学位英语词汇、结构、语法专项提升练习
一、选择题
1.--Mark, I failed in the exam again, I’m so upset.
--Don’t worry, I think the first thing ______ is ______ your weak points. A.to do, find out B.being done, to find out C.to do, to hold out D.being done, hold outA 【答案】A 【详解】
考查不定式用法。句意:—Mark,我又一次没有考及格,我很难过。—别担心,我认为要做的第一件事情就是找到你的薄弱环节。当被修饰的名词前面有序数词修饰,或被修饰的词就是序数词的时候,可以使用不定式做定语,所以第一空里使用to do;当主语中已经有了do的某种形式时,做表语的不定式符号to可以省略,所以第二空里使用find out。故A项正确。 2.How I wish every family a large house with a beautiful garden! A.has B.will have C.had D.had hadC 【答案】C 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:我多么希望每个家庭都有一个带着美丽花园的大房子!此句是wish引导
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的从句,从句要虚拟语气,根据wish可知是与现在事实相反,从句用一般过去时。故选C项。
3.____________, all have suffered at least some harm from centuries of rain, war, fire and theft. A.Although a number of tombs have survived with great damage, B.Great damage as a number of tombs have survived with
C.In spite of what little damage a number of tombs have survived with D.Providing that a number of tombs have survived with little damageC 【答案】C 【详解】
考查状语从句。尽管大量的幸存下来的墓穴几乎没有受到破坏,但所有的陵墓都经历了几个世纪的以来的风吹雨打、战争、火灾和偷窃造成的伤害。分析句子可知,空后的句意为“所有的陵墓都经历了几个世纪的以来的风吹雨打、战争、火灾和偷窃造成的伤害。”although表示前后意思是转折的,如果选A项“虽然有许多幸存下来的坟墓遭到了极大的破坏”与后一句“但所有的陵墓都经历了几个世纪的以来的风吹雨打、战争、火灾和偷窃造成的伤害”,显然句意前后不是转折关系,句意不正确,故A错误。 B选项是一个句子,题目中已有一个句子,两个句子没有连词,所以B排除。C项“尽管许多陵墓幸存下来没有多少破坏,” 与题目中的后一句“但所有的陵墓都经历了几个世纪的以来的风吹雨打、战争、火灾和偷窃造成的伤害”是转折关系,句意完整。故C正确。D项“假如许多墓葬幸存,几乎没有损坏。”与题目中的“但所有的陵墓都经历了几个世纪的以来的风吹雨打、战争、火灾和偷窃造成的伤害”意义也不一致,故选C项,
4.They must have mistaken you for your elder sister yesterday, ________? A.haven’t they B.didn’t they
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C.aren’t they D.mustn’t theyB 【答案】B 【详解】
考查反义疑问句。句意:昨天,他们一定是把你错认成你的姐姐了,不是吗?含有must的反义疑问句,当must用来表示对过去的情况进行“推测”(must + have done)时,如强调对过去情况的推测(一般句中有过去的时间状语),反意疑问句部分要用“didn’t + 主语”;如果强调动作的完成(一般没有过去时间状语),反意疑问句部分要用“haven’t / hasn’t + 主语”,故选B。
5.When the authorities refuse to register The Slants as an Asian American band’s name, are they ___ its rights? A.challenging B.violating C.abusing D.confirmingB 【答案】B 【详解】
考查动词辨析。A. challenging挑战;B. violating侵犯;C. abusing滥用;D. confirming确定;句意:当官方拒绝注册“The Slants”为亚洲乐队的名称时,他们是在侵犯乐队的权利吗?根据句意可知B项正确。
6.There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, ________ a sudden loud noise. A.being there B.should there be C.there was
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D.there having beenB 【答案】B 【详解】
考查虚拟语气和倒装句。句意:如果突然有很大的响声,这些动物就真的有可能会受到惊吓。本句是一个省略了if的虚拟条件句,并且是与将来相反,从句可以使用“should+动词原形”;原句为:If there should be a sudden loud noise, these animals could be frightened.。故选B。 7.________ makes our school famous is ________ more than 90% of the students have been admitted to universities. A.What; that B.That; because C.That; what D.What; becauseA 【答案】A 【详解】
考查名词性从句。句意:让我们学校出名的是百分之九十多的学生都被大学录取。分析句式可知,第一空所在句子为主语从句,从句中缺少主语,结合句意可知,要用What引导;第二空是个表语从句,从句不缺成分,意思完整,因此要用that。故选A。 【点睛】
