一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类 1．阅读理解
In ancient Egypt, the pharaoh (法老) treated the poor message runner like a prince when he arrived at the palace, if he brought good news. However, if the exhausted runner had the misfortune to bring the pharaoh unhappy news, his head was cut off.
Shades of that spirit spread over today's conversations. Once a friend and I packed up some peanut butter and sandwiches for an outing. As we walked light-heartedly out of the door, picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said, \"Oh, boy, bad day for a picnic. The weatherman says it's going to rain.\" I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches. Not for his stupid weather report, for his smile.
Several months ago I was racing to catch a bus. As I breathlessly put my handful of cash across the Greyhound counter, the sales agent said with a broad smile, \"Oh, that bus left five minutes ago.\" Dreams of head-cutting!
It's not the news that makes someone angry. It's the unsympathetic attitude with which it's delivered. Everyone must give bad news from time to time, and big winners do it with the proper attitude. A doctor advising a patient that she needs an operation does it in a caring way. A boss informing an employee he didn't get the job takes on a sympathetic tone. Big winners know, when delivering any bad news, they should share the feeling of the receiver.
Unfortunately, many people are not aware of this. When you're tired from a long flight, has a hotel clerk cheerfully said that your room isn't ready yet? When you had your heart set on the toast beef, has your waiter merrily told you that he just served the last piece? It makes you as traveler or diner want to land your fist (拳头) right on their unsympathetic faces.
Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warning. Had the Greyhound salesclerk sympathetically informed me that my bus had already left, I probably would have said, \"Oh, that's all right. I'll catch the next one.\" Big winners, when they bear bad news, deliver bombs with the emotion the bombarded (被轰炸的) person is sure to have.
（1）In the writer's opinion, his neighbor was .
A. friendly B. warm-hearted C. not considerate D. not helpful （2）From Paragraph 3, we learn that the writer . A. was mad at the sales agent B. was reminded of the cruel pharaoh
C. wished that the sales agent would have had dreams D. dreamed of cutting the sales agent's head that night （3）What is the main idea of the text?
A. Delivering bad news properly is important in communication. B. Helping others sincerely is the key to business success. C. Receiving bad news requires great courage. D. Learning ancient traditions can be useful.
【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过在生活中的自身经历来说明好消息能使人高兴，坏消息使人气氛，而每个人偏偏时不时地给出坏消息，所以传递坏消息的方式很重要。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的”As we walked light-heartedly out of the door, picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said, ‘Oh, boy, bad day for a picnic. The weatherman says it's going to rain.’ I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches. Not for his stupid weather report, for his smile.“当我们提着野餐篮子，心情愉快地走出家门时，一位面带微笑的邻居抬头看着天空说:\"哦，孩子，今天不适合野餐。\"天气预报员说要下雨了。我想用花生酱和三明治打他的脸。不是因为他愚蠢的天气预报，而是因为他的微笑。可知作者一家正要去门，邻居却说要下雨，故作者认为他的邻居是不体贴的。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”It's not the news that makes someone angry. It's the unsympathetic attitude with which it's delivered.“使人生气的不是消息。而是传递出的一种冷漠的态度。可知作者对销售代理人很生气。故选A。
（3）考查主旨大意。根据第四段中的”Everyone must give bad news from time to time, and big winners do it with the proper attitude.“每个人偏偏时不时地给出坏消息，而大赢家则以正确的态度来做这件事。以及文中多次提到人们对带给自己坏消息的人经常心生怨恨，可知本文的大意是正确地传达坏消息对沟通很重要，故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.
Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child's day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的）to new stimulation(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.
The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they'd felt cold water at first.
Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a \"ruby-crowned kinglet\" and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.
The pressures of \"time\" and \"destination\" are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what's around them. I asked them what they'd seen. \"Oh, a few birds,\" they said. They seemed bent on their destinations. Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.
