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2021届开封市第一中学高三英语一模试题及答案

2023-08-09 来源:步旅网
2021届开封市第一中学高三英语一模试题及答案

第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

I started working with my hands at a young age. The youngest of five brothers, I took on the role as a “maintenance (维修) man” at an early age for our family’s small grocery store. Often my dad wouldn’t give me a clear idea of how something shouldbe done, so I just had to figure it out by researching or through trial and error.

Fast forward to 2016 and those problem-solving skills would become the focus of Tippecanoe High School’s Homebuilding class. I knew I wanted to teach the students skills that went beyond just being able to hammer nails or cut pieces of two-by-fours. The problem was that we didn’t have the resources at the time to do much else. The idea of attracting some type of funding seemed very important. Designing, building and selling a tiny house on wheels seemed like the perfect project to accomplishthe task. I reached out to a number of local businesses and most of them responded with the greatest support for what x k w we were doing.

This year we added a new element to the program. Through one of our partners, we were able to connect with the nonprofit Veteran’s Ananda Incorporated. Students in the Homebuilding class are leading the design and production of micro houses to be donated to this organization. The new partnership gives the students another focus to consider when designing and building the houses.

There has been no shortage of students since our first year. Three years ago we had 41 students, the next 191, and this year it was limited to just over 160 students so we could have a safe and manageable classroom environment. The number of girls taking the class has risen steadily over the last few years as well. This class offers something for everyone and the skills are universal. 1. How can we describe the young author? A. He opened a small grocery store. B. He did a lot of research in the lab. C. He enjoyed doing hands-on activities. D. He learnt about maintenance from his father.

2. What do the underlined words “the task” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Getting some financial support. B. Selling a tiny house on wheels.

C. Reaching out to many local businesses.

D. Offering the students some problem-solving skills.

3. What can be inferred about the Homebuilding class from the last paragraph? A. Its size needs increasing. B. Itis popular with the students. C. It has caused some safety concerns.

D. Its classroom environment is hard to manage.

B

The shade of a single tree can provide welcome relief from the hot summer sun. But when that single tree is part of a small forest, it creates a considerable cooling effect. According to a study published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, trees play a big role in keeping our cities cool.

According to the study, the right amount of tree cover can lower summer daytime temperatures by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit. And the effect is quite noticeable from neighborhood to neighborhood, even down to the scale of a single city block. “We knew that cities are warmer than the surrounding countryside, but we found that temperatures vary just as much within cities,” says Monica Turner, a professor in the department of Integrative Biology, Wisconsin-Madison University and a co-author of the study.

With climate change making extreme heat events more common each summer, city planners are working on how to prepare. Heat waves drive up energy demands and costs and can have big human health impacts. One potentially powerful tool, the study's authors say, are organisms that have been around long before human civilizations could appreciate their leafy benefits. And those trees may be the secret to keeping the places we live livable.

Essentially, says Turner, roads, sidewalks and buildings absorb heat from the sun during the day and slowly release that heat at night. Trees, on the other hand, not only shade those surfaces from the sun's rays, they also release water into the air through their leaves, a process that cools things down.

To get the maximum benefit of this cooling service, the study found that tree cover must be more than 40 percent. In other words, an aerial picture of a single city block would need to be nearly half-way covered by a leafy green network of branches and leaves. 4. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A. Temperatures in cities mainly depend on their green coverage. B. People living and working in cities must plant trees in summer.

C. Cities are warmer than the countryside because they don't have trees. D. An area with more trees can be cooler than the other parts within a city. 5. Which of the following problems is caused by extreme heat events?

A. Severe damage of city facilities. B. Serious human health problems.

C. Residents' growing demands for plants. D. Unnecessary waste of energy resources. 6. Why are trees crucial to cities?

A. They help shade and cool the cities. B. They make urban scenery beautiful. C. They build up city cooling systems. D. They essentially block and release heat. 7. What can city planners conclude from the study? A. They should publish the study in a newspaper. B. They should educate citizens to protect forests. C. They should plant trees on roads and sidewalks. D. They should cover nearly half the city with trees.

C

The modern Olympics, which appeared in ancient Greece as many as 3,000 years ago, have become the world’s most important sporting competition. From the 8th century B. C. to the 4th century A. D., the the ancient Olympics were held every four years in Olympia in honor of the god Zeus. The first modern Olympics took place in1896 inAthens, and featured 280 participants from 13 nations, competing in 43 events. Since 1994, the Summer and Winter Olympic Games have been held separately every two years. The 2020 Summer Olympics, delayed one year because of the COVID-19, was held in Japan in 2021.

