虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设,所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种,即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。具体情况请看下表: 条件状语从句 主 句 与过去事实相should /would/could/might + have had + 过去分词 反 + 过去分词 与现在事实相一般过去时(be用would/should/could/might + 动词反 原形 were) 一般过去时或与将来事实相would/should/could/might + 动词should(were to) + 动反 原形 词原形 例句: (1)表示与现在事实相反
If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.
(2)表示与过去事实相反
If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.
(3)表示与将来事实相反
I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow. 1. 虚拟条件句的倒装
在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if,把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。例如:
Had I been(= If I had been ) in that situation, I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.
Should there be (= If there should be) a drought, what should we do at that time ?
2. 错综时间条件句
有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。例如:
If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ,things wouldn’t be going so smoothly. 3. 含蓄条件句
有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语(如:with,otherwise,without,but for,in that position)、上下文或其它方式表现出来。这种句子称为含蓄条件句。例如:
But for the help from you , I would not have had the chance to go to college. 二、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用
在某些词或短语后接的从句中要使用虚拟语气,表示愿望、建议或命令等。根据虚拟语气的形式不同,虚拟语气可以分为“should类”和“过去时态类”。
(一)should类
这一类的虚拟语气是通过从句中的谓语动词使用“should +动词原形”体现出来的,should可以省略。其具体运用体现在:
1. 在suggest , order, demand , propose, command, request, desire,insist等表示建议、命令、要求、意见的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气。
如:He suggests that she should leave the house at once.
The leader ordered that the task(should) be finished as soon as possible. He proposed that we (should)deal with the problem by the view of development.
2. 与suggest,order,demand,propose,command,request,desire,insist等动词相对应的名词suggestion,order,demand,proposal等后的表语从句或同位语从句中要使用虚拟语气。如:The general sent the order that the battle(should)be held on until the complete failure of the enemy.
My proposal is that we(should) set a deadline for handing in the plan. 3. 在It is/was suggested (ordered,demanded,proposed,etc.)结构以及necessary,essential,important,strange,natural等形容词后的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气。如:
It’s requested that we (should)keep the stability of the society for the people’s peaceful life.
It is necessary that the badly wounded man(should) be treated immediately. (二)过去时态类
英语中,还有一些词或短语后接的从句或句子,也要使用虚拟语气,虚拟语气是通过句中的谓语使用过去的某种时态(如:一般过去时、过去完成时等)来体现的。
1. wish,would rather 后的宾语从句。如:
He wished he had never been involved in such affairs. I would rather you could teach me again. 2. as if,as though引导的从句。如:
The little boy knows so many things as if he was a man. He acted as usual as though nothing had happened.
3. 由if only (要是……,那该多好啊!)引导的惊叹句。如: If only I had passed the test! If only it stopped raining!
4. It is(about/high) time 后的定语从句。如: It is time we went out for a walk.
It was high time they had begun to prepare the experiment. 三、虚拟语气的其它用法
在英语中,一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿望、祈祷、祝福或诅咒的句子,也需要使用虚拟语气。如: Would you mind smoking here? May you be lucky!
Long live the people of China! God save me.