（1）According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more ____________. A.anxious to do wonders B.sensitive to others' feelings C.likely to develop unpleasant habits D.eager to explore the world around them
（2）What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3? A.To avoid jumping to conclusions. B.To stop complaining all the time. C.To follow the teacher's advice. D.To admit mistakes honestly.
（3）The bird watchers' behavior shows that they __________. A.are very patient in their observation B.are really fascinated by nature C.care only about the names of birds D.question the accuracy of the field guides
（4）Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey? A.The natural beauty isn't attractive to them. B.They focus on arriving at the camp in time. C.The forest in the dark is dangerous for them. D.They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.
（5）In the passage, the author intends to tell us we should __________. A.fill our senses to feel the wonders of the world B.get rid of some bad habits in our daily life C.open our mind to new things and ideas D.try our best to protect nature 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）C （4）B （5）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇散文。我们有多久没有仔细观察我们周围的世界了。作者通过此文要告诉我们：放慢脚步，带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙。
（1）推理判断题。根据文章第二段Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child's day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder.可知，与成人相比较，孩子观察得更多，孩子的一天充满了魔力、新奇和惊奇。从而可以推断出孩子更急于探索他们周围的世界。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第三段作者叙述在一个寒冷的夜晚，作者和学生徒步旅行穿过一条小溪的时候，学生们抱怨水太冷而不愿往前走，结果事实上那是一个温泉。作者举这样一个事例是为了向读者传递这样的观念：避免过早下结论。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章第四段全段及首句Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things.可知，鸟观察者发现鸟后只关心鸟的名字，并不关心它在做什么。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据文章第五段I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what's around them.可知，徒步旅行者只关心能够及时到达目的地，而很少关心周围的事物。故选B。
（5）推理判断题。文章作者想要通过此文要告诉我们：大自然只展现给那些善于观察和等待的人，带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙吧。故选A。
【点评】考查散文类阅读理解，涉及细节理解题和推理判断题，细节理解题注意抓住题干关键词，把握重点，从文中寻找答案；推理判断题则需要找出相关句子，联系上下文，推测所需信息。
3．阅读理解
On a recent night, while I was busy thinking about important social issues, like what to do over the week﹣end and who to do it with, I overheard my parents talking about my future. My dad was upset not the usual stuff that he and Mom and, I guess, a lot of parents worry about like which college I' m going to, how far away it is from home. Instead, he was upset about the world his generation is turning over to mine, a world he fears has a dark and difficult future if it has a future at all.
\"There will be a disease that kills millions, a disastrous energy crisis, a horrible worldwide depression and a nuclear explosion set off in anger.\"
As I lay on the living room couch, listening to their conversation, starting to worry about the future my father was describing, I found myself looking at some old family photos. There was a picture of my grandfather who was a member of the class of 1942, the war class. Next to his picture were photos of my great﹣grandparents. Seeing those pictures made me feel a lot better. I believe tomorrow will be better than today — that the world my generation grows into is going to get better, not worse. Those pictures helped me understand why.
I considered some of the awful things my grandparents and great﹣grandparents had seen in their lifetimes: two world wars, killer flu, segregation（隔离） , a nuclear bomb. But they saw other things, too, better things: the end of two world wars, passage of the civil rights laws.
I believe that my generation will see better things, too that we will witness the time when AIDS is cured and cancer is defeated. I will see things as incredible to me today as the internet to my father when he was 16.
（1）Why was the author's dad upset on a recent night？ A. He was upset about which college for the author to go to. B. He was upset that the college is too far from the author's home. C. He was worried about his dark and difficult future coming soon. D. What upset him is whether there is a future for the author's generation. （2）What was the author's first reaction to his father's worry?