名词性从句关键在于三点:一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分(主、宾、定或状语)三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意,近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。本题设置了两个空,分别考查了主语从句和表语从句,但句式不是很复杂,结合句子所缺成分即连接词充当的成分可知,便可敲定选A。 8.The reign of the next Japanese emperor will be known as “Reiwa” (令和) era, in ________ name
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the character for “harmony” is included. A.which B.what C.whose D.asC 【答案】C 【详解】
考查定语从句。句意:下一个日本皇帝统治时期将被称为“令和时代”,在这个名字里包含着寓意“和谐”的字。先行词为“Reiwa”(令和) era。从句中name前缺少一个形容词,只有选项A和选项C可用做形容词。但是A. which强调“哪一个”,C. whose强调“谁的”。定语从句前没有出现选项范围,故选C。
9.It was only __________he reached school ___________he realized that it was Sunday. A.when; did B.when; that C.that; when D.that; whichB 【答案】B
考查时间状语从句和强调句式。句意:只有当他到达学校的时候,他才意识到那是星期天。这是典型的强调句itwas/is+被强调部分+that+其他。本题中强调的是时间状语从句,由when引导。故答案为B。
10.The infrastructure project has consumed so much money that we can't find any financial support and have to ______. A.pull out B.pull through
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C.catch up D.catch onA 【答案】A 【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. pull out离开、撤离;B. pull through渡过难关;C. catch up赶上;D. catch on变得流行。句意:这个基础设施项目花费了太多的钱,我们找不到资金支持,只好撤出。根据“we can't find any financial support”判断此处表示“撤离、退出”,故A项正确。 11.________ people food, housing and jobs is what a government should first consider after a natural disaster happens. A.Offered B.Offering C.Offer
D.Being offeredB 【答案】B
试题分析: 句意:在自然灾害后,给人们提供食物,住所和工作是政府应该首先考虑到的。从结构判断此处缺少主语,应该用动名词形式,排除A,C选项;offering“提供”,being offered“被提供”, 此处是主动意思,故答案选B。 考点:考查非谓语用法 12.–What did you say? --So you _____________ to me. A.won’t listen B.didn’t listen
C.haven’t listened D.weren’t listeningD
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【答案】D
考查时态。根据上下文可知是指刚才你没有在听我说话。句意:—你说什么?—那么你刚才没有在听我说话!
13.This is the first time that I’ve come to London, so I would like to try something ________British. A.normally B.clearly C.generally D.typicallyD 【答案】D 【详解】
考查副词。这是我第一次来伦敦,所以我想尝试一下典型的英国风味。A.normally正常地;B.clearly清楚地;C.generally一般地;D.typically代表性地、作为特色地。结合语境,可知作者是第一次来英国,所以想尝试下典型地的英国菜。故答案为D。
14.There will be ______________ over their views on trade and finance, but I don't think a trade war is likely. A.recreations B.decorations C.regulations D.frictionsD 【答案】D 【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意:他们在贸易和金融问题上的观点会有摩擦,但我不认为会发生贸易战。A.recreations娱乐;B.decorations装饰;C.regulations条例,规章;D.frictions摩擦。结合后文不会发生贸易战,可知前文指的是在贸易和金融问题上的观点会有摩擦。故答案为D。
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15.In the not-too-distant future, across the wasteland of ______, a lone warrior must fight to save the future of humanity. A.what once was America B.which once was America C.what America once was D.where once was AmericaA 【答案】A 【详解】
考查宾语从句。句意:在不久的将来,穿越曾经是美国的荒原,一个孤独的战士必须为拯救人类的未来而战。介词of 后接宾语从句,此处用what(……的事物)做介词of 的宾语,做宾语从句的主语,从句要用陈述语序。故选A项。 16.He did it it took me. A.one-third a time B.one-third time