虚拟语气练习题
1.He insisted that the problem requiring paying attention to at the meeting. A.being discussed C.be discussed 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查词组和虚拟语气。句意:他主张值得被注意的问题在开会的时候被讨论。本题较为复杂。首先,这句话的主干结构为:He insisted the problem be discussed at the meeting. 不难看出insist引导的宾语从句中要用“should do”,此处should省略了。其次“ requiring paying attention to”作定语修饰problem,因此C正确。
B.discuss D.discussing
2.The boss requested that he _____ there to work. A.was sent C.should send 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
试题分析:考查虚拟语气及被动语态。句意:老板要求派他去那里工作。当request表示“要求”时,引导的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气,即(should)+ 动词原形。结合句意可知此处he是“被派”,用被动语态。故选B项。 考点:考查虚拟语气及被动语态
B.be sent D.would be sent
3.If the president had visited the hospital this morning, it ________ the headline in tomorrow's paper. A.will be 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
试题分析:考查虚拟语气的用法。由had visited可以判断条件状语从句里是对过去的虚拟,而由tomorrow's paper可以看出主句是对将来的虚拟,谓语应该用过去式(用be 时用were不能用was)或were to do;故选B
虚拟条件句中,主、从句的动作若不是同时发生时,须区别对待。
①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。如:If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer now, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会使工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。
B.could be
C.had been
D.was
②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。如: If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了。 考点:考查混合虚拟语气的用法。
点评:本题较难。混合虚拟对于学生来说是难点,学生看到了this morning,误选C,本题的关键在于对于find这个动词的时态判定上。
即学即练:You _______ much better now if you had taken my advice. A.will be B.would be C.had been D.was 解析:B句意:假若你当时听我的话,你现在就会好多了。
4.They suggested that the professor ______ just now ______ chairman of the meeting. A.referring to; was made C.referred to; be made 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
试题分析:第一个空是在考查非谓语动词作后置定语修饰the professor,refer to(关系到,涉及到,谈及)与refer to 之间的关系为被动,所以应为referred to. 第二个空是考查重点动词suggest的用法,其后的宾语从句应为虚拟的用法,即should +vt,其中should可省略,所以应为be made,故答案应为C。 考点:考查非谓语动词及重点动词的用法。
B.referring to; be made D.referred to; was made
5. They didn’t turn up at the meeting yesterday. Otherwise, they _________ the report. A.had listened to C.should listen to 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
试题分析:考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。句意:昨天他们没有出现在会议上,否则,他们就听报告了。这里otherwise相当于一个虚拟条件句:if they had turned up at the meeting,,主句应用:would/could/might+have done 结构,所以选D。 考点:考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
B.would listen to D.would have listened to
6.I can’t thank you _____much, because without your help I _____ have won the first place. A.too; wouldn’t C.that; might not 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
B.very; shouldn’t D.so; couldn’t
考查常用句型和虚拟语气。句意:我再怎么感谢你也不为过,因为要是没有你的帮助,我就不能赢得第一名。not… too much都不过分;without your help这是一个条件,主干是对过去的虚拟,故选A。 【点睛】
虚拟语气是高中阶段的重要语法项目,需要考生牢记各种情况的虚拟语气的谓语动词的形式,并要有分析理解语境的能力。
即学即练:—I didn’t go to the movie last night because of the rain. —What a pity! If I had got the ticket, I ________ it. A. wouldn’t have missed B. wouldn’t miss C. didn’t miss D. hadn’t missed
解析:A。根据上一句last night可知,本句表示与过去事实相反,从句用过去完成时,主句用would have done结构。
7.Nancy was very disappointed to hear the news. I wish I her about that. A.hadn’t told 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
试题分析:考察虚拟语气。动词wish后面的从句使用虚拟语气,如果与现在相反,使用一般过去时;与过去相反,用过去完成时;与将来相反,用过去将来时。句意:听到这个消息,Nancy非常失望。我多么希望我没有告诉她这一点啊!根据句意说明这是与过去的希望相反,过使用过去完成时。故A正确。 考点:考察虚拟语气
点评:动词wish后面的从句要使用虚拟语气。如果与现在事实相反,用过去时;如果与过去事实相反,用过去完成时;如果与将来相反就使用过去将来时。
B.didn’t tell
C.wouldn’t tell
D.can’t tell
8.At the age of 14, Father had to leave school and start working. There would be no one to support the family _______ he not worked. A.did 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:14岁时,父亲不得不离开学校,开始工作。要是他不工作的话,就没有人来养活这个家庭了。此处是if引导的非真实条件句,与过去事实相反,当把if省略时则把助动词had/should情态动词were提到主语前面。故选C。
B.has
C.had
D.was
9.You _______ a higher score if you hadn’t repeated the same mistake. My suggestion is that _______and start all over again.