A. Indifferent. B. Optimistic. C. Worried. D. Sensitive. （3）What did those photos make the author understand? A. The world was full of terrible things that could not be solved. B. Though the world was full of terrible things, it would get better. C. All those terrible things that worried the author actually didn't exist. D. Those pictures showed that people never worried about their future. （4）What is the best title of the article？
A. Never worry about your future B. Tomorrow will be better than today C. The world will never be peaceful D. All that exists will come to an end 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）B （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者从听到父母谈话，到看到照片，感悟将来会更好。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“a world he fears has a dark and difficult future if it has a future at all．”他害怕世界有一个黑暗而艰难的未来如果它有一个未来的话，可知在最近的一个晚上，作者的父亲心烦意乱是因为担心作者这一代人的未来，故选D 。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“listening to their conversation， starting to worry about the future my father was describing．”可知作者开始时是担心的，因而C项正确．听着他们的谈话，开始担心我父亲描述的未来，故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ I believe tomorrow will be better than today that the world my generation grows into is going Lo get better， not worse． Those pictures helped me understand why．”我相信明天会比今天更好﹣﹣我这一代人成长的世界会变得更好，而不是更糟。这些照片帮助我理解了为什么。可知作者由先辈们经历的事情得出结论，未来会更美好，故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。作者听到父母谈话，到看到照片感悟将来会更好，可知文本最好标题为B项，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．阅读理解
It's not a new phenomenon, but have you noticed how many nouns are being used as verbs? We all use them, often without noticing what we're doing.
I was arranging to meet someone for dinner last week, and I said \"I'll pencil it in my diary\my friend said \"You can ink it in\ Many of these new verbs are linked to new technology. An obvious example is the word fax. We all got used to sending and receiving faxes, and then soon started talking about faxing something and promising we'd fax it immediately. Then along came email, and we were soon all emailing each other madly. How did we do without it? I can hardly imagine life without my daily emails.
Email reminds me, of course, of my computer and its software, which has produced another couple of new verbs. On my computer I can bookmark those pages from the World Wide Web that I think I'll want to look at again, thus saving all the effort of remembering their addresses and calling them up from scratch. I can do the same thing on my PC, but there I don't bookmark; I favorite—coming from \"favorite pages\ Now my children bought me a mobile phone, known simply as a mobile and I had to learn yet more new verbs. I can message someone, that is, I can leave a message for them on their phone. Or I can text them, write a few words suggesting when and where to meet, for example. How long will it be before I can mobile them, that is, phone them using my mobile? I haven't heard that verb yet, but I'm sure I will soon. Perhaps I'll start using it myself!
（1）\"I'll pencil it in my diary\" in the second paragraph probably means . A.it was a firm arrangement B.he prefers a pencil to a pen
C.the arrangement should be written as a diary D.it was an uncertain arrangement
（2）A website address can be easily found if it has been______. A.favorited B.messaged C.emailed D.texted
（3）Which of the following has not been used as a verb yet? A.message B.mobile C.email D.page
（4）The best title for this passage is____. A.Technology and Language. B.Development of the English language C.New Technology and New words D.New Verbs from Nouns 【答案】 （1）D
（2）A （3）B （4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过多个例子告诉我们很多名词都已经转换成了动词。说明词汇是并不断的在变化。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“meaning that it was a firm arrangement not a tentative one!”用铅笔写意为着不是最终的决定，只是临时的决定，故选D。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“I favorite—coming from ‘favorite pages’, so the verb is derived from an adjective not a noun.”我把这些网站设置成我最喜欢的网站，通过这种方法可以让我很快就找到这些网站。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“and we were soon all emailing each other madly. ”；第四段中的“I favorite—coming from ‘favorite pages’, so the verb is derived from an adjective not a noun.”；以及最后一段中的“I can message someone”, 说明ACD都可以作为动词，只有B项文章没有提及可以作为动词，故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。本文通过多个例子告诉我们很多名词都已经转换成了动词，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
5．阅读理解
How do you notice a child genius (天才)? Gifted children tend to share three characteristics. First, they develop skills at a very young age. Mozart began composing music when he was just five years old.
Second, they are self-starters. Srinivasa Ramanujan was building complex formula (公式) before he'd even been taught basic mathematics.
Third, gifted children can be crazy about their interests. For William James Sidis, a writer, had collected hundreds of street car models and had learned eight languages by the time he was eight. He was accepted at Harvard University at the age of 11.
