一、英语语法填空
1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ernest Hemingway, the son of a doctor and a music teacher, was born in 1899 in Oak Park, Illinois. Hemingway's father________(teach) him early on how to hunt and fish, two activities Hemingway loved throughout his life. Instead of ________(go) to college, Hemingway became a reporter for the Kansas City Star.
Later, in Europe, he worked as a driver ________ the Italian army until he was wounded and shipped home, where he again wrote for newspapers. Two years ________, he moved to Paris, where he hoped to improve his writing. There he became friends with other ________(America) writers, including
Gertrude Stein and F. Scott Fitzgerald.
Hemingway developed ________ style of writing that was simple and direct. He chose words sparingly(俭省地), avoided using adjectives, and trusted the reader to understand ________(mean) of his writing. As he put it, \"I always try ________(write) on the principle(原则) of the iceberg(冰山). There is seven eighths of it under water for every part that shows. \"This style continues to influence Writers today. In his career(生涯), which lasted some 40 years, Hemingway earned the Pulitzer Prize and the Nobel Prize. He was one of the finest writers of the________(twenty) century.
For a while Emest Hemingway lived in Key West, Florida, where he had nearly 50 cats. One of them was a cat with six toes(脚趾), which a ship's captain had given him. Today his Key West home is a museum, and many cats still live there. Some of them are ________(child) of Hemingway's six-toed cat. Hemingway was married four times and had three sons. He died in 1961.
【答案】 taught；going；for；later；American；a；meaning；to write；twentieth；children 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了海明威及其写作风格。
（1）句意： 海明威的父亲很早就教他如何打猎和钓鱼。描述过去用一般过去时，teach的过去式是taught，故填 taught。
（2）句意： 海明威没有去上大学，而是成了《堪萨斯城明星报》的记者。of是介词其后是动名词，故填going。
（3）句意： 后来，在欧洲，他在意大利军队当司机，直到他受伤并被运回家，在那里他再次为报纸写作。work for，固定搭配，为……工作，故填for。
（4）句意： 四年后，他搬到巴黎，希望在那里提高写作水平。时间段+later，……之后，故填later。
（5）句意：在那里，他和其他美国作家成了朋友。writers是名词其前是形容词做定语，America是名词，American是形容词，故填 American。
（6）句意： 海明威形成了一种简单直接的写作风格。style是名词单数，以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a表示泛指，故填a。
（7）句意：他谨慎地选择词语，避免使用形容词，并相信读者能理解他作品的意思。
understand后是动名词做宾语，故填 meaning。
（8）句意：我总是试图用冰山的原理写作。try to do，固定搭配，尝试做某事，故填 to write 。
（9）句意： 他是20世纪最优秀的作家之一。根据定冠词the可知，此处是序数词，twenty是基数词，twentieth是序数词 ， 故填 twentieth。
（10）句意： 其中一些是海明威六趾猫的孩子。 根据are，可知表语是名词复数，child的复数是children ， 故填 children。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，非谓语动词，词性，介词搭配等多种用法。
2．语法填空 Dear Auntie Em,
Great news! Mrs Mumford just told me I had been chosen as one of the school________(student)to visit the University of Cape Town in South Africa this summer！She said the programme________(design)for some of the brighter teenagers to experience a different culture.________a good chance！
The only problem is: Mum and Dad________(simple)won't let me go. They said it was dangerous for me, a girl, ________(travel)alone. But my guess is that they think it too expensive. I kept telling________(they)I had been on a plane alone to visit you in Texas before. They needn't worry about me________this trip would be almost the same as that one.________(but)they just won't listen!
Will you help, Auntie Em? It will be________very important experience to my personal growth. Love, (and love you even________(much)if you manage to make Mum & Dad agree with me.
