英美概况模拟试题

单项选择

Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: (20 points)

1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first amendments to the Constitution. a. ten B. eleven c. twelve d. thirteen

2. The President of the United States is head of the branch. a. legislative b. executive c. judicial d. party

3. The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by during the Civil War. a. George Washington b. Abraham Lincoln c. Thomas Jefferson d. Franklin Roosevelt

4. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of . a. cultural revival b. loss of purpose

c. development in science and technology

d. material success and spiritual frustration

5. It was who first called Native Americans “Indians”.

a. Lincoln b. Columbus c. Washington d. Jefferson

6. The United States did not join the Second World War directly until a. Great Depression b. Pearl Harbor incident

c. the Japanese attack on China d. the German attack on Poland

7. When we speak of “father of waters” or “old man river”, we are referring to .

a. the Colorado River b . the Ohio River

c. the Missouri River d. the Mississippi River

8. Celts were different groups of ancient people who came originally from . a. France b. Denmark c. Ireland d. Germany

9. The Declaration of Independence was adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, .

a. First/1774 b. First /1776 c. Second/1774 d. Second/1776 10. The British recorded history begins with .

a. the arrival and settlement of Celts b. the Norman Conquest c. Roman invasion d. Viking and Danish invasions 11. The predecessor of the English parliament is . a. the Great council b. the Witan

c. the House of Plantagenet d. Magna Carta 12. Civil Rights Movement happened in .

a. the 1960s b. the 1950s c. the 1940s d. the 1930s

13. The , the backbone of the North American continent, is also known as the Continental Divide.

a. Appalachians b. Rockies

c. Blue Ridge Mountains d. Great Smokies

14. To help the British East India Company out of difficulty, the British government allowed the

company to sell at a lower price in the colonies through its own people. a. coffee b. spice c. silk d. tea

15. About half of the Britain’s trade is with .

a. the United States b. South-east Asia c. the EC d. the Latin America

16. The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament. a. 651 b. 1,200 c. 1,198 d. 763 17. Most Americans lived in .

a. city areas b. countryside c. mountain areas d. river valleys 18. The British Parliament has a maximum duration of years. a. four b. six c. eight d. five

19. Of the five Great Lakes on the border between Canada and the United States, is the only one entirely in the U. S.

a. Lake Huron b. Lake Ontario c. Lake Michigan d. Lake Erie

20. The Chartist Movement was officially launched at a great meeting in Birmingham in , with the

aim of pressing the Parliament to accept the People ’s Charter.

a. 1836 b. 1838 c. 1840 d. 1842 二．是非题

Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False: ( 20 points)

( )1. The Articles of Confederation is the oldest written constitution in the world. ( ) 2. America is a name given by Columbus.

( ) 3. The United Kingdom is a federal, not a unitary state.

( ) 4. The Anglo-Saxon Conquest was important in English history because it laid the foundation

on which the English nation was to be formed.

( ) 5. To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland. ( ) 6. The checks and balance system in America was based on division of power. ( ) 7. London, the capital of the UK, is situated on the Severn River near its mouth. ( ) 8. The Great Charter was signed in 1215 by King John.

( ) 9. James I was the king who was executed during the English Bourgeois Revolution. ( ) 10. The Chartist Movement finally succeeded and it constituted a glorious page in the history of

the workers’ struggle for liberation.

( ) 11. Grammar schools emphasize academic studies and teach a wide range of subjects.

( )12. Members of Parliament (MPs) are those who inherit the noble titles.

( ) 13. British people chose Franklin Roosevelt as Prime Minister in 1940 when the W.W. II broke out.

( ) 14. Henry VII was responsible for the founding the Church of England.

( ) 15. The destruction of the Spanish Armada not only established the position of England as a

major sea power but also paved the way for its foreign expansion.

( ) 16. It was the Angles who gave their name to England and the English people.

( ) 17. The first successful English colony in North America was planted in Virginia in 1620.

( ) 18. The Wars of the Roses affected the ordinary people very much.

( ) 19. The Queen formally appoints all government office holders except the Prime Minister.

