第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Britain's brilliant bridges have supported trade, brought communities together andare always the mostexciting part of the journey. These must-see bridges are now tourist attractions in their own right.
Clifton Suspension Bridge, Bristol
Described byits legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as “my first love, my darling\designed for horse-drawn traffic. Now, more than four million vehicles a year cross the 1,352ft-long toll（通行费）bridge over the Avon Gorge. The £ 1 toll for every journey pays for its maintenance. The history of the bridge, dating back to 1864, is kept alive through a programme of tours, events and exhibitions.
Infinity Bridge, Stockton-On-Tees
A pedestrian（行人）and cycle footbridge across the River Tees, its working title was the North Shore Footbridge, before it was given its grander name when opened in 2009. It is particularly incredible at night. The arches（拱形）of the bridge are also lit white and, on calm nights, their reflection in the water appears as an infinity（无穷大）symbol, thus inspiring the name which was chosen by the public.
Tower Bridge, London
An engineering wonder built from thousands of tons of Portland stone and steel, it took construction workers eight years to complete. More than 120 years old, it's a popular tourist attraction, as well as a functional bridge. Visitors can take in the views over the capital, experience seeing London life through the Glass Floor, and visit the Victorian Engine Rooms.
Iron Bridge, Shropshire
Opened in 1781 , this is the first arch bridge in the world made out of cast iron. Recognised as one of the great symbols of the industrial revolution, it transformed the craft of bridge building and was a crucial factor in the development of the iron trade in Shropshire. 1. Which bridge has the longest history?
A. Clifton Suspension Bridge. B. Infinity Bridge. C. Tower Bridge. D. Iron Bridge. 2. What can we know about Infinity Bridge?
A. It was originally meant for pedestrains. B. The public give it two names. C. Ifs well worth visiting at night. D. Its arch is bigger than any other bridge's. 3. What makes Clifton Suspension Bridge different from the other bridges introduced? A. It charges drivers for each passing. B. It offers walkers a good view at night. C. It was made from thousands of stones. D. It's a symbol of the industrial revolution.
B
The idea of growing food in a desert would make most people laugh but this is quickly becoming a reality. There are currently two desert farms in the world where quality vegetables are being planted cheaply and easily.
Sundrop Farms, based in South Australia, uses experimental greenhouses to grow tomatoes, peppers and cucumbers. The biggest challenge of growing food in a desert, obviously, is the lack of available water. The researchers at Sundrop Farms have gotten aroundthis problemby using the sun to desalinate (淡化) sea water. It can also be used to control the temperature of the greenhouses.
Without depending on limited resources such as land and fresh water Sundrop Farms has made farming a practice. This can increase the world’s food supplies. Another benefit ofthis kind of farming is that it can be done anywhere, thus reducing the costs of transporting food to distant locations. Yet another benefit is that it reduces the need for pesticides (杀虫剂).
Another experimental desert farm is the Sahara Forest Project, which began in Qatar in December 2012. Greenhouses in the farm are cooled by saltwater. Solar power and other technologies are used together to help make vegetation (植被) grow in the desert environment. As deserts have expanded over recent years around the world due to global warming, this project could solve the problem.
The result form the Qatar project were better than expected and in June of 2014, Jordan agreed to host another one. This will be much bigger than the Qatar project and the project members will have even more opportunities to test their experiments on a much larger scale. It is not clear yet that desert farming resents the future of farming but these projects have shown some success in the field. 4. What does “this problem” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Sea water is bard to purify. B. The desert is short of water.
C. The temperature is high in the desert. D. Desert farms aren’t fit to plant vegetables. 5. What is one of the characters of desert farming?
A. It needs more pesticides. B. It saves delivery costs. C. It has a location limit. D. It solves food waste problems 6. What can we know about the Sabara Forest Project? A. It lives up to expectations B. It can help produce more food C. It is started to prevent global warming D. It uses technology to produce saltwater
7. What can be inferred about desert farming from the last paragraph? A. It still has problems to solve. B. It represents the future of farming. C. Its early success has aroused interest in it. D. Its aim is to create more job opportunities.
C
She is one of mankind’s oldest ancestors and is more than three million years old. New analysis of the arm bones of Lucy, an early hominid, suggests she was a tree climber. Lucy’s remains were uncovered in Ethiopia in the 1970s, with the 3.18 million-year-old skeleton(骨骼)being the most complete of any upright, walking human ancestor. Since she was discovered, researchers have debated whether she spent her life in the trees or spent time walking on the plains as well.
The new evidence from scans of her arm bones proves she spent time climbing and used her arms to pull herself up. The scans were compared with cross sections of humans and chimpanzees, which spend a mixture of time in trees and walking on all fours on the ground. They found that the arm bones were more heavily built, similar to those of chimps, while her lower limbs(下肢)would have meant she walked less efficiently than modern humans. Professor John Kappelman, atUniversityofTexas, believes the advantage of his study was that it focused on characteristics that reflect actual behavior during life, suggesting that evenwhen Lucy walked upright, she may have done so less efficiently than modern humans, limiting her ability to walk long distances on the ground.