They would all have been good members for Mensa, an international society for people with the highest IQs. Its youngest member is just two years old. But there can be disadvantages to being so clever. Members of American Mensa are three times more likely than the general public to suffer from allergies (过敏) or depression (抑郁), and they are almost six times more likely to struggle with anxiety.
These are just some of the physical and emotional problems that gifted children in particular may face.
Noticing those children is important, but many of them are being missed. To find out gifted children, you actually have to look for them in all places. The benefits can be huge when those \"lost Einsteins\" are found.
A study has been observing 5,000 gifted people since 1972. All of the children had test scores
high enough to get into university when they were just 13. In adulthood, the first 1,650 people went on to publish 85 books, more than 7,500 articles. One-third of the group earned a doctor's degree that is 17 times the national average.
The founder of Google and Lady Gaga were discovered as gifted children. The child geniuses who could change tomorrow's world are already out there. But will we notice them? （1）What do we know about William James Sidis?
A.He was only gifted in languages because he could speak 8 languages. B.He was famous for collecting hundreds of street car models. C.He was accepted at a top university at a young age. D.He was a well-known musician.
（2）According to the passage, what do gifted children tend to do? A.Develop all skills at five. B.Teach themselves everything.
C.Put a lot of time and energy into their interests. D.Be members of Mensa when they are 13 years old. （3）What can we infer from the passage ?
A.All the gifted children struggle with physical and emotional problems. B.On national average, about 32 out of 1650 can earn a doctor's degree. C.All of the 5,000 gifted people got into university at 13. D.Einstein was lost when he was young.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text? A.How to notice a child genius. B.The Lost child geniuses. C.The famous child geniuses.
D.The difficulties child geniuses may face. 【答案】 （1）C （2）C （3）B （4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了天才少年的三个特点，但天才少年也比普通人更容易过敏或抑郁。发现这些天才少年也有着非常大的益处，他们能大量的产出学术文章，也有更多的人能获得博士学位。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“He was accepted at Harvard University at the age of 11.” William James Sidis在11岁的时候就被哈佛大学录取了，故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“gifted children can be crazy about their interests”天才儿童对自己感兴趣的内容都非常疯狂，故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第八段中的“One-third of the group earned a doctor's degree that is 17 times the national average.”1650名高智商人群中有1/3的人可以上大学，即550人，而相比全国人口而言上大学的人数是17倍，因此完整的公式应是1650÷3÷17≈32，故选B。 （4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“How do you notice a child genius?”如何发现天才少
年，接着介绍了三项天才少年的特点；以及最后一段中的“The child geniuses who could change tomorrow's world are already out there. But will we notice them?”能改变未来的天才少年已经出现了，但我们能不能发现他们呢？由此可判断文章采用了总分总结构，介绍了如何发现天才少年，故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
6．阅读理解
Computer scientists have hoped to give robots technical skills to help them recognize, process and react to humor. But these attempts have mostly failed. AI experts say that in many cases, attempts to make robots understand humor end up producing funny results, but not in the way they were supposed to.
Tristan Miller studied more than 10,000 puns in one research project. The pun is a kind of joke that uses a word with two meanings. For example, you could say, “Balloons do not like pop music.\" The word \"pop\" can be a way of saying popular music; or can mean the sound a balloon makes when it explodes. But a robot might not get the joke. Tristan Miller says that is because humor is a kind of creative language that is extremely difficult for computer intelligence to understand.
Allison Bishop is a computer scientist and she also performs stand-up comedy. She explained that machines are trained to look for patterns. Comedy, on the other hand, relies on things that stay close to a pattern, but not completely within it. To be funny, humor should also not be predictable, Bishop said. This is a great challenge for a machine to recognize and understand what is funny.
Bishop says since robots have great difficulty understanding humor, she feels like it gives her better job safety as a comedy performer. It even made her parents happy when her brother decided to become a full-time comedy writer because it meant he wouldn't be replaced by a machine, she added.