A.should have achieved; you must stay calm C.must have achieved; you should stay calm 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
B.could have achieved; you stay calm D.will have achieved; you must stay calm
考查虚拟语气。句意:如果你没有重复同样的错误,那么,你本来能得更高的分数。我建议你保持冷静,重新开始。第一句考查对过去的虚拟。条件句用过去完成时态,主句用could/would/might have done 形式。结合句意,第一空应填“could have done”,意为“本可以(能够)做某事”。在第二句中,主语为“the suggestion(建议)”,其后的表语从句中,谓语动词应用(should) do形式的虚拟语气,故第二空填(should) stay calm。综上,B选项切题。
10.________ his parents’ advice, he ________ having made such a silly mistake now. A.He had taken; would not regret B.Had he taken; would not regret C.He had taken; would not have regretted D.Had he had taken; would not have regretted 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查倒装和虚拟语气。句意:如果他听取父母的建议,他就不会现在犯如此愚蠢的错误。If从句与过去相反用过去完成时,省略if后,提前had。主句有提示词now,表示与现在相反,用would+动词原形。故选B。
11.I the answer to her possible, but I was fully occupied then. A.could explain; if it had been C.should have explained; had it been 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:如果可能的话,我本该给她解释这个答案,但当时我很忙。根据题意可知此处表示与过去事实相反,当条件句中省略if时需用倒装结构,把had提前。主句表示“本应该”,用should have done.故选C。 【名师点睛】
当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有 were, should, had 时,if 可省略,而将 were, should, had等词置于句首。如:
Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话,我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话,她会同意我们的。
Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识
B.must have explained; were it D.should have explained; should it be
的话,我们会已经聘用他来这里工作了。 本题就是省略if,had提前的情况。
12.If it had not been for your practical advice, we ________ such great achievements. A.would make C.didn't make 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:如果不是因为你切合实际的建议,我们就不会取得如此伟大的成就了。该句考查对过去的虚拟。条件句用过去完成时,主句用would/could/might/should have done sth. 故B选项正确。
B.wouldn't have made D.hadn't made
13.I’m sorry. ________ for my illness, I would have come and lent you a helping hand. A.Were it not 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。根据主句谓语动词would have come可以判断,此处是对过去发生情况的假设,所以if从句应该用过去完成时。在虚拟语气中if 从句如果有动词had、should、were时则可以省略if,把had、should、were等提前,所以C选项正确。句意:很抱歉,要不是因为我病了,我会前来帮助你的。 【名师点睛】 If引导的非真实条件句
1. 对现在情况的假设:表示说话时不存在或与事实相反的情况。结构:If+主语+did,主语+should/ would /could +do。例句:
If you knew English well, you would be able to talk with foreigners freely. 如果你精通英语,你就能自由地和外国人交谈。(事实是现在你不精通英语)
2. 对过去情况的假设:表示与过去事实相反的情况。结构:If+主语+had done,主语+should/would /could + have done.例句:
If I had not studied hard, I might have failed in the exam. 如果我没有努力学习,我会在考试中失败。(事实是我已经通过考试了)
3. 对将来情况的假设:表示将来实现可能性不大的情况。结构:If+主语+did/were to do /should do,主语+should /would /could do。例句:
If he should change his mind, what would we do? 如果他改变主意,我们该怎么办?(他改变主意这件事还没发现,而且发生的可能性不大)
if的省略:在正式文体中,有时可把虚拟条件句中的连词if省去,这时从句需要采用倒装语序,即:将were, had, should等助动词提到主语前面,主句不做任何变化。例句: Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. 如果明天下雨,我们将待在家里。
B.If it were not
C.Had it not been
D.If has not been
4. 错综时间:所谓错综时间是指主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间。这时,需要根据意思选用表示不同时间的虚拟语气形式。例句:
If I were you, I would have taken his advice. 我要是你,就听他的忠告了。(从句表示现在时间,主句表示过去时间)
14.Jane’s pale face suggested that she ______ ill and her parents suggested that she ______ a medical exam. A.be; should have C.should be; had 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
试题分析:考查suggest的用法:句意:Jane的苍白的脸表明她病了,她的父母建议她去体检。第一个suggest是“表明,显示”的意思,后面的be动词视整句时态而定,为过去式。第二个suggest是“建议”的意思,后面是一个虚拟语气,固定用法为“(should)do sth”,其中should常省略。选B。 考点:考查suggest的用法
B.was; have D.was; had
15._____ the College of Medicine, I would be a doctor with much practical experiences now. A.If I attended 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我上过医学院,我现在就会成为一个有很多实践经验的医生。从句是if引导的条件状语从句表示与过去的事实相反,动词用过去完成时。此句中有had可以将if省略had提前,故选B.