Previous studies suggested that Lucy was just 4 feet tall and weighed just 65 pounds. Combining the new data paints a picture of an ancestor who may have spent a great amount of her time in trees. It also expands on evidence from earlier this year which claimed that Lucy may have died from a fall, most likely from a tree. The evidence suggests Lucy may have spent time on the ground, returning to the safety of the trees for food and to sleep, to avoid her enemies.
8. What did the researchers argue about after Lucy was discovered? A. Where she lived. B. How long she lived. C. What she ate. D. How she worked. 9. How could people tell Lucy spent time climbing?
A. By her walking style. B. By her heavily built arm bones. C. By her strong lower limbs. D. By her large cross sections. 10. When Lucy walked, she may________. A. have walked with bigger steps B. have walked at a faster speed C. have walked more efficiently than us D. have walked a shorter distance than us 11. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. Guesses about Lucy’s characteristics. B. Some evidence of Lucy’s health. C. The safety of Lucy. D. The ancestor of Lucy.
D
Jake Oldershaw and his daughter Mollie from Birmingham, Britain have asthma (哮喘). Mollie, 11, has required hospital treatment several times while Jake Says he always finds breathing more difficult when there is heavy traffic. Air quality has an enormous impact on their lives and both noticed a marked improvement during the spring lockdown because of the epidemic (疫情). Jake said, “During lockdown there was a noticeable difference in air quality. I didn't suffer any asthmatic attacks during that period. These days you can feel the effects.”
However, under current COVID-19 restrictions in the UK this winter, many people probably will have to work from home. The Energy and Climate Intelligence Unit (ECIU) says while emissions (排放) have dropped this year because we've been travelling less and doing less, the expected use ofgas boilers to provide heating and hot water could rise by more than half.
Heating accounts for nearly 37% of the UK's total carbon emissions. Modelling by the ECIU suggests a 56% increase in boiler usage this winter resulting in a 12% increase in emissions of carbon. The ECIU says that's enough to offset the last two years' worth of progress on reducing traffic emissions.
Jess Ralston, author of the analysis for the ECIU, said, “Working from home and having increased gas use in the home could be really critical for air pollution and also climate change. The way we heat our homes needs to
change if we are to get to net zero by 2050.”
Jess Ralston said, “The increase in pollution from gas boilers expected this winter provides a graphic illustration (图解) of their forgotten role in air pollution. And it is a role set to continue without practical policies to decarbonize home heating. ”
The government is set to publish its Heat and Buildings Decarbonisation Strategy in a few weeks which is expected to give details on plans to try to switch British homes to cleaner sources of heat. 12. How did the spring lockdown in the UK affect Jake? A. He was cured of his asthma.
B. He had to go to hospital for retreatment. C. He suffered a noticeable difficulty in study.
D. He didn't suffer any asthmatic attacks during that period. 13. What is concerning the Energy and Climate Intelligence Unit? A. The epidemic will become worse. B. Air pollution will get worse this winter. C. People may have to work from home longer. D. There is less energy for gas boilers in winter. 14. What would Jess Ralston agree with? A. People prefer to work from home in winter. B. The government failed to protect the environment. C. People tend to ignore the harmful effect of home heating. D. The climate has suffered a lot from the epidemic this year.
15. How to improve air quality during winter according to Jess Ralston? A. A warmer winter season. B. Less and less gas boilers.
C. Practical plans from the government.
D. Improved awareness of cutting down pollution. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
We can all have a bad night of sleep and that’s perfectly normal, but how could we try to improve both the quantity and the quality of our sleep?____16____
Let’s start with regularity.____17____Regularity is king, and it will actually help your sleep, no matter whether it’s the weekday or the weekend or even if you’ve had a bad night of sleep. Many of us use an alarm to wake up but very few of us use a to-bed alarm, and that’s something that can be helpful.
___18___It turns out that your brain and your body need to drop their temperature by about 1℃in order to begin sleep and then to stay asleep. And this is the reason that you will always find it easier to fall asleep in a room that’s too cold than too hot.
The third tip is darkness. We need darkness specifically in the evening to produce a hormone called melatonin（褪黑素）. In the last hour before bed, try to stay away from all of those computer screens and phones.____19____You’d actually be quite surprised at how sleepy that can make you feel.
The final tip is to walk it out. Don’t stay in bed awakefor long periods of time. And the general rule is that if you’ve woken up and you can’t get back to sleep after 25 minutes_____20_____And you can go and do something else. Only return to bed when you’re sleepy. And in that way, gradually, your brain will relearn the relation that your bed is this place of sound and continuous sleep. A. Next, keep the room cool. B. Turn off the lights in your room. C. Here are four tips for better sleep. D. the recommendation is to get out of bed. E. Visit your doctor if you have a sleep problem.