Despite the difficulties, Darmstadt University's Miller says there are good reasons to keep trying to teach humor to robots. It could make machines more relatable (叙述的), especially if they can learn to understand sarcasm (讽刺), he noted. Humans use sarcasm to say one thing but mean another. But Kiki Hempelmann thinks differently. \"Teaching AI systems humor may make them find it where it isn't, and they may use it where it's not suitable,\" he said. \"Maybe bad AI will start killing people because it thinks something is funny,\" he added. （1）What does the author most probably want to show in Paragraph 1? A.Robots' influence on the scientific development. B.Robots' challenges of making sense of humor. C.Computer scientists' devotion to technical skills. D.Computer scientists' concern about AI's development.
（2）What are examples mentioned in Paragraphs 2 and 3 intended to do? A.Prove robots do poorly in funny work
B.Explain robots aren't as intelligent as humans C.Describe language is complex and changeable D.Show language can't be taught in a set pattern
（3）What can we infer about teaching AI system humor from the last paragraph? A.It will make no difference. B.It may be a double-edged sword. C.It may help improve humans' humor. D.It will attract more computer scientists.
（4）Where would the passage most probably come from? A.Textbook B.Advertisement C.Science journal D.Entertainment speech 【答案】 （1）B （2）D （3）B （4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，工程师很难让机器创造幽默。对于机器人是否应该被教授幽默，不同的科学家有不同的见解。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Computer scientists have hoped to give robots technical skills to help them recognize, process and react to humor. But these attempts have mostly failed.”可知，计算机科学家希望赋予机器人技术技能，帮助它们识别、处理和应对幽默。但这些尝试大多以失败告终。通过第一段作者想要展示的是让机器人理解幽默是有挑战性的。故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Tristan Miller says that is because humor is a kind of creative language that is extremely difficult for computer intelligence to understand.”特里斯坦·米勒说，这是因为幽默是一种创造性的语言，对计算机智能来说是非常难以理解的；第三段中的“This is a great challenge for a machine to recognize and understand what is funny.”对于机器来说，识别和理解什么是有趣的是一个巨大的挑战，可推断，这两个例子是用来说明语言不能用固定的模式来教授的。故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“‘Teaching AI systems humor may make them find it where it isn't, and they may use it where it's not suitable,' he said. ‘Maybe bad AI will start killing people because it thinks something is funny,' he added.“教人工智能系统幽默可能会让它们在不适合的地方找到幽默，也可能在不适合的地方使用它”，他说。“也许坏的人工智能会开始杀人，因为它认为有些东西很有趣”他补充说道，可推断出，教授人工智能系统幽默可能是一把双刃剑。故选B。
（4）考查推理判题。根据第一段中的“Computer scientists have hoped to give robots technical skills to help them recognize, process and react to humor.”计算机科学家希望给机器人技术技能，以帮助他们识别，处理和反应幽默，可知，本文讲述了教授机器人幽默，因此推断这篇文章很可能选自科学杂志。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
7．阅读理解
Slowly but surely we're moving closer and closer to 5G world. From smart-home security to self-driving cars, all the internet-connected devices in your life will be able to talk to each other at lightning-fast speeds with reduced delay, Objectively speaking, the fastest 4G download speeds in the U. S. top out at an average of 19.42 Mbps. But by comparison 5G promises gigabit (千兆) speeds.
\"5G is one of those signs, along with artificial intelligence, of this coming data age,\" said Steve Koenig, senior director of market research for the Consumer Technology Association. \"The self-driving vehicle is a great emblem of this data age, and that is to say, it is a sign of time, because with one single task, driving, you have massive amounts of data coming from the vehicle itself, and a variety of sensors are collecting a lot of information to model its environment as it moves. It's pulling in data from other vehicles about road conditions down the lane. It could be weather information, but also connected infrastructure (基础设施) construction. There's lots of data behind that task, which is why we need high speed.