B.Had I attended
C.If I should attend
D.Were I to attend
16.Without your timely help during the accident, I ________ to the interview. A.mustn’t have made it C.couldn’t have made it 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:在意外事故中没有你及时的帮助,我不可能及时赶上面试。根据句中的“Without your timely help”考虑句子是一个含蓄的虚拟条件句,主句需要使用虚拟语气,结合句意判断是对过去情况的虚拟,需要使用would/could/should/might+have done的形式。故选C。
B.can’t make it D.shouldn’t make it
17.—The rain is coming down so hard!
—________ my umbrella this morning, I wouldn’t be trapped here now. A.Did I take C.Were I to take 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意:——雨下得这么大! ——如果今天早上我拿了伞,我就不会被困在这里了。此句是if引导的虚拟语气,从句与过去的事实相反,用过去完成态。句中将if省略,则把助动词had提到主语前面,故答案为B。
B.Had I taken D.Would I take
18.Thank you so much for your kind assistance; otherwise, my son ___________ the project on time.
A.would never have completed C.has never completed 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:非常感谢你的帮助;要不然的话,我儿子永远不会按时完成这个项目。根据句意可知“我儿子按时完成了这个项目”,与过去的事实相反,相当于if非真实条件句的主句部分,故A项正确。
B.had never completed D.will never complete
19.I wish I ______ photography then. If so, I could give you a hand at present. A.studied C.have studied 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:我当时要是学摄影就好了。如果是的话,我现在可以帮你一下。此处考查动词wish后跟宾语从句,用虚拟语气。表示与过去事实相反,从句用过去完成时。故选B. 【点睛】
虚拟语气用在wish后的宾语从句中,(常常省去连词that),表示不可能实现的愿望。 1.表示与现在事实相反的愿望
构成:主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + 动词过去式 (be 一律用were) 例如:I wish I knew everything in the world. 2.表示与过去事实相反的愿望
构成:主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + had + 过去分词,本题就属于这一类。 例如:I wish that you had called yesterday.
B.had studied D.will study
3.表示将来不大可能实现的愿望
构成:主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + would/should/could/might + 原形动词 例如:I wish that he could try again.