)
【答案】 students；was designed；What；simply；to travel；them；because/as；But；a；more
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了作者因无法参观南非开普敦大学而向Auntie Em求助。 （1）句意： 芒福德夫人刚刚告诉我，我被选为今年夏天参观南非开普敦大学的学生之一！one of+限定词+名词复数，故填students。
（2）句意： 她说这个项目是为了让一些聪明的青少年体验不同的文化而设立的。design和programme是被动关系，主句是一般过去时，故从句是过去式的被动语态，主语是program么me，单数名词，故助动词是was，故填 was designed。
（3）句意：多好的机会啊！根据 a good chance 可知此处是感叹名词chance，故用what，故填What。
（4）句意： 妈妈和爸爸绝对不会让我走。副词修饰动词let，simply是副词，绝对地，故填simply。
（5）句意： 他们说这对我这个独自旅行的女孩来说很危险。it's+形容词+for sb to do，固定搭配，对某人而言做某事很……，故此处是不定式，故填 to travel。
（6）句意： 我不停地告诉他们，我以前曾独自乘飞机去德克萨斯州看望过你们。tell是动词，其后是宾格做宾语，they的宾格是them，故填them。
（7）句意： 他们不用担心我，因为这次旅行几乎和那次一样。从句是对主句的解释，故表示原因，故填 because/as。
（8）句意： 但是他们就是不听！作者安慰了父母很久，和他们就是不听表示转折故选，故是但是 ， 故填But。
（9）句意： 这对我的个人成长将是非常重要的经历。experience是名词，very以辅音音素开头，故此处用不定冠词a，表示泛指 ， 故填a。
（10）句意： 如果你能让爸爸妈妈同意我的话，我会更爱你。副词even后是比较级，much的比较级是more ， 故填more。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。
3．语法填空
Long long ago, there was a small village in the Middle East. In the village there was________old man called Sthira. He lived by himself. His only son had gone far away to study. Sthira's friends________(wonder) whether his son would return,________Sthira always said,\" Whatever happens, happens for good.\"
One day the old man's son returned and the villagers were very happy for Sthira. He thanked the villagers and said________(polite),\"Whatever happens, happens for good.\" However, later, Sthira's son broke his________(leg). Once again the villagers came to visit him and once again the old man thanked________(they) and said, \"Whatever happens, happens for good.\" Some of the villagers were surprised________(hear) this. Why? What was good? His son's leg got badly hurt! After a few days, the army came to the village and forced all the young men to________the army. When they found his son had a________(break) leg, they left him behind. Once again, all the villagers came to congratulate him on his________(good) luck. Like always, the old man was still thankful to them and said,\" Whatever happens, happens for good.\"
【答案】 an；wondered；but；politely；leg；them；to hear；join；broken；good 【解析】【分析】文章大意：从前，在一个小村里，有一个泰斯拉的老人，不管发生了什么他都认为是好事。
（1）句意：在一个村庄里有一个叫做泰斯拉的老人。man是单数，前面需要不定冠词，old是以元音音素开始的，因此使用an，故答案是an。
（2）句意：泰斯拉的朋友想知道他的朋友是否回来。根据句首的long long ago可知句子为一般过去时，故答案是wondered。
（3）句意：但是泰斯拉总是说“不管发生了什么，都是 好事，”朋友想知道他的儿子是否会回来，泰斯拉却说不管发生了什么都是好事，所以使用but表示转折，故答案是but。 （4）句意：他感谢了村民们，然然后礼貌地说：“不管发生了什么，发生的都是好事。”polite修饰动词said，因此使用副词politely，故答案是politely。
（5）句意：然而，之后，太势力的儿子摔断了腿。摔断的不可能是两条腿，应该是一条腿，因此使用单数形式，故答案是leg。
（6）句意：村民在一次来看忘了他，他再一次感谢了他们。they做thank的宾语，应使用宾格人称代词，故答案是them。
（7）句意：一些村名听到后感到很吃惊。听到是吃惊的原因，应使用动词不定式做状语，故答案是to hear。
（8）句意：几天之后，军队来到村里，强迫年轻人参军。根据the army可知是强迫参军，force sb. to do sth.固定搭配，to已经给出，因此使用动词原形，故答案是join。 （9）句意：当他们发现他的儿子有一条断腿的时候，他们就把他留下了。break修饰leg，因此使用过去分词，故答案是broken。
（10）句意：村民再次来祝她好运。good修饰luck，没有任何比较，所以使用原级，故答案是good。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。
4．语法填空
Last night I went to a concert of Chinese folk music. ________ piece which was played on the echo especially moved me. I was made________(feel)sad and painful ________(strong).The piece ________(name)Erquan Yingyue, but it was one of ________(move)pieces of music that I've ever heard. The echo sounded so sad ________ I almost cried along with it as I listened. Abing, ________ was a folk musician, wrote the music. He could play many musical ________(instrument) with his father's help. By age 17, he was known ________ his musical skills. Today, Abing's Erquan Yingyue is a piece which all the greatest echo masters play and praise. It ________(become)one of China's national treasures.