Augmented reality glasses and virtual headset haven't yet broken the mainstream, but tech companies are joyfully betting that these devices will eventually replace our smartphones. With 5G, that could actually happen. This is notable because companies such as Apple are reportedly developing AR glasses to assist — or perhaps even replace — smartphones.
Ericsson stated at February's Mobile World Congress how smart glasses could become faster and lighter with a 5G connection, because instead of being weighed down with components, the glasses could rely on hardware for processing power.
But don't get too excited. There's still a lot of work to be done in the meantime, including various trials to make sure the radios play nicely with hardware and infrastructure construction so 5G isn't concentrated only in big cities.
（1）What does the author want to stress in Paragraph 1? A.The lighting-fast speed of 5G. B.The expectation of 5G world. C.The difference between 4G and 5G. D.The internet-connected devices in our life.
（2）What does the underlined word \"emblem\" in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Exhibition. B.Success. C.Symbol. D.Explanation.
（3）We can infer from the text that ________. A.5G world won't come without AR glasses B.5G helps to create the artificial intelligence vehicle C.Apple company is developing AR glasses worldwide
D.Tech companies will face the fact that smartphones may be replaced （4）What will the author probably tell us next? A.How to fully expand 5G coverage. B.Smart glasses will become faster and lighter. C.Why 5G isn't concentrated in big cities. D.The importance of infrastructure construction. 【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）D （4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着科技的不断发展，5G时代即将来临。它最大的优势就是上网速度大大加快。
（1）考查推理判断。第一段提出5G时代即将来临，接下来介绍5G上网下载的高速度，相比于目前的4G，5G有望达到千兆的上网速度。作者在第一段想强调5G的超级速度。故选A。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“and that is to say, it is a sign of time”也就是说，这是时间的标志）是对前面的补充说明。可推知，划线词的意思是“标志，象征”。故选C。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“This is notable because companies such as Apple are reportedly developing AR glasses to assist — or perhaps even replace — smartphones.”这一点值得注意，因为据报道，苹果(Apple)等公司正在开发增强现实眼镜，以帮助——甚至取代——智能手机）可知，我们可以从文中推断，科技公司将面临智能手机可能被取代的事实。故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But don't get too excited. There's still a lot of work to be done in the meantime, including various trials to make sure the radios play nicely with hardware and infrastructure construction so 5G isn't concentrated only in big cities.”但是不要太激动。与此同时，仍有很多工作要做，包括各种试验，以确保收音机能很好地配合硬件和基础设施建设，这样5G就不会只集中在大城市，可知，作者接下来可能会告诉我们“如何全面扩大5G覆盖。”故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
8．阅读理解
Famous food festivals around the world
Food festivals are held all across the world every year, and people from different parts come to these festivals in large numbers to satisfy their taste buds（味蕾）. Galway International Oyster(牡蛎) and Seafood Festival Galway, Ireland
September 26 to September 29, 2020
This is the world's longest running oyster festival, first appeared in 1954. Apart from the excellent seafood that is served, the festival also features some exciting events such as oyster
eating contest, live music, tasting parties, etc. International Mango(芒果) Festival New Delhi, India June 30 to July 2, 2020
This festival is a celebration of everything about mangoes. It features the different kinds of mangoes and the various food items that are made from them. The festival also holds a number of special events such as mango-eating competitions, mango-tasting events, quiz competitions, and plenty of traditional and folk performances. Garlic (大蒜) Festival The Isle of Wight, England August 17 to August 18, 2020
This is one of the largest events that the Isle of Wight hosts each year, and it shows recipes made from garlic. Some foods made out of garlic and garlic beer are available(可得到的) there. The festival also features live music and a country fair. The Crave Sydney International Food Festival Sydney, Australia
October 1 to October 31, 2020
This festival attracts a number of famous international chefs each year as visitors to experience the best of Australian food. From fine dining at famous restaurants to street food to cooking classes, this event has a lot in store for a visitor.
（1）If you are only free at the beginning of July you can go to ______. A.Garlic Festival.
B.International Mango Festival.
C.The Crave Sydney International Food Festival. D.Galway International Oyster and Seafood Festival.
