides is evolving rapidly and spreading across Africa, putting millions of people at higher risk of contracting malaria（疟疾）.
British scientists who led the work said mosquitoes growing resistance to control tools s 1 as insecticide-treated bed nets and insecticide spraying, which have helped cut malaria cases since 2000, now threatens “to disturb malaria control” in Africa.
Our study highlights the s 2 challenges facing public efforts to control mosquitoes and to manage and limit insecticide resistance, \"said Martin Donnelly of the Liverpool School of
Tropical Medicine, who worked on the study with a team from Britain’s Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
Latest World Health Organization (WHO) data show that 216 million people were i 3 last year with the malaria parasite which is transmitted by blood-sucking Anopheles mosquitoes. The disease killed 445,000 people in 2016, and the m 4 of them were children in sub-Saharan Africa.
To understand h 5 mosquitoes are evolving, the researchers sequenced the DNA of 765 wild Anopheles mosquitoes taken from 15 locations across eight African countries. Their work, p 6 in the journal Nature on Wednesday, created the largest data resource on natural genetic variation for any species of insect.
Analyzing the data, the scientists found that the Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes（冈比亚疟蚊） were e 7 genetically diverse（多样化的）compared with most other animal species. This high genetic diversity enables rapid evolution, they said, and helps to explain how mosquitoes develop insecticide resistance so quickly.
The data also showed the rapid e 8 of insecticide resistance appeared to be due to many previously unknown genetic variants within certain genes. The scientists said these genetic variants for insecticide resistance were not only emerging independently in different parts of Africa, but were also being spread a 9 the continent by mosquito migration.
Michael Chew, an expert at Britain's Wellcome Trust global health charity which helped fund the research, said the finds underlined the importance of p 10 scientific research ahead to control malaria.
Global efforts to control malaria through effective vaccine, insecticides and the best drug combinations require urgent, united action by scientists, drug companies, governments and the WHO.
【答案及解析】 1. such
句中列举了一些控制蚊虫的工具，such as表示例如。 2. severe
此空后面是一个名词，可判断这里可填形容词。此句指：我们的研究强调了公众致力于控制蚊子所面临的严峻挑战。严峻的可用severe。 3. infected
WHO的数据显示去年2.16亿人被疟疾寄生虫感染到了。感染用infect，注意被动语态。 4. majority
这个疾病导致2016年44.5万人死亡，其中大多数为儿童。majority表示大多数。
5. how
句意可推测为：为了理解蚊子如何进化……此空须填一个疑问副词作为引导词。 6. published
他们的作品发表于周三的自然杂志上。发表用publish，注意非谓语的用法。 7. extremely
根据句子成分来看，句子较为完整，此空可填一个副词。结合上下文，此句指相比其他的动物物种，冈比亚疟蚊尤其多样化。 8. evolution
根据rapid以及of可判断，此空应填一个名词。此句指蚊子对于杀虫剂的抵抗力的进化。 9. across
根据文章第一段的The largest genetic study of mosquitoes … and spreading across Africa可判断此空可填across。 10. pushing
这些发现强调了推动科学研究以控制疟疾的重要性。推动用push，注意介词后用动名词。
【词汇聚焦】 mosquito n.蚊子 insecticide n.杀虫剂
resistance n.电阻；阻力；抵抗；抗力 parasite n.食客；寄生物，寄生虫
diverse adj. 不同的，多种多样的；多样化的 sequence v.使按顺序排列，安排顺序；确定…的顺序 variant n.变体；变种，变异体 migration n.迁移，移居
【长难句解析】
British scientists who led the work said mosquitoes growing resistance to control tools such as insecticide-treated bed nets and insecticide spraying, which have helped cut malaria cases since 2000, now threatens “to disturb malaria control” in Africa.
解析：领导这项工作的英国科学家表示，自2000年以来帮助减少了疟疾病例的一些控制工具，蚊子对于越来越强的抵抗力，例如杀虫剂处理的蚊帐和杀虫剂喷洒，现在威胁着“非法控制疟疾”。
【出题方向】
本文是一篇说明文，篇幅较长，有一些生词，文章有些难度。文章主要讲了蚊子基因变化而促成其抗杀虫剂的能力徒增，导致疟疾等疾病的蔓延这样一个问题。这类文章能引起学生对环境以及科学问题的关注和思考。出题主要侧重学生的对上下文的把控和细节的理解，同时注重对语法词性变化的考察，对阅读能力有一定的要求。
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