【答案】 The；to feel；strongly；was named；the most moving；that；who；instruments；for；has become
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了作者对二泉映月这首曲子的感受和了解。
（1）句意： 回声中播放的那首曲子尤其打动我。根据 which was played on the echo 可知做piece的后置定语，故piece表示特指用定冠词，位于句首首字母大写，故填The。 （2）句意： 我强烈地感到悲伤和痛苦。was made to do，固定搭配，被迫做，故填to feel。
（3）句意：我强烈地感到悲伤和痛苦。副词修饰动词feel，strongly，是副词，强烈地，故填strongly。
（4）句意： 这首曲子叫二泉映月，但它是我听过的最动人的乐章之一。 name和piece是被动关系，描述过去用一般过去时，主语是piece名词单数故助动词是was，故填was。 （5）句意：这首曲子叫二泉映月，但它是我听过的最动人的乐章之一。one of是最高级的标志，was是系动词其后是形容词，修饰物用ing结尾的形容词，故此处是moving是多音节单词，最高级是the most+moving的形式，故填 the most moving 。
（6）句意： 回声听起来如此悲伤，我听着几乎要哭了。so...that，固定搭配，如此……以至于，引导结果状语从句，故填that。
（7）句意： 阿炳是一名民间音乐家，他创作了这首音乐。定语从句中缺少主语指代人阿炳故用who，故填who。
（8）句意： 在他父亲的帮助下，他可以演奏许多乐器。many修饰名词复数，故填
instruments 。
（9）句意： 到17岁时，他的音乐技能已经广为人知。be known for，固定搭配，因……而出名，故填for。
（10）句意： 它成为中国的国宝之一。现在完成时表示对现在的影响，或现在的结果，主语是it第三人称单数，故助动词是has，故填 has become 。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。
5．阅读下面短文，在空白处填人适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 According to a study, about 85% of Grade 11 students in Canada have their own mobile phones. About 52% of Grade 7 students and 24% of Grade 4 students also carry mobile phones. In many schools, students must turn off their mobile phones and leave ________ in their schoolbags during school hours. Some schools even don't allow students ________ (take) mobile phones to school.
Do you know why these schools don't want students to use mobile phones at school? One of the main ________ (reason) is that mobile phones can distract(使分心) students ________ their study.
Many of these mobile phones are \"smartphones\Internet, send text messages, play games, take ________ (photo) and listen to music. Mr. Jackson says, \"Many teachers like me are also ________ (worry) that students will use mobile phones to cheat (作弊) in tests, or to record videos of teachers or other students and post them online.\" ________, some people have different opinions. They think mobile phones are ________ (use) at school. Students can use them in class ________ (watch) educational videos online. Mobile phones can be especially useful in the schools where there aren't enough computers. What's more, some parents want to be able to reach their children during the day. They want their children to take mobile phones all the time.
【答案】 them；to take；reasons；from；used；photos；worried；However；useful；to watch
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文谈论了学生在学校带手机的问题，有人主张不允许带手机，二另一部分人认为应该带，可以帮助孩子们学习。
（1）句意：在许多学校，学生必须关闭手机，并把手机放在书包里。空缺处指代的是mobile phones，在句中做宾语，因此使用宾格人称代词them，故答案是them。 （2）句意：一些学校甚至不允许学生带手机去学校。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事，固定搭配，应使用动词不定式，故答案是to take。
（3）句意：一个主要的原因就是手机使学生对于学习分心。reason原因，可数名词，在one of结构中，应使用复数形式，故答案是reasons。
（4）句意：一个主要的原因就是手机使学生对于学习分心。distract sb. from sth.分散某人对于某物的注意力，固定搭配，故答案是from。
（5）句意：许多手机是智能手机，他们能用来上网，发短信，玩游戏或者拍照。本句为
被动语态，在被动语态中，动词使用过去分词，故答案是used。
（6）句意：许多手机是智能手机，他们能用来上网，发短信，玩游戏或者拍照。take photos拍照，固定搭配，故答案是photos。
（7）句意：许多像我一样的老师担心学生在考试中用手机作弊，或者给老师或者学生录像，并上传到网上。are后跟形容词worried作表语，故答案是worried。
（8）句意：然而，一些人有不同的观点。后面陈述的与前面陈述的意思是不一致的，应是只用转折词，因为在句首，因此使用however，注意首字母要大写，故答案是However。
（9）句意：他们认为手机在学校有用。be动词后需要使用形容词作表语，因此将use改为useful，故答案是useful。
（10）句意：学生可以在课上观看教学视频。看视频是使用手机的目的，应使用动词不定式做目的状语。故答案是to watch。
【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。
6．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
I was born and raised in Ireland and lived there until I was nineteen years old. I came to this country in 1913 where I held several jobs ________ (earn) a few dollars before enlisting in World War I.