（2）If you want to enjoy seafood you should go to _____. A.Galway B.Sydney C.New Delhi D.the Isle of Wight
（3）A chef is advised to take part in _____. A.Garlic Festival.
B.International Mango Festival.
C.The Crave Sydney International Food Festival. D.Galway International Oyster and Seafood Festival. 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了不同地方的四个美食节，包括它们举办的日期、内容等信息。
（1）考查细节理解。根据International Mango(芒果) Festival部分中的“June 30 to July 2,
2020”可知，国际芒果节的举办时间是在2020年6月30日至7月2日之间，与你休息的时间吻合。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据Galway International Oyster(牡蛎) and Seafood Festival这个标题，就可以知道这是在高威举办的一个牡蛎海鲜美食节。所以你应该去Galway（高威）。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据The Crave Sydney International Food Festival部分中的“This festival attracts a number of famous international chefs each year as visitors to experience the best of Australian food.”这个节日每年都会吸引许多著名的国际厨师来体验澳大利亚最好的食物，可知，一个厨师应该去The Crave Sydney International Food Festival。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
9．阅读理解
Guess what former Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg and United States president Donald Trump's granddaughter, Arabella Kushner, have in common? They both study Chinese as a second language.
Although Chinese is known as one of the hardest languages to learn, a lot of people from different backgrounds are studying it with hopes of big benefits.
Nov 2 saw more than 120 people, coming from 105 countries, compete in the finals of the 12th \"Chinese Bridge\" Chinese Proficiency Competition for foreign secondary school students. Held in Zhengzhou, Henan province, the finals was mainly made up of speech contests and talent shows. The contestants also visited the Shaolin Temple, Longmen Grottoes and other historical sites in Henan.
While reasons for learning Chinese were different, a common one was interest in the country's rich culture and rapid development.
Raissa, 17, from the Union of the Comoros, developed a strong emotional connection with China after her grandmother was cured by doctors of the Chinese medical team in Africa three years ago. This led her to learn Chinese at a local Confucius Institute.
Fascinated by Chinese culture, the competitor has taken part in activities on traditional Chinese medicine and folk arts during her first trip to China. \"My dream is to study medicine in China so that I could cure patients like the Chinese doctors did,\" she said.
For Fekete Marcell Zoltan, 17, from the Hungarian-Chinese Bilingual School, studying Chinese may secure him a future job as a Hungarian diplomat(外交官) to China. \"After graduation from high school, I would like to further my studies in China,\" he said.
Robert Davis, director of the Chinese-language program in Chicago's public school system, may give you a hint. \"Chinese isn't the new French. It's the new English, which is widely used all over the world.\" he told CGTN.
（1）Why are Mark Zuckerberg and Arabella Kushner mentioned in paragraph one? A.To show Chinese is popular. B.To introduce them to the readers. C.To tell the readers they love China.
D.To stress the importance of learning Chinese.
（2）The underlined word Fascinated in paragraph 6 can be replaced by ______. A.Attracted B.Employed C.Inspected D.Appreciated
（3）What is the common reason for the competitors to learn Chinese? A.It's easy to learn.
B.They want to become a doctor.
C.They hope for a good job after graduation.
D.They have interest in Chinese culture and rapid development. （4）What is Robert Davis' attitude to learning Chinese? A.Doubtful. B.Supportive. C.Indifferent. D.Upset. 【答案】 （1）A （2）A （3）D （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了汉语变得越来越受欢迎这一现象。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“They both study Chinese as a second language.”以及上文可知，前澳大利亚的首相Kevin Rudd, 脸谱 CEO Mark Zuckerberg and 川普的孙女 Arabella Kushner,是为了突出他们都在学汉语，从而表明汉语很流行，所以选A。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第六段中的“Fascinated by Chinese culture, the competitor has taken part in activities on traditional Chinese medicine and folk arts during her first trip to China.”可知是由于被中国文化吸引，参赛者参加各种有关中医以及民间艺术的活动，所以fascinated表示吸引，故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段“While reasons for learning Chinese were different, a common one was interest in the country's rich culture and rapid development.” 可知这些参赛者们学习汉语的共同原因是他们对中国文化和发展感兴趣，所以选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Chinese isn't the new French. It's the new English, which is widely used all over the world.” 可知他认为汉语将会像英语一样在全世界广泛应用，所以他对学习汉语的态度是支持的，所以选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
10．阅读理解
The secret to happiness is keeping busy, research has found. Keeping the mind occupied with
tasks ------ no matter how meaningless—keeps off (避开) negative emotions (情绪)，the study found .
