英语国家概况试题
I．Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully．For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given．Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question．Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet．(50 points, 1 point for each)
I. Multiple Choice Questions. (50 points, 1 point for each) 1. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Britain? A. Great Britain and England are geographical names.
B. The official name of Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
C. Britain has four political divisions on the island of Great Britain. D. British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth in 1931. 2. The successful Roman invasion took place in ______, headed by ______.
A. 43 AD, the Emperor Claudius
B. 43 AD, Julius Caesar
C. 55 BC, Julius Caesar D. 55 BC, the Emperor Claudius
3. During the fifth century when the Roman Empire fell, the Germanic ______ invaded and conquered Britain. A. Angles and Celts B. Angles and Picts C. Angles and Britons
D. Angles and Saxons
4. In the year 597, England began to be Christianized. It was mainly due to the work of ______.
A. St. Augustine B. Constantine
C. Pope Gregory D. Ethelbert, king of Kent
5. ______ is regarded by many Englishmen as the foundation of English liberties.
A. The beginning of British Parliament B. The People’s Charter C. The Petition of Right D. Magna Carta of 1215
6. ______ is known as “the father of the British navy” as he founded a strong fleet which first beat the Danes at sea. A. Ethelred B. Alfred
C. William D. Edward
7. Which of the following is NOT true about “Domesday Book”?
A. It was compiled to discover how much to be called upon to pay by taxes. B. It was so called because it seemed to the English like the Book of Doom used on Judgment Day.
C. It was completed as the result of a general survey of England. D. it is kept in the public library in London.
8. The Lollards were ______ who had played a very important role in the Peasant Uprising of 1381.
A. poor priests and itinerant preachers B. poets and writers C. merchants
D. craftsmen
9. The word Renaissance is from ______, meaning “rebirth”, and was first applied by the ______ historian Jakob Burckhardt in 1860. A. English, Swiss
B. French, Italian
C. French, Swiss D. English, Italian
10. The significance of the Wars of the Roses was all the following EXCEPT that ______.
A. feudalism received its death blow B. the king’s power now became limited
C. the great medieval nobility was much weakened
D. no less than 80 nobles of royal blood were killed in the wars
11. The Religious Reformation in England was led by King ______, and the direct cause was his divorce case with ______. A. Henry VIII, Catherine of Aragon York
C. Henry II, Eleanor of Aquitaine D. Henry I, Matilda
12. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Elizabeth I? A. Elizabeth I broke Mary’s ties with Rome.
B. Elizabeth I restored her father’s independent Church of England. C. Elizabeth I’s religious reform was a compromise of views.
D. Elizabeth I’s religious settlement was acceptable to both extreme Protestants and ardent Catholics.
13. After the Restoration, British Parliament passed a series of severe laws called ______ against the Puritans, now known as Nonconformists.
B. Henry Tudor, Elizabeth of
A. the Act of Succession B. the Petition of Right
C. the Clarendon Code D. the Act of Supremacy
14. The spark of the First World War was struck at Sarajevo on June 28 ______, when the ______ Crown Prince Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by a Serbian nationalist.
A. 1913, German B. 1914,Austrian C. 1913, Bulgarian
D. 1914, English
15. The leader of the House of Lords is ______. A. the Archbishops of Canterbury B. the Monarch C. the Prime Minister
D. the Lord Chancellor
16. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of farming in England in the late 18th and early 19th centuries? A. Use of artificial fertilizer.
B. Introduction of new agricultural machinery. C. The “open-field” system. D. A system of crop rotation.
17. In the United Kingdom, police officers are NOT allowed to join ______ or to go on strike.
A. a trade union B. a political party C. a club D. a society
18. The Church of England is NOT free to change its form of worship, as laid down in ______, without the consent of Parliament. A. the Bill of Rights B. the Provisions of Oxford
C. the Constitutions of Clarendon D. the Book of Common Prayer 19. The British universities are governed by ______ or by ______ and enjoy academic freedom.