F. Go to bed at the same time and wake up at the same time. G. It doesn’t matter whether you get up or fall asleep again.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
“Mama, when I grow up, I’m going to be one of those!” I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three. It was the first time that my____21____took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training. As I grew older and was____22____to more, my interests in the world of dance____23____varied but that little girl’s dream of someday becoming a____24____in the company never left me. In the summer of 2005 when I was 18, I received the phone call which made that dream a____25____; I became a member of the company____26____back to 1925.
As I look back on that day now, it surely____27____any sense of reality. I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief____28____I was halfway through rehearsals (排练) on my first day. I never
actually____29____to get the job. After being offered the position, I was completely______30______. I remember shaking with excitement.
Though I was ly thrilled with the change, it did not come without its fair share of______31______. Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, I found it very important to______32______up the material fast with every last bit of concentration. It is that extreme______33______to detail and stress on practice that set us______34______. To then follow those high-energy rehearsals______35______a busy show schedule of up to five performances a day, I discovered a new______36______of the words “hard work.” What I thought were my physical______37______were pushed much further than I thought______38______. I learned to make each performance better than the last.
Today, when I look at the unbelievable company that I have the great______39______of being a part of, not only as a member, but as a dance captain, I see a______40______that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow—and inspires people every day to follow their dreams.
21. A. hobby B. plan C. dream D. word
22. A. connected B. expanded C. exposed D. communicated 23. A. rarely B. certainly C. probably D. constantly 24. A. director B. trainer C. leader D. dancer 25. A. symbol B. memory C. truth D. reality 26. A. flashing B. dating C. turning D. sliding 27. A. lacks B. adds C. makes D. brings 28. A. while B. since C. until D. when 29. A. cared B. expected C. asked D. decided
30. A. motivated B. relaxed C. convinced D. astonished 31. A. challenges B. profits C. advantages D. adventures 32. A. put B. mix C. build D. pick
33. A. attention B. association C. attraction D. adaptation 34. A. apart B. aside C. off D. back 35. A. over B. by C. with D. beyond
36. A. function B. meaning C. expression D. usage 37. A. limits B. problems C. barriers D. efforts
38. A. necessary B. perfect C. proper D. possible 39. A. talent B. honor C. determination D. responsibility 40. A. victory B. trend C. tradition D. desire 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Louis Cha (Chinese:Cha Leung Yung; 10 March 1924 - 30 October 2018), better known by his pen name Jin Yong, was a Chinese wuxia novelist and essayist,___41.___co-founded the Hong Kong daily newspaper Ming Bao in 1959 and served as___42.___first editor-in-chief. He___43.___(be) Hong Kong’s most famous writer.
His wuxia novels have a widespread following in Chinese communities worldwide. His 15 works___44.___(write) between 1955 and 1972 earned him a reputation as one of the greatest and most popular wuxia writers ever. By the time of his death he was the best-selling Chinese author, and over 100 million___45.___(copy) of his works have been sold worldwide. According toThe Oxford Guide to Contemporary World Literature, Jin Yong’s Novels are___46.___(high) evaluated and are able to appeal to both highbrow and lowbrow tastes. His works have the unusual ability___47.___(go) beyond geographical and ideological barriers separating Chinese communities of the world, achieving___48.___(great) success than any other contemporary writer.
His works___49.___(translate) into many languages’ including English, French, Korean, Japanese, Vietnamese, Thai, Burmese, Malay and Indonesian. There are many fans outside of Chinese-speaking areas, as a result of the numerous adaptations of his works into films, television series, comics and video games.
The asteroid (小行星) 10930 Jinyong (1998 CR2) is named___50.___him.
Jin Yong is named along with Gu Long and Liang Yusheng as the “Three Legs of the Tripod of Wuxia”. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在峡词处加一个漏字符号(℃)，并在其下面写出该加的词， 删除：把多余的词用斜线(\\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词： 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I was cycling hurriedly to school last Thursday while I felt something wrong with my electric bicycle. Therefore, I
stopped on the sides of the road to find out if what was the matter. A few minutes passed before I found a flat tyre. Feard that I might miss the math class, I was closely to tears. Fortunately, Miss Peng, my English teacher drove by, who kindly offered us a lift. I was so grateful to her act of kindness that I went say thanks between classes. Which moved me more deeply was that she has had my electric bicycle pumped. 第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括: 1.人物简介； 2.尊敬和爱戴原因。 注意:
1.词数100左右；
2.短文题目和首句已为你写好。
The person I respect
We have a lot of respectable people around us.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. D 2. C 3. A
4. B 5. B 6. A 7. C
8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A
12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C
16. C 17. F 18. A 19. B 20. D
21. C 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C
41. who 42. its/the
43. was 44. written 45. copies 46. highly 47. to go 48. greater 49. have been translated 50. after
51.(1). while→when (2).sides→side (3). 去掉if
(4). Feared→Fearing (5). closely→close (6). us→me (7). to→for
(8). say 前面加 to (9). Which→What (10). has→had 52.略
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