After being discharged, I bought my own cab and have owned one ever since. ________ hasn't been too easy at times, ________ my wife takes care of our money and we have a good bit put away ________ a rainy day.
Most people think taxi drivers are tough. But I think people get the ________ impression that they are bad. Taxi drivers are just like other people. Most of them will ________ (regard) as honest fellows. I've been in the taxicab business for thirty-five years. In all my years of driving a taxicab, I have never had any trouble with the public, not ________ with drunks. Even if they get a little headstrong once in a while, I just agree with them and then they behave ________ (they). I believe honesty is one of the greatest ________ (gift) there is. I believe in God and try to be a good member of my parish. I try to act toward others like I think God wants me to act. I have been trying this for a long time, and the longer I try, the ________ (easy) it gets.
【答案】 to earn；It；but yet；for；wrong/false；be regarded；even；themselves；gifts；easier
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作为出租车司机的作者，在几十年的职业生涯中，认识到诚实是最宝贵的品质。
（1）句意：我在1913年来到这个国家，在参加第一次世界大战之前，我做了几份工作，挣了几美元。不定式做目的状语，故填 to earn。
（2）句意：有时这并不太容易，但我的妻子打理我们的钱，我们有一个很好的储蓄，以备不时之需。it 指代上文的 I bought my own cab and have owned one 这件事，故填 It。
（3）句意：有时这并不太容易，但我的妻子打理我们的钱，我们有一个很好的储蓄，以备不时之需。根据 hasn't been too easy at times 和 have a good bit put away 可知此处表示转折，故填 but/yet 。
（4）句意：有时这并不太容易，但我的妻子打理我们的钱，我们有一个很好的储蓄，以备不时之需。此处表示目的，for，介词，为了，故填 for。
（5）句意：但是我认为人们错误的认为他们是坏的。 impression是名词，其前是形容词做定语，根据 Taxi drivers are just like other people. Most of them will 6 (regard) as honest fellows 可知是错误的印象，wrong/false是形容词，错误的，故填 wrong/false。
（6）句意：他们中的大多数人将被视为诚实的人。regard与主语most of them是被动关系，根据助动词will，可知是一般将来时的被动语态，故填 be regarded。
（7）句意：在我开出租车的这些年里，我从来没有遇到过公众的麻烦，即使是酒鬼。根据 I have never had any trouble 可知此处是副词修饰介词短语，even，即使，是副词，加强语气，故填 even。
（8）句意：即使他们偶尔有点倔强，我也只是同意他们的意见，然后他们就会规规矩矩地行事。behave oneself，固定搭配， 规规矩矩 ，主语是they，故反身代词是themselves，故填 themselves。
（9）句意：我相信诚实是最好的礼物之一。 one of 后是名词复数，gift是名词，故填 gifts。
（10）句意：我已经尝试这个很长时间了，而且我尝试的时间越长，它就变得越容易。the+比较级，the+比较级，固定搭配，越……越，故此处是比较级，easy的比较级是easier，故填 easier。
【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。
7．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式（每空不多于3个单词）。
One day, a student asked his teacher, \"What is greed(贪婪)?\" The teacher didn't answer his question ________(direct), but asked the student to walk through the chocolate factory next to their school and pick out the ________(big) chocolate bar(条；块) he could find. But there was a rule: ________ he passed through the factory, he could not turn back.
The student went to the chocolate factory. As he walked, he saw a large chocolate bar. He liked it, but thought he might be able to find an even bigger one if he kept going.
He kept ________(walk) and saw another chocolate bar. This one was a little bigger. But again, he thought he could find an even bigger one if he kept going. As he neared the end of the factory, he saw ________(few) chocolate bars, and none of them were as large as the earlier ones. He started ________(regret) his decision to keep going. Finally he gave ________. He went back to his teacher empty-handed and ________(explain) what had happened.