A. royal charters, Act of Parliament
B. the People’s Charter, the Reform Act of 1832 C. the Great Charter, the Bill of Rights D. the Petition of Right, the Test Act
20. Rupert Murdoch’s News International, one of the largest publishing corporations, owns the following national papers EXCEPT ______. A. the Times B. the Sun
C. News of the World D. the Daily Telegraph 21.America was named after（ ）. A. Italian navigator Columbus B. navigator Amerigo Vespucci C. some Indian chieftain
D. George Washington, founding father of the United States
22. Now about 80% to 90% of immigration to the United States is from ______.
A. Asian and Hispanic countries B. African countries C. European countries
D. Central and South American countries
23. The Declaration of Independence clearly explained the political theory behind the American Revolution which came from ______. A. the British philosopher John Locke B. the Italian philosopher John Locke
C. the American president George Washington D. the American statesman Thomas Jefferson
24. In 1787, all of the states except Rhode Island were represented to revise the Articles of Confederation at ______.
A. the First Continental Congress B. the Second Continental Congress C. the Constitutional Convention
D. the First US Congress
25. In 1865, ______, which banned slavery, was added to the American Constitution.
A. the Tenth Amendment B. the Thirteenth Amendment C. the Declaration of Independence
D. the Bill of Rights
26. As a result of ______, the territory owned by the United States almost doubled.
A. the Louisiana Purchase B. the peace treaty with Mexico C. the Gadsden Purchase
D. the armed uprising of the Americans in Texas
27. After the World War I, the result of the ______ was the emergence of the ______.
A. Peace Conference, Treaty of Paris
B. Paris Conference, Versailles Treaty System C. Teheran Conference, Versailles Treaty System D. Paris Conference, Munich Agreement
28. ______ was not an idealist, not a dreamer, so he presented to Congress his program known as ______. A. John F. Kennedy, the New Frontier B. Theodore Roosevelt, the New Deal
C. Woodrow Wilson, the program of New Freedom D. Franklin D. Roosevelt, the New Deal
29. The decision of the setting-up of a world organization—the United Nations was made at the ______.
A. Yalta Conference B. Geneva Conference C. Teheran Conference D. Paris Conference
30. The real purpose of the Marshal Plan is to ______.
A. prevent Greece and Turkey from falling into the hands of the Soviet Union
B. support any country which said it was fighting against Communism C. help Western Europe recover from the disrupted industrial production D. prevent Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion 31. Which of the following is NOT true about McCarthyism?
A. It was the reflection of anti-Communism on the American society. B. It refers to the anti-Communist hysteria in the United States. C. The court played a role in approving the lawfulness of anti-Communist activities.
D. It frightened a large number of Americans who felt it would be more dangerous to conform than to disagree with the majority.
32. After the Geneva Conference, the United States replaced ______ and became the main force in providing aid for ______. A. France, the North Vietnam government B. France, the South Vietnam government
C. Britain, the North Vietnam government D. Britain, the South Vietnam government
33. After the Watergate scandal happened in 1972, the President ______ had to resign. He is the first president to do so in the U.S. history. A. Ronald Reagan
B. Harry Truman
C. John F. Kennedy D. Richard Nixon
34. ______ was elected president because in the late 1970s, the American society turned conservative. A. Ronald Reagan
B. Jimmy Carter
C. Richard M. Nixon D. George Bush
35.In Britain, the First Civil War was fought between the Roundheads who were the parliamentary soldiers led by（ ）, and the Cavaliers who were King Charles’s supporters. A. John Lilburne C. Prince Rupert
B. Oliver Cromwell D. William Joyce
36.The objective of the Chartist Movement was democratic rights for all men, and it took its name form“（ ）”.
A. The Bill of Rights C. the People’s Charter
B. The Agreement of the People
D. the Great Charter
37.By（ ）Britain had built up a big empire, “on which the sun never set”. A. 1900 C. 1920
B. 1910
D. 1930
38.In Britain, the Speaker is a member who is acceptable to all shades of opinion in （ ）. A. the Privy Council
B. the House of Lords D. the House of Commons
C. the Supreme Court
39.The British government departments are staffed by members of（ ）, whose duty is to assist in carrying out laws passed by Parliament. A. the Civil Service
B. the Privy Council
C. the House of Lords D. the House of Commons
40.The modern games of tennis originated in（ ）in the late 19th century.
A. Scotland C. England
B. Ireland
D. Wales
41．Which of the following is NOT true about the result of the Black Death? A．Much land was left untended.