C.the one-third time D.one-third the timeD 【答案】D 【详解】
考查数词及冠词。句意:他做这件事用了我用时的三分之一。数词one-third要放在名词前面,而名词time后面有定语从句it took me,故为特指,应在前面加定冠词the。故选D。 17.The project that we are working hard to see _______next month will relieve the traffic pressure. A.to be completed B.completing C.completed
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D.completeC 【答案】C 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:我们正在努力争取下个月完成的项目将缓解交通压力。分析句子可知,本句为含有定语从句的复合句,其中the project为先行词,在定语从句 we are working hard to see _______next month中做see的宾语;根据see sth.done看到某事被做完,project和complete为动宾关系,所以使用过去分词作宾语补足语。选项C符合题意。故选C项。 18.Climate change is an issue ________ has aroused worldwide attention. A.what B.which C.as D.whereB 【答案】B 【详解】
考查定语从句的关系词。句意:气候变化是一个引起世界关注的问题。分析句子成分可知,先行词是an issue,指物,且关系词在定语从句中作主语,因此要用关系代词which。as引导的定语从句,有“正如”之意。故选B项。
19.He must have been out of sense when he did that, he? A.hasn’t B.mustn’t C.didn’t D.wasn’tD 【答案】D
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【详解】
考查反意疑问句。句意:他那样做的时候一定是疯了,是吗?must have done表示对过去的肯定推测,且陈述部分为肯定句,故应用wasn’t he?。结合选项,故选D。
20.The police are investigating the company, three of ________ managers have already been arrested. A.whose B.that C.which D.whereA 【答案】A 【详解】
考查非限定性定语从句。句意:警方正在调查这家公司,其中三位经理已经被逮捕。此处为非限定性定语从句,先行词为company,从句中缺少定语,故A项正确。
21.The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy______ anything that happened to be on. A.to watch B.watching C.watched
D.to have watchedA 【答案】A 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:这个老人每天晚上坐在电视前面,高兴的看着发生的任何事情。这里考查的是be happy to do的用法,这里的不定式是原因状语,所以选A。
22.As the night is falling, a long queue stood at the bus stop, nervously expecting _______ .
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A.to pick up B.picking up C.to be picked up D.being picked upC 【答案】C
试题分析:考查非谓语动词。句意为,当夜幕降临的时候,一长队的人站在车站里,焦急地等待被车接走。Expect 后面接to do sth .此处expect的逻辑主语是a long queue 一长队的人,与pick up 之间是被动关系,用不定式的被动,所以选择C 考点:考查非谓语动词
23.If George had followed his father’s advice, he ________ a lawyer now. A.is B.would be C.has been
D.would have beenB 【答案】B
考查虚拟语气。如果George听从了他父亲的建议,他现在将是一名律师了。虚拟时需将句子时态在原基础上往前推一个,例从句中与过去事实不符,用了过去完成时。而主句中由提示词now,说明与现在事实不符,需变成过去将来时,故选B
24.It was not until dark ________ he found ________ he thought was the correct way to solve the problem. A.when; that B.that; that C.when; what D.that; whatD
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【答案】D
试题分析:考查强调句型和宾语从句。本句第一空考查了强调句型,强调的是时间状语not until dark;第二空考查了宾语从句,what引导起动词find后面的宾语从句,并在句中作主语。句意:直到天黑他才发现了他认为是解决这个问题的正确方法。故A正确。 【名师点睛】
随着高考考点的不断深入变化,强调句型总是以新的面孔出现,或本身发生变化,或与其他句式结构相结合,然而万变不离其宗,总是脱不掉it,be,that/who这一框架结构。结合近几年有关高考题的特点,将其变化形式归纳如下:强调句型的一般疑问句形式。一. 句式特征:Is/ Was it +被强调部分+ that…; 二、 结合特殊疑问词构成特殊疑问句形式。句式特征:特殊疑问词+is/was it that…? 三、 强调句型的反意疑问句形式。句式特征为:It is/was+被强调部分+that…,isn’t / wasn’t it? 四、强调句型的感叹句形式。句式特征为:what/ how … it is (that) +主语+谓语!