The teacher told him, \"You liked the ________(one) chocolate bar, but you kept looking for a bigger one. And later, you realized ________ you had given up the best chocolate bar because
you thought you could do better. That is called greed.\"
【答案】 directly；biggest；as；walking；fewer；to regret；up；explained；first；that 【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是一个学生问老师什么是贪婪，老师没有直接回答他的问题，而是去学校隔壁的巧克力工厂找最大的巧克力棒。通过亲身经历理解什么是贪婪。
（1）句意：老师没有直接回答他的问题，副词修饰动词，direct直接的，形容词，directly，直接地，副词，故答案为：directly。
（2）句意：但是他让这个靴子步行穿过学校隔壁的巧克力工厂并且挑出他能找到的最大的巧克力棒。根据 chocolate bar(条；块) he could find 可知层次用形容词的最高级，故答案为：biggest。
（3）句意：但是有一个规则：当他走过工厂时他不能返回。as，当……时候，表示主句动作和从句的动作同时进行，故答案为：as。
（4）句意：他不断向前走并且看到另一个巧克力棒。keep doing sth.不断做某事，故答案为：walking。
（5）句意：当他靠近工厂尽头时，他几乎没看到几个巧克力帮，并且没有一个比以前的大。根据 and none of them were as large as the earlier ones.可知越走看到的巧克力棒越少。可知此处用比较级结构，故答案为：fewer。
（6）句意：他开始后悔自己继续向前走的决定。start to do sth.开始做某事，故答案为：to regret。
（7）句意：最后他放弃了。根据He went back to his teacher empty-handed，可知他放弃了没有再找。give up，放弃，固定短语，故答案为：up。
（8）句意：他空着手回到老师跟前并且解释所发生的一切。此处是并且谓语，谓语动词结构一致，可知此处动词用过去式，故答案为：explained。
（9）句意：你喜欢第一个巧克力棒，但是你继续寻找更大的。定冠词the后用序数词修饰名词，one的序数词first，故答案为：first。
（10）句意：后来，你意识到你放弃了最好的巧克力棒因为你认为你能做得更好。此处是宾语从句，从句是陈述结构，用that引导，故答案为：that。
【点评】此题考查语法填空。我们先阅读短文，理解短文大意。然后仔细阅读每个句子。根据英语语法知识用所给词的正确形式填空，或在空格处填上正确的词。
8．阅读下面的短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。 Today skateboarding is popular around the world. Many young people like the sport, and so ________(do) Marcelo Lusardi. However, the young man is quite different from many others -- he is a blind skateboarder.
Marcelo was born in Argentina, and now he lives in Santiago de Compostela, Spain. He used to live an easy life but everything changed when he went blind in 2015. He felt ________(hope), as he couldn't imagine living without sight (视力).________(Luck), a friend of his________ (father) stepped in and helped him out. Thanks to her help, Marcelo was able ________(accept) his condition and started getting out more.
Marcelo went to the skate park he had often visited. At first, he thought skating was out of the
question for a blind man like him. But his skateboarding friends ________(tell) him he was still one of them and he had to get back on the skateboard. They helped him learn to use his other senses except sight ________( ride )the skateboard again and even try out some new tricks. Looking back, Marcelo thought________(lose) his sight helped him realize who he is and what he wants to do. “People sometimes have problems and think that's the end of the world, but in the end you can solve these problems. Look at me, I was skating, then I went blind, and now I ________(skate) again. Not as well as before, but I can still do it and leave people with their mouths________ (open).” So, remember: Everything has a solution in life.