However , the bad news is that humans are seemingly born to be lazy in order to save energy , according to Professor Christopher Hsee, a behavioral(行为的)scientist at Chicago University . In a study , 98 students were asked to complete two surveys(调查). After they had completed the first, they were made to wait 15 minutes to receive the next one. They were given a choice of either handing in the first survey nearby or at a more distant location they had to walk to. Whichever option they chose, they received a chocolate bar. It turned out that approximately(大约) two – thirds (68 students ) chose the lazy option(选项). Those who had taken the walk reported feeling happier than those who had stayed put(呆在原处).
Prof. Hsee concluded that keeping busy helped keep people happy. He said the findings , reported in the journal Psychological Science , had policy implications (政策意义).
\"Governments may increase the happiness of idle (闲散的) citizens by having them build bridges that are actually useless,\" he proposed (建议).
At the individual(个人的)level, he advised, \"Get up and do something . Anything. Even if there really is no point to what you are doing, you will feel better for it\". He added , \"Incidentally , thinking deeply or engaging in self-reflection(反省)counts as keeping busy, too.\"
\"You do not need to be running around. You just need to be engaged, either physically or mentally.\"
（1）Why can keeping busy make people happy ? A.It can help people get rid of laziness. B.It can make people sleep better.
C.It can help get rid of negative emotions(负面情绪) D.It can give people a sense of achievement
（2）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A.The finding may contribute to politics. B.The officials have taken Prof. Hsee's advice.
C.In the study half students handed in the first survey nearby. D.Governments can increase citizens' happiness by building bridges. （3）What can we infer（推断）from the passage? A.Only by keeping working all the time can you gain happiness. B.Prof .Hsee's finding was published in Psychological Science. C.Keeping busy can add to the possibility of being happy. D.Everybody is born to be lazy.
（4）What is the author's purpose in writing this passage ? A.To explain what happiness is .
B.To advise people not to sit around(坐着啥也不做). C.To advise people to do what they like to. D.To show people how to take life correctly. 【答案】 （1）C
（2）A （3）C （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，保持忙碌能摆脱负面情绪，让人快乐起来。作者建议人们不要坐着啥也不做。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Keeping the mind occupied with tasks –------ no matter how meaningless—keeps off (避开) negative emotions (情绪)，the study found .”可知，保持忙碌之所以能让人快乐是因为它能摆脱负面情绪。故选C。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“He said the findings , reported in the journal Psychological Science , had policy implications (政策意义).” ；以及第五段中的“Governments may increase the happiness of idle (闲散的) citizens by having them build bridges that are actually useless , ”可知，这一发现可能有助于政治。故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“‘Get up and do something . Anything . Even if there really is no point to what you are doing , you will feel better for it’ . He added , ‘Incidentally , thinking deeply or engaging in self-reflection（反省）counts as keeping busy , too .’”；以及最后一段“You do not need to be running around . You just need to be engaged , either physically or mentally .”可推知，保持忙碌可以增加快乐的可能性。故选C。
（4）考查目的意图。根据倒数第二段中“‘...Even if there really is no point to what you are doing , you will feel better for it’ . He added , ‘Incidentally , thinking deeply or engaging in self-reflection（反省）counts as keeping busy , too .’和最后一段“You do not need to be running around . You just need to be engaged , either physically or mentally .”可知，作者建议人们不要坐着啥也不做。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案
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