B．There was a terrible shortage of labour.
C．The surviving peasants had lost their power of bargaining. D．Landowners tended to change from arable to sheep-farming
42．The English Renaissance was largely literary, and it achieved its finest expression in the so-called ______. A．Romantic poetry B．Romantic fiction C．Elizabethan poetry D．Elizabethan drama
43．The new policies adopted by Mrs．Thatcher and Conservative Government after the 1979 election was known as ______. A．Thatcherism B．the New Deal C．New Frontier D．Keynesianism
44．Who has the power to appoint the Prime Minister in Britain? A．The Queen B．The Parliament C．The House of Lords D．The Church of England
45．Bank holidays in Britain refer to ______. A．official public holidays B．holidays for the banks only
C．public holidays except for the banks D．holidays for the financial institutions only
46．Which statement about the British universities is NOT true? A．They enjoy academic freedom. B．They cannot appoint their own staff. C．They are governed by royal charters.
D．They provide their own courses and award their own degrees.
47．______, the most popular sport in England as well as in Europe, has its traditional home in England where it was developed in the 19th century. A．Basketball B．Tennis C．Football D．Baseball
48．When Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation called ______. A．the Southern States of America B．the Federalist States of America C．the Confederate States of America D．the Anti-confederate States of America
49．In the early 19th century, ______ actively used the Sherman Antitrust Act to stop monopolistic business mergers in the United States. A．J.P．Morgan B．Woodrow Wilson C．Henry Rockefeller D．Theodore Roosevelt
50．The Red Scare in 1919 and 1920 was a typical example of American ______.
A．religious intolerance B．intolerant nationalism C．Progressive Movement D．deregulation of big trusts
II. Answer the Questions. (30 points, 3 points for each)
Directions: Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet. 51．What are the main functions of the British Parliament?
52．What were the two countries Elizabeth I successfully played off against each other for nearly 30 years?
53. What is a constitutional monarchy? When did it begin in Britain? 54. What dose the British Parliament consist of? 55. Why did the American Civil War break out?
56. What happened to the French colony after the Seven Years’ War between Britain and France?
57. What are the main contents of Thatcherism?
58. How did the “Glorious Revolution” break out?What was the significance of it?
59. What are the implications of “Manifest Destiny”? 60. How often does a general election take place in Britain? III. Term Explanation. (20 points, 5 points for each)
Directions: Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet in around 40 words. 61. Open University 62. The Renaissance 63. NHS
64. The Industrial Revolution
KEYS:
1. C 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. C 10.B 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. B 29.A 30. D
31. D 32. B 33.D 34.B 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. A 40.C 41. C 42. D 43. A 44.A 45. A 46.B 47.C 48.C 49. D 50.B 51. ① to pass law ②to provide, by voting for taxtation, the means of carrying on the work of gov③to examine gov policy and administration ④to debate the major issues of day 52. France and Spain
53. the head of State is a King or Queen. The monarchy is the oldest institution of gov, dating back to at least the 9th C.
54. Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Common
55. when Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation(the Confederate States of America). However, Lincoln was determined to maintain the Union, so the war broke out on April 12, 1986.
56. Canada was ceded to Britain by the 1763 Treaty of Paris. French rights were guaranteed by the Quebec Act of 1774.
57. the return to private ownership of state-owned industries. The use of monetarist policies to control inflation, the weakening of trade unions, the strengthening of the role market forces in the economy, and an emphasis.
58. the English politicians appealed to a Prostestant king, William of Orange, James’Dutch nephew and the husband of Mary, James’s daughter to invade and take English throne. in England this takeover was relatively smooth, with no bloodshed, nor any exection of the King known as “Glorious Revolution”.
59. ①the inevitability of the founding of the United States of America②the legitimacy of the expansion of American Territory③the spread of American democracy being the task of American people who were chosen to do the Lord’s work. 60. Every 5 years.
61. It gained its name becaues it is “open”to all to become students. the Open University is a non-residential university based in the new town. 62. Renaissance was the revival of classical literature and aritistic styles in European.
63. the full name of NHS is National Health Service. National insurance and social security. It provides for every resident, regardless of income, a full
64. the Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and 19 th centuries.
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容