【答案】 does；hopeless；Luckily；father's；to accept；told；to ride；losing；skate；open 【解析】【分析】文章大意：今天滑板运动在世界各地很流行。许多年轻人喜欢这项运动，马塞洛·卢萨迪也喜欢。然而，这个年轻人与其他许多人截然不同——他是一个盲人滑板运动员。马塞洛出生在阿根廷，现在他住在西班牙的圣地亚哥。马塞洛认为失去视力有助于他认识到自己是谁，他想做什么。“人们有时会有问题，认为这是世界末日，但最终你可以解决这些问题。看看我，我在滑冰，然后我就瞎了眼，现在我又滑冰了。不如以前那么好，但我仍然可以做到，让人们张开嘴。所以，记住：生活中的每件事都有解决办法。 （1）句意：许多年轻人喜欢这项运动，马塞洛·卢萨迪也喜欢。根据句意可知此处是半倒装结构，so+助动词+主语。句子时态是一般现在时，根据空后Marcelo Lusardi.可知助动词用does，故答案为：does。
（2）句意：他感到绝望，因为他无法想象没有视觉的生活。根据as he couldn't imagine living without sight 可知看不见东西是绝望的，毫无希望的，felt感觉系动词，后面跟形容词，hope希望，hopeless毫无希望的，故答案为：hopeless。
（3）句意：幸运的是，他父亲的一个朋友进来帮助他。根据后面helped him out可知有人帮他走出来，可知他想幸运的，luck幸运，名词，此处是副词放在句首作状语，luckily幸运地，故答案为：Luckily。
（4）句意：幸运的是，他父亲的一个朋友进来帮助他。根据空前a friend of his可知，此空应填名词的所有格，根据句意可知，此空是他父亲的意思，father父亲，名词，father's名词所有格，故答案为：father's。
（5）句意：多亏了她的帮助，马塞洛才接受了他的条件，并开始走出去。根据固定短语，be able to，可以，有能力，故答案为：to accept。
（6）句意：但是他的滑板朋友告诉他，他仍然是他们中的一员，他必须回到滑板上。根据空后he was still one of them可知，可知主句是时态是一般过去时，故答案为：told 。 （7）句意：他们帮助他学会了使用除视觉以外的其他感官来再次玩滑板，甚至尝试一些新的技巧。根据短语用法use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事。故答案为：to ride 。
（8）句意：回首过去，马塞洛认为失明帮助他认识到自己是谁，他想做什么。根据句意可知，此句是宾语从句，此空在从句作主语，故用动名词，故答案为：losing。
（9）句意：看看我，我在溜冰，然后我失明了，现在我又在溜冰了。根据空前now可知，此空应填现在进行时或一般现在时，此处指状态，用一般现在时，故答案为：skate 。 （10）句意：没有以前那么好，但我仍然可以做到，让人们张开嘴。根据空前leave people with their mouths可知，此空应填形容词，根据句意可知，此空是开着的， 敞开的，张开的意思，故答案为：open。
【点评】此题考查语法填空。我们先跳过空格阅读短文，了解短文大意。然后根据句意和英语语法知识及固定搭配，用所给词的正确形式填空。
9．阅读下面材料，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（每空1个单词)
A group of boys gathered around a tree. \"What a tall tree!\" they said to each other. \"It would be exciting to climb to the top!\"
The group of boys then decided to play a game to see who could ________(climb) to the top of the tree first. Their ________(mother) were sitting not far away, looking on at them as they played.
One of the climbers was________(冠词)8-year-old boy named David. He was the________ (short) child in the group. Nobody thought he would win the competition.
Then the game started. All of the boys tried ________( they 1 best to climb as high as they could. ________(连词)they all made it halfway up the tree before David did, he reached the top of the tree first in the end.
His mother was proud to see this. She asked him, \"David, how did you manage to reach the top of the tree so ________(quick)?\"
\"It was easy, \"David said. \"The other children ________( keep) looking down as they climbed. When they realized how high they were, they got scared and were afraid of ________(fall) down. I, however, looked only up. When I saw how close I was, I just went higher and higher until I reached the lop.\"
It is true in life that if we just keep going forward________(介词)looking back, we are more likely to reach our goals and achieve success.
【答案】 climb；mothers；an；shortest；their；Although/ Though；quickly；kept；falling；without
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：这群男孩于是决定玩一个游戏，看谁能先爬到树顶。climb是动词，爬，could是情态动词其后是动词原形 ，故填 climb 。
（2）句意：他们的母亲坐在不远处，看着他们玩耍。mother是名词，妈妈，此处泛指故用复数，故填 mothers。
（3）句意：其中一个登山者是一个名叫大卫的8岁男孩。boy是名词单数，8以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an表示泛指，故填an。
（4）句意：他是小组里个子最矮的孩子。没有人想到他会赢得这场比赛。 short是形容词，矮的，根据定冠词the可知是形容词最高级，故填 shortest。
（5）句意：然后比赛开始了。所有的男孩都尽力爬到尽可能高的地方。try one's best to do，固定搭配，尽某人最大努力做某事，they的形容词性物主代词是their，他们的，故填 their。
（6）句意：虽然他们都比大卫先爬到了树的一半，但最后他还是第一个到达了树顶。根据they all made it halfway up the tree 和 he reached the top of the tree first in the end ，可知此处是让步状语从句的语气，although/ though，尽管，故填 Although/ Though。 （7）句意：大卫，你是怎么这么快就爬到树顶的？副词修饰reach，quick的副词是
quickly，迅速地，故填 quickly。
（8）句意：其他孩子在爬山时不断向下看。根据 as they climbed 可知时态是一般过去时，keep的是动词，其过去式是kept，保持，故填 kept。
（9）句意：当他们意识到自己有多高时，就会感到害怕，害怕摔倒。fall是动词，落下，of是介词，其后是动名词falling，故填 falling。
（10）句意：这是真实的生活，如果我们继续向前，而不回头看，我们更有可能达到我们的目标和取得成功。根据 keep going forward 可知是不要回头，without是介词，没有，故填 without。
【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。
10．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
We always remind ourselves that life will be better after we graduate. Then, we are ________ (worry) that we may not get a good job. After getting a job, we are wondering ________ we can finish all the work well or not. We think we will certainly be happy when all the problems are dealt with.