20.We should consider the students’ request _________ the school library _________ more books on popular science. A.if; provide C.that: provide 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查同位语从句。句意:我们应该考虑学生请求学校图书馆提供学生更多的关于科普方面的书籍的要求。根据名词request及后面完整的句子可知,该句是同位语从句,从句用来解释说明前面的名词request,所以需用连接词that,request后跟从句需用虚拟语气,(should) do 结构,这里should可以省略。故选C。 【点睛】
同位语从句属于名词性从句,大多由从属连词that引导,常常跟在fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief, request等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容,在逻辑上表现为同位关系。而引导词that在同位语从句中是连词,只起连接作用,无具体词义,但是that不可省略,根据该题的名词request,以及空后的句子可判断该句为同位语从句,所以用that。request后需接虚拟语气,所以这里需用动词原形。
B.that; provides D.how; provides
21.Education helps open the mind and provides possibilities that a person ______ otherwise. A.wouldn’t have C.didn’t have 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:教育帮助开阔视野,也提供一个原本没有的可能性。分析句子可知,that a person ______ otherwise.为限制性定语从句修饰先行词possibilities,而从句中otherwise否则可知,从句为虚拟条件状语从句,相当于a person wouldn’t have possibilities if there was not education,故选A。 【点睛】
含蓄条件状语从句。有些句子,虽没有含条件关系的连词,却也隐含着条件关系,被叫做含蓄条件状语从句,这些句子常用一些词,如but for, without,otherwise等引出一个介词结构来表示条件,条件应该是虚拟的,或与事实相反的假设。
比如but for 若非,要不是You may consider it useless, but for our customers it's an all-important sign of good service. 您也许会认为这样毫无用处,可是对于我们的客户而言,它却是优质服务的重要体现。
B.shall not have D.doesn’t have
without 如果没有...就不...You can't have one without the other, as the song says. 就像歌里唱的那样,两者密不可分,不能只取其一。
Otherwise否则,This is the one blemish on an otherwise resounding success. 如果没有这个小小的失误,这就是一次彻底的胜利。
22.If you had spoken to him last time you saw him, you what to do now. A.knew C.would know 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查错综时间条件句的虚拟语气。句意:如果你上次见他的时候和他交谈的话,你现在就知道该做什么了。从句描述的情况与过去事实相反,而主句描述的情况与现在事实相反,因此要用would/ could/ might/ should do,故C正确。
B.had known D.would have known
23.I would not be seeing the film Green Book now _____ me up in time. A.were Kathy not to pick C.if Kathy hasn’t picked 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:要是Kathy没有及时接我,我现在就不会在看《绿皮书》了。此处是描述的与过去事实相反的假设,从句应谓语动词使用过去完成时;当虚拟条件句中有had(助动词)/should/were时,可以省略if,将had(助动词)/should/were提前,构成倒装结构。故B选项正确。 【点睛】
虚拟条件句往往指不能实现或纯假想的情况,可以对过去、现在或将来进行假想。 虚拟语气的本质就是对根本不可能的情况发生假设。我们可以记住这样一个原则,即把时态向过去推一格。 一、对现在情况的虚拟
条件从句中谓语动词用一般过去式,主句用“would/should/might/could+动词原形”形式,表示对现在不可能实现情况的假想。
If I were you, I would choose to work in a small town.如果我是你,我会选择在小城镇工作。(事实上我不是你)
If I had a map now, we could easily get out of the forest.如果现在有地图,我们能很容易地走出森林。(事实上是现在没有地图)
注意:在条件从句中,如果谓语动词是be的形式,不管主语是单数还是复数,书面语中用were,而口语中如果是单数,也可以用was,不过在if I were...中一般用were。 二、对过去情况的虚拟
B.had Kathy not picked D.if Kathy did not pick
条件从句中谓语动词用过去完成式,主语用“would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词”形式。
If it had not been for your help yesterday, I could not have caught the bus.如果昨天没有你的帮助,我不会赶上公交车。(事实是你昨天已经帮助了我,所以我赶上了车) 三、对将来情况的虚拟
在表示与将来事实相反的条件从句中,谓语动词可用should do, were to do或动词的过去式三种形式表示,但意义略有不同。should表示的可能性最大,动词过去式的可能性次之,were to do 的可能性最小。
If things were to be twice,all would be wise.假如凡事都可以重新做一次,人人皆可成为聪明人。(事实是并不是所有的事都可以重新做一次)
