拓展阅读Unit 2 TextA答案

Text A In-class Reading

Exercises A. Statement Identification

1. D (And though most islands practiced some agriculture (mainly of yams and bananas), fishing,

and turtle and dugong hunting engaged more of their time.)

2. B (Economics aside, the ocean has always inspired the Torres Strait Island cultural imagination,

occupying a central place in its unique culture.)

3. F (The sea also provided Torres Strait religion and society with its social symbolism.)

4. H (The sea also had an owner, who should be consulted when others made use of it, who knew

the associated stories, and who had the right to represent it in song and dance.)

5. K (The work was hard and also dangerous when Islanders began deep water diving after World

War II, but it was also a matter of pride. Parents looked for a hard worker to marry their daughter; a successful skipper was a respected figure in the community.)

6. I (However, the Islanders soon discovered that the strangers possessed one extremely valued

item, iron, which could be traded for fresh vegetables and curios. The increasing number of wrecks also yielded up supplies of metal that proved a preferable substitute for shell and stone blades. Thus began the Islanders’ dependence on European commodities that presently had them becoming wage workers on the pearling boats.)

7. M (With the entry of Japan into World War II, Torres Strait came under military control. Fishing

ceased and almost all able bodied Islander men were recruited into the Torres Strait Light Infantry Battalion. The military needed their services to negotiate the tricky reefs and

channels of the Strait. Islanders also participated in the dangerous run down to Maremme in what was then Dutch New Guinea.)

8. Q (As the islands got air strips, the sick and the elderly turned to this mode of transportation,

and few now make long boat trips, though the dinghy remains important for visiting between adjacent islands.)

9. N (Pearling resumed, but provided wages at only a fraction of what could be earned on the

mainland.)

10. R (Moreover, while Islander knowledge is essential to the formation of a marine strategy, it

needs to be complemented by scientific research.)

B. Reading Analysis

1. B (Paragraph A: It is impossible to understand the history of the Torres Strait Islanders apart

from their relationship with the sea.)

2. A (Paragraph C: We do not know how long the Islanders have been living in Torres Strait.)

3. B (Paragraph E: Trade, carried mainly by Torres Strait canoes, linked the twenty island

communities as well as the Papuan and Australian mainlands into a dense network of transactions.)

4. D (Paragraph J: Europeans began exploiting the marine resources of the Strait in the 1860s, ......

These enterprises required fresh food and water from the Islanders and a stretch of foreshore to repair the boats and process the catch. Here Islanders made the foreigners’ acquaintance, sometimes clashing with them, but eventually learning to live alongside them. The encounter, soon supplemented by the presence of European and Pacific Islander missionaries, had a profound impact on the Islander way of life.)

5. C (Paragraph L: To alleviate the monotony of life at sea, they composed songs, to which they

set dances when they returned home.)

6. C (Paragraph O: But with the opening up of the mainland labour market, young men headed

south. )

7. D (Paragraph P: This innovation changed the character of hunting, though with a population

somewhat below its 1960 peak, and with far fewer luggers, it is doubtful whether the number of dugong and turtle taken by Islanders has substantially increased.)

8. D (Paragraph R: The Islanders’ marine environment has undergone unprecedented changes over

the last twenty-five years. There has been increased traffic of large vessels through the Strait, also large scale commercial fishing. The pearlers and trepangers often overfished, but they limited their attention to a few species and left the marine life otherwise undisturbed. Within the communities, there has been an increase in the use of detergents, and the accumulation of refuse — especially plastics — left by a population depending more on packaged store foods.)

9. C (Paragraph B: This is vividly illustrated by an old Badu song that likens the white foam on

the reef to the bobbing of dancer’s white feather.)

10. A (Paragraph T: Throughout their history, the Torres Strait Islanders have demonstrated their

openness to new ideas. However, their response to the new has never been indiscriminate: they have taken what seemed useful and attractive, and woven it into their way of life. )

C. Vocabulary Building

Part One 1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (a)

Part Two

1. subordinate 2. revived 3. alleviate 4. demonstrated 5. clash with 6. transactions 7. myriad 8. emblem 9. yielded up 10. elaborated

D. Critical Thinking 1. Open. 2. Open. 3. Open.