We always imagine living a perfect life after we get a nice car and are able to go on a vacation after we retire. But the ________ (true) is that there is no better time than right now. Our life will always be ________ (fill) with challenges. New problems will appear again after we solve the old ________ . Never doubt ________ (oneself) when problems come up and it's certain that you can finally manage to get over all the difficulties. It's necessary to realize this and try to be happy every day.
One of my favorite quotes(引述) from Alfred Souza is that \"For a long time it seemed to me that a new and happy life was about to begin. But there were always some difficulties and challenges along the way, something to be dealt with first, some unfinished work, a bill to be paid. Then life would begin. At last I came to understand that these difficulties are just my life.\" This view makes a great difference ________ me. It gives me courage to face all the difficulties in an active way instead of ________ (run) away from them. It also helps me know that there is no way to happiness. So value every moment that you have now.
And always remember time waits for no one. You can never afford to waste your time waiting for a better life to come ________ the present time is the best. So stop waiting ________ you graduate, you get married, you have kids and you get a new car. Enjoy your life now!
【答案】 worried；whether；truth；filled；ones；yourself/yourselves；to；running；because；until/till
【解析】【分析】文章大意：我们生活中充满了挑战，解决了一个旧的问题又会出现新的问题，不要怀疑自己要直面挑战，同时更要懂得享受生活，不要等，现在就开始享受属于你自己的生活。
（1）句意：于是，我们很担心我们找不到好的工作。根据are可知后面应该是形容词作表语，应将worry改为worried，故答案是worried。
（2）句意：找到工作后，我们在想我们是否能够报工作做好还是做不好。根据or not可
知应是用连词whether，构成宾语从句，故答案是whether。
（3）句意：但是真相是没有比现在更好的时间。从结构看，句中缺少主语，应使用名词做主语，true的名词形式是truth，故答案是truth。
（4）句意：我们的生活总是充满挑战。be filled with，固定短语，用……装满，故答案是filled。
（5）句意：解决了旧的问题之后新的问题将会出现。空缺处应是“问题”problem，指新旧问题的比较，但是直接使用就显得重复，应是用代词，指代相关的一类东西应使用one，因为前面使用了复数，在这里应使用ones，故答案是ones。
（6）句意：当问题来临时从不要怀疑自己。结合前后的叙述可知，在这里应该指”我们自己或者你们自己“，我们自己，ourselves，你们自己，yourselves，反身代词，故答案是yourselves/ourselves。
（7）句意：这样的观点对我产生了很大的影响。make a difference to，固定搭配，对……产生影响，故答案是to。
（8）句意：它给了我面对所有困难的勇气，而不是逃避困难。instead of，而不是……，介词短语，后跟名词、代词或者动名词，run的动名词形式是running，故答案是running。 （9）句意：你从负担不起浪费你的时间，去等待一个更好的生活的来临，因为现在就是最好的。 the present time is the best，阐明的是原因，用来构成原因状语从句，一般构成原因状语从句使用的是because，故答案是because。
（10）句意：故答案是。所以别等你毕业了，你结婚了或者有孩子了。wait是个延续性动词，在这里指的是等待的时间的长短，使用until或者till，故答案是 until/till 。
【点评】考查单词在具体语境中的运用，应根据句子的结构，语法和固定搭配等因素去思考问题，找到解决问题的办法。
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