【举一反三】(福建省龙岩市2011届高三第一次质量检查)— ______you write so well? —By reading and keeping diaries every day. A. How is it www. B. What is it C. How is it that D. What is it that 〖答案〗C
〖解析〗考查强调句型。问句是强调句的特殊疑问形式,还原为陈述句是:It is by reading and keeping diaries every day that I write so well.其中对方式进行提问用how。 考点:考查强调句型和宾语从句
25.It was the belief _____ Alex Haley could find his root in Africa ____ made him decide to go to Zambia. A./; which B.which; that
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C.that; which D.that; thatD 【答案】D
试题分析:考查复杂句:第一个that引导同位语从句,第二个that是强调句中的,符合这样的结构:It is +被强调部分+that +其它部分 。句意:就是Alex Haley能在非洲找到他的根的想法使他决定去赞比亚。选D。 考点:考查复杂句
点评:两个以上的从句构成的复杂句相对较难,但如果学会分析句子,也可以准确找出答案,平时的训练不可少。
26.——Did you know any French before you arrived in Washington? ——Never ____ it, actually. A.had I learned B.have I learned C.I learned D.was I learningA 【答案】A
试题分析:句意:-在你到达华盛顿之前你懂得一些法语吗?-实际上我一点儿都没有学过。首先排除C项,根据分析,可知道在到达华盛顿之前没学过法语,用过去完成时态,故A正确
考点:考查部分倒装
27.We are said to be living in ____ Information Age, ___ time of new discoveries and great changes. A.the , the B./; the C./; a
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D.the; aD 【答案】D
试题分析:句意:据说我们正生活在信息时代,一个充满新发现和伟大变革的时代。age在这个句子里是时代、世纪的意思,即a particular period of history,一般用单数。第一个空Information Age为专有名词,前面用定冠词the,意思为信息时代,后一空是time为同位语,a time一个. . . .时代,故用不定冠词a 。故选D。 考点:考查冠词的用法。
28.“I like you more than her, my dear.” “You mean more than _____love her or more than she loves _____?” A.you, me B.she, youC.I, me D.I, youA 【答案】A
做对此题的关键是要弄清填空句是个省略句,补充完整为:You mean that you love me more than you love her or that you love me more than she loves me?句意为:“你是说你爱我胜过你爱她,还是说你爱我胜过她爱我?”所以最佳答案应选A。 29.—Are we about to having dinner? —Yes, it ________ in the dining room. A.serve B.is serving C.is being served D.has been servingC 【答案】C
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考查时态和语态。句意:——我们准备去吃饭吗?——是的,饭菜正在餐厅被供应。it是指饭菜,和动作serve之间是被动关系,且动作正在进行,四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态,故选C。
30.He made up his mind to enjoy his guitar and to accumulate as many happy experiences as he could so that when he retired he wound be able to ______his life with satisfaction. A.get away with B.make up for C.look back on D.put up withC 【答案】C
A. get away with 侥幸逃脱B. make up for 弥补C. look back on 回首D. put up with忍受,容忍;句意:他下定决心享受吉他和积累尽可能多的快乐体验,当他退休时能够满意地回顾他的人生。
31.August 8th,2008 is a special day,________________,I think,that will be remembered by the Chinese forever . A.one B.what C.which D.the oneA 【答案】A
考查同位语及定语从句。one作a special day 的同位语,I think为插入语,后面是定语从句,修饰先行词one,句意:2008年8月8号是特殊的一天,我认为它是中国人永远记住的一天。故选A。
32.A best friend is one who can always read your minds when you are at a loss for the ________
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words to complete your thoughts. A.temporary B.absolute C.precise D.reliableC 【答案】C
形容词辨析。Temporary暂时的;absolute完全的;precise精确的;准确的;确切的;reliable可信赖的;可靠的;确实的;句意:最好的朋友就是那个在你茫然的时候总是能理解你的想法并找出最准确的词来表达你的想法。
33.Generally,________ to a university in the USA, foreign students need to prove their strong ability in using English. A.admitting B.admitted C.to be admitted D.being admittedC 【答案】C
考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意:一般地,想要被美国的大学录取,外国学生必须证明他们在英语运用方面有很强的能力。be admitted to“被……录取”。admit和句子主语foreign students之间是动宾关系,且表示目的,因此应用动词不定式的被动式。故选C。 【名师点睛】
不定式短语作目的状语,表示某一动作或状态的目的,其逻辑主语是全句的主语。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时,还可以在前面加 in order to 或 so as to。如: I've written it down in order not to forget. 为了不忘记,我把它记下来了。
如果句子主语和动词不定式之间是动宾关系,就要用动词不定式的被动式to be done。本题句
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意:一般地,想要被美国的大学录取,外国学生必须证明他们在英语运用方面有很强的能力。admit的逻辑主语是全句主语foreign students,两者之间是动宾关系,且表示目的,因此应用动词不定式的被动式。故选C。
34.To report an event responsibly, a journalist must not only make sense of earlier reports, but also ________ his report in the long term. A.allow for B.follow up C.catch on D.switch toB 【答案】B
考查动词短语。句意:为了负责地报道一个事件,记者必须不仅让早期的报道有意义,而且还要长期全面地跟踪事件的发展。A. allow for考虑到;B. follow up跟踪;C. catch on理解,明白;变得流行;D. switch to转向。根据语境可以推断出答案,故选B。
35.With Syria’s conflict entering the 5th year, there is an increasing focus on _____ it will end. A.when B.which C.where D.whatA 【答案】A 【详解】
考查宾语从句。句意:随着叙利亚冲突进入第五个年头,人们逐渐关注它什么时候结束。on后面跟着宾语从句,what在宾语从句中做end的宾语,故选A.