The ancient Olympics were held every four years between August 6 and September 19 during a festival honoring Zeus. The Games were named for their location (位置) at Olympia, a place near the western coast in southern Greece. Their influence was so great that ancient historians began to measure time by the Olympic Games held every four years.

After the Roman Empire conquered (征服) Greece in the mid-2nd century B.C., the Games continued, but their standards and quality dropped. For example from 67 A. D., the Emperor Nero entered an Olympic horse race, announcing himself the winner even after he fell off hishorse during the event. In 393 A. D., Emperor TheodosiusⅠended the ancient Olympic tradition.

It was another 1,500 years before the Games rose again, largely thanks to the efforts of Baron Pierre de Coubertin (1863-1937) of France. Working hard at the development of physical education, the young man became

inspired by the idea of creating a modern Olympic Games after visiting the ancient Olympic building. In November 1892, at a meeting of the Union des Sports Athlétiques in Paris, Coubertin suggested the idea of making the Olympics an international athletic competition held every four years. Two years later, he got the approval (批准) he needed to found the International Olympic Committee ( IOC ), which would become the governing body of the modern Olympic Games.

8. What do we know about the modern Olympics?

A. The modern Olympics became famous in the 18th century. B. The first Winter Olympics was held in 1994. C. The first modern Olympics dates back to 1896. D. The latest Winter Olympics will delay for two years. 9. How often were the ancient Olympics held? A. Every year. B. Every other year. C. Every three years. D. Every four years. 10. When did the ancient Olympics end? A. In 393 A. D. B. In 67 A. D.

C. In the mid-2nd century B. C. D. About 1,500 years ago. 11. What is the best title of the text? A. The ancient Olympics B. The modern Olympics

C. The Olympics developed through years D. The Olympics are popular in modern time

D

I don’t want to talk about being a woman scientistagain. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated (controlled) by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space, time and the nature of black holes.

At 19, when I began studying astrophysics (天体物理学), it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement — jobs, research papers, awards — was viewed through the lens (镜片) of gender (性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left

brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.

Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations (挑衅): I don’t talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.

Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45. I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don’t dismiss those concerns. Still, I don’t tell them “war” stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that’s a sight worth talking about. 12. Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again? A. She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination (歧视). B. She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields. C. She is not good at telling stories of the kind. D. She finds space research more important.

13. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute (把……归因于) the author’s failures to ________. A. the burden she bears in a male-dominated society B. her involvement in gender politics

C. her over-confidence as a female astrophysicist D. the very fact that she is a woman

14. What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and post-doctoral research? A. Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science. B. Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle. C. People’s fixed attitude toward female scientists. D. Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurtured.

15. What does the image the author presents to her students suggest? A. Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation. B. Women can balance a career in science and having a family.

C. Women have more barriers on their way to academic success. D. Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项

If you’re a procrastinator(拖延的人), you’re familiar with the pain and stress that goes hand in hand with leaving things to the last minute. Even if you want to accomplish or finish a task, you’re likely having trouble getting started in the first place!____16____

Change your mind. Stop punishing yourself for procrastinating. The more stressed out you are, the harder it’ll be to get your work done. Don’t be angry with yourself. Just move on and focus on what you’ve got to do instead.____17____Wasting time yelling at yourself for not starting that 2, 000-word essay two weeks ago will only make you extra tired and frustrated. It will also stress you out, likely making it impossible for you to finish your assignment at that time.

Avoid a long disorganized to-do list. This is just setting yourself up for failure. Instead, create subcategories like “Home”, “Work”, “Family”, and “Fun” and just try to cross off a few entries from each list every day.

Do most important task for 15 minutes. Instead of thinking about the total number of hours you’re about to work for, just start. Tell yourself you’ve only got to do it for 15 minutes.____18____Once you come up for air, take a two-minute break. Then start up on another set of 15 minutes of work.

____19____It can be scary to think about finishing a whole essay or getting through an entire week’s worth of tasks. Instead of thinking about everything you have to do like one big obstacle,break it all down into tiny pieces.____20____

A.Break tasks down into small pieces. B.Never think about the past experiences. C.Guilt and regret are negative emotions.

D.However, there is always some time when you can’t pull through. E.If 15 minutes still sounds too frightening, do something for just 3 minutes. F.Thus, you’ll be able to get started on the smallest piece and go forward from there. G.Hopefully, there are several strategies that can help you stop procrastinating right now. 第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分45分)

第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

The winter had been long and boring. I___21___needed a break, so I decided to book a trip to the Caribbean

with a friend. I was planning my trip during lunch break when I was___22___of the news that I was fired.