24.You’d rather I ___ her the news, ____? A.told…wouldn’t you C.tell…wouldn’t you 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气的特殊句型。句意:你宁愿我告诉她这个消息,是吗?would rather 后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气:would rather (that) sb. did sth.(宁愿某人做某事),即宾语从句的动词用过去式(与现在相反的假设)或过去完成时(与过去相反的假设,一般句末有过去时间)。本题句末无过去时间,要理解成与现在相反的假设,所以动词用过去式;反意疑问句部分表示反问主句主语,故用wouldn’t you。故选A。
B.told…hadn’t you D.tell…hadn’t you
25.Punishments would be severe, ranging from a few years in prison to the death penalty _______ a person be caught carrying drugs. A.should 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:如果发现有人携带毒品,将会受到严厉的惩罚,从几年的监禁到死刑不等。因为与将来事实相反,所以从句用if +主语 + should + do。此处为省略if的虚拟语气的倒装,从句should a person be caught carrying drugs = if a person should be caught carrying drugs。故选A。 【点睛】
虚拟语气的倒装:当虚拟条件句中含有 were,had,should,could等动词时,可以将if省略,然后将 were,had,should,could 等词移至句首。本题分析为考查虚拟语气后,先判断与将来事实相反,且主句在前,从句在后。从句为省略if的虚拟语气的倒装,从句should a person be caught carrying drugs = if a person should be caught carrying drugs,从而选出正确的答案。
B.would
C.could
D.might
26.______ is of vital importance that we ______ something to protect our precious cultural heritage. A.It, do 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查代词和虚拟语气。句意:我们做一些事情来保护我们宝贵的文化遗产是至关重要的。第一个空是形式主语,代指that we ______ something to protect our precious cultural heritage,形式主语应用it。It is important/of importance that clause句式中,that从句应用虚拟语气,其谓语部分为should do形式,should可以省略。故第二个填do。综上,故选A。
B.What, did
C.That, should do
D.Whether, will do
27.What a pity! The parents could have survived the earthquake, __________ to save their child.
A.had they not come back C.did they not come back 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查省略if的条件句。句意:真遗憾!如果不是回来救孩子,这对父母本可以在地震中幸存下来。分析句子可知,此处为if引导的虚拟条件句,与过去事实相反,从句的谓语动词为had come back,if可以省略,这时从句要用倒装语序,即把had置于句首。从句“if they had not come back”省略if,提前had,句子写成“had they not come back”。故选A项。 【点睛】
if引导的虚拟条件句,当从句的谓语动词含有were,should,had时,if可以省略,这时从句要用倒装语序,即把were,should,had等词置于句首。
B.have they come back D.did they come back
28._______ with the severe situation, the expert suggested the market referred to at once. A.Facing; be shut down C.To Face; being shut down 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词及虚拟语气。句意:面对严峻的形势,专家建议被提及的市场应立即关闭。根据空后介词with可知,第一空是短语:be faced with“面对,面临”,位于句首,省略be动词,使用过去分词做状语;第二空:suggest表“建议”的时候,宾语从句的谓语动词使用should do,should常省略,market与shut down是逻辑动宾关系,应使用被动语态。注意referred to是the market的后置定语,意为“被提及的市场”。故选D。
B.Faced; being shut down D.Faced; be shut down
29.You are always sleeping in class. I'd rather you__________my class. A.are not attending 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:你总是在课堂上睡觉。我宁愿你没来听我的课。would rather后接从句时,从句谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气,表示“现在或将来的愿望”时通常使用一般过去时态,结合语境和选项,只有B项符合,选B。
B.were not attending C.won't attend
D.not attend
30.Were it not for the fact that he ______ his work, he ______ enjoying himself by the seaside. A.completed; wouldn’t have been C.has completed; wouldn’t be 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:要不是因为他已经完成了工作的事实,他不会到海边放松自己。fact后是同位语从句,表示动作已经完成用现在完成时。表示与现在事实相反,主句用would+动词原形,故选C.
B.had completed; wouldn’t have been D.completes; wouldn’t be
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