36.We should consider the students’ request _________ the school library _________ more books on popular science.
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A.if; provide B.that; provides C.that: provide D.how; providesC 【答案】C 【详解】
考查同位语从句。句意:我们应该考虑学生请求学校图书馆提供学生更多的关于科普方面的书籍的要求。根据名词request及后面完整的句子可知,该句是同位语从句,从句用来解释说明前面的名词request,所以需用连接词that,request后跟从句需用虚拟语气,(should) do 结构,这里should可以省略。故选C。 【点睛】
同位语从句属于名词性从句,大多由从属连词that引导,常常跟在fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief, request等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容,在逻辑上表现为同位关系。而引导词that在同位语从句中是连词,只起连接作用,无具体词义,但是that不可省略,根据该题的名词request,以及空后的句子可判断该句为同位语从句,所以用that。request后需接虚拟语气,所以这里需用动词原形。
37.________ work and creative activities have been important drivers of human progress is deeply rooted in our social values. A.How B.Whether C.That D.WhyC 【答案】C
考查主语从句。句意:工作和创造性活动是人类进步的重要驱动者,这深深地植根于我们的社
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会价值观中。“________ work and creative activities have been important drivers of human progress”作主语,是主语从句,该从句结构意思完整,故应用that引导该从句。故C选项正确。
38.________, the football game was decided not to put off. A.Heavily as did it rain B.As it rained heavily C.As heavily it rained D.Heavily as it rainedD 【答案】D 【详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意为:尽管雨下得很大,但这次足球赛未被推迟。as表示“尽管”,引导让步状语从句时,使用部分倒装,可将修饰动词的副词提前致句首,从句部分用陈述语序,故选D项。
39.___________ on electricity that people are unable to do almost anything without it. A.Such is dependence B.Such dependence does C.So they are dependent D.So do they dependA 【答案】A
考查部分倒装。句意:这就是对电力的依赖,导致人们在没有电的情况下几乎不能做任何事情。Such---that---,如此---以致于---,引导结果状语从句,当such连同修饰的成分共同位于句首时,主句用部分倒装。故A项正确。 【点睛】
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结果状语从句“so/such ...that(to do sth.) ...”中的so/ such连同它所直接修饰的成分共同位于句首,主句要进行倒装,that后面的结果状语从句不倒装,表示强调。Eg.:such a good boy is he that he is always ready to help = so good a boy is he that he is always ready to help .eg:such a difficult question did I find it is that I can't work it out (把 I find it is such a difficult question that...的谓词find倒装过来)
eg:so difficult did I find it to work out the question (把 I find it so difficult to ...的谓词find倒装过来) 40.An ideal job should be one that ______ what you are good at with what you are interested in. A.combines B.connects C.contacts D.concentratesA 【答案】A
试题分析:考查动词辨析。combine,结合;connect,连接;contact,联系;concentrate,集中(注意力)。句意:一份理想的工作是结合了你擅长做的以及有兴趣做的工作。根据句意选A。
考点:考查动词辨析
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