___23___my trip wasn’t a good option, as I needed it now more than ever. The night before my trip, I had a dream that my friend came to pick me up to go to the airport. I had two suitcases at the door—one was___24___and the other was empty. When I reached the airport, I___25___I’ d brought the empty one.

When I woke up, I___26___this dream to mean that I was leaving all of my “baggage” behind—and I did. I enjoyed my___27___more than any others I’ d taken. Having had time and distance from my work break-up and a dream about___28___my old baggage, I was looking forward to returning and starting the next chapter of my life.

I knew I wasn’t going to obtain a___29___right away, so I attempted to do one of the things I loved but never had___30___to do: writing. I’ d never published anything before, but I wanted to have a___31___. I wrote a few pieces. Most amateurs would___32___smaller publications, but I sent them to the bigger, well-known ones. After several non-responses and___33___, my efforts paid off. The most-read newspaper in Canada___34___to publish one of my travel stories.

Now I work full-time as a(n)___35___and have published articles in a number of North American magazines. Getting___36___was a life-altering experience for me that could have been ___37___. I’ll be the first to admit that it was difficult to___38___. But there was something about the dream I had after it happened. That dream, in which I___39___carried on with an empty suitcase, helped me put everything behind me and made me___40___to pursuenew careers.

21. A. abruptly B. slightly C. desperately D. frequently 22. A. accused B. convinced C. reminded D. informed 23. A. Canceling B. Enjoying C. Arranging D. Continuing 24. A. marked B. equipped C. packed D. decorated 25. A. suspected B. realized C. announced D. remembered 26. A. interpreted B. chose C. accomplished D. advised 27. A. sleep B. hobby C. work D. vacation

28. A. storing B. handling C. discovering D. removing 29. A. position B. certificate C. promotion D. compensation 30. A. money B. time C. interest D. patience 31. A. favor B. chance C. lesson D. try

32. A. approach B. grasp C. evaluate D. recognize

33. A. recreations B. restrictions C. rejections D. regulations

34. A. afforded B. agreed C. managed D. compromised 35. A. speaker B. amateur C. designer D. writer 36. A. hurt B. defeated C. unemployed D. ignored 37. A. disastrous B. invalid C. ridiculous D. meaningless 38. A. leave off B. go through C. figure out D. keep back 39. A. ambitiously B. happily C. stubbornly D. deliberately 40. A. proud B. lucky C. confident D. curious 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

Han Jing has entered senior high school. She is not outgoing and a little anxious. She wonders how to make a good first____41.____(impress).

She found that her first maths class was quite difficult, but the teacher was kind____42.____friendly. He even told the students____43.____funny story to make them laugh. In the afternoon, she had a chemistry class in the science lab. She found that the lab was new and the lesson was great.____44.____, the student next to her____45.____(try)to talk to her. That made____46.____difficult for her to concentrate on the experiment. She was annoyed and wanted him to be quiet.

However, after the first school day was over, Han Jing’s worry disappeared. She didn’t feel awkward and____47.____(frighten)any longer. Although she misses her friends from junior high school, she believes that she will make new friends here. What’s more, there is a lot for her____48.____(explore)in senior high school. She is curious____49.____what she will learn and becomes_____50._____(confident)than that morning. 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节短文改错(满分10分)

51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Ⅰ),并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I live in a typical Chinese family of four generations lived together under same roof. Everyone has funs with each other here. Every night, we will have dinner together, talking or laughing around the dinner table so that all

the worries of the day will be swept away. At weekends, Dad will take Grandpa, that likes outdoor activities a lot, to the countryside to fish. Mom and Grandma will cook delicious food for ourselves. When the weather is fine, I will push my 95-year-old great grandmother in a wheelchair to sunbathe in the yard. My family is such harmonious that I have been grown up into a person with love and responsibility. I will definite teach what I have already learned for my future children. 第二节书面表达(满分25分)

52.假如你是李华,暑假在英国伦敦学习,得知当地一家美术馆下个月要举办中国书法展,正在招志愿者,请给该美术馆写一封电子邮件,申请志愿者一职。

内容包括:1.写信目的;2.个人优势;3.希望得到回复。 注意:1.词数80左右

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:招募recruit

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案

1. C 2. A 3. B

4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D

8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C

12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B

16. G 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. F

21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. B 40. C 41. impression 42. and 43. a

44. However##Nevertheless 45. tried 46. it 47. frightened 48. to explore

49. about 50. more confident

51.(1).lived→living

(2). same前面加the (3).funs→fun (4).or→and (5). that→who (6).ourselves→us (7).such→so

(8).been去掉

(9). definite→definitely (10).for→to 52.略

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