( ) 20. The Hundred Year’s War refers to the intermittent war between France and England that

lasted from 1337 to 1453. 三

Explain the following terms in English: (20 points) 1. The Great Depression 2. Industrial Revolution 3. Melting Pot 4. Black Death 5. American Constitution 四． 简答题

Give an one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. (10 points) 1. When was the Second War with England in American history? 2. What are the two major political parties in Britain? 3. What is the general climate in Britain?

4. Which American president was involved in Watergate Affair? 5. What is the most important river in Britain? 五．论述题

Write between 100-150 words on the following topic: (10 points) Norman Conquest and its influence? Key to Model 1 英美概况模拟试题（一） 一．

1~5 abbdb 6~10 bdddc 11~15 aabdc 16~20aadcb 二． 1~5 FFFTF 6~10 TFTFF 11~15 TFFFT 16~20TFFFT 三．

1．On October 24, 1929, the American stock market crashed. Billions of dollars of paper profits were wiped out within a few hours. This led to a long economic depression.

2. The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequences in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Britain was the first country to industrialize. The Industrial Revolution in Britain first began in the textile industry.

3. Since the United States is a nation of many ethnic groups, it is also known as a “melting pot,” meaning immigrants from different nations all over the world have mixed to make up the American nation.

4. Black Death was the modern name given to the deadly bubonic plague, an epidemic

disease spread by rat fleas. It spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England in the summer of 1348 without warning. It killed many people. As a result of the plague, much land was left untended and there was a terrible shortage of labor.

5. The Constitution of the United States is the basic instrument of American government and the supreme law of the land. It is the oldest written constitution in the world. It was drawn up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789. It founded federalism and introduced checks and balances into government for the first time in history. 四． 1. The Second War between America and England was during 1812~1814.

2. The two major political parties in Britain are Conservative Party and Labor Party. 3. Britain enjoys maritime climate.

4. Richard Nixon was involved in Watergate Scandal. 5. The most important river in Britain is Thames River. 五．

In 1066 the army of William, Duke of Normandy, defeated King Harold’s troops. He was crowned King of England. He then built a string of defense castle ensure his military control of the whole country. This is the Norman Conquest in British history. After the Norman Conquest, William the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely

established, England. Relations with the Continent were opened. The civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners, and architecture ere introduced.

英美概况模拟试题（二）

www.zhuangsir.com 2003-7-20 庄舍茶馆

一． 单项选择题

Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: ( 20 points ) 1. Franklin Roosevelt’s program for the depression was called . a. Progressivism b. laissez faire c. New Freedom d. New Deal

2. The United States did not join the Second World War directly until in December, 1941. a. Great Depression b. Pearl Harbor incident

c. the Japanese attack on China d. the German attack on Poland

3. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as .

a. Lord Protector b. Lieutenant General

c. Commander of the New Model Army d. President 4. Ireland is in the of Great Britain. a. east b. south c. west d. north 5. WASPs referred to .

a. the mainstream Americans b. Hispanics c. Asian-Americans d. Blacks

6. Lincoln's Emancipation proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution formally ended .

a. the immigration movement b. the Civil War c. the slave system d. the industrialization

7. About a hundred years ago, as a result of imperialist expansion, Britain ruled one fourth of the world people and of the world’s land area.

a. one third b. one fifth c. one fourth d. tow fifths 8. The Celt’s religion was .

a. Teutonic religion b. Christianity c. Druidism d. Buddhism

9. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of , keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.

a. the Archbishop of Canterbury b. the barons c. the church d. the king

10. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in the . a. the House of Lords b. the House of Commons c. the Privy Council d. the Shadow Cabinet 11. The English Renaissance was largely .

a. religious b. ideological c. philosophical d. literary

12. In the Industrial Revolution, changes occurred earliest and quickest in . a. hardware b. textile c. pottery d. chemicals

13. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in . a. 200B. C. b. 55 B. C. c. 55 A. D. d. 410 A. D. 14. The Hundred Years’ War started in . a. 1733 b. 1453 c. 1337 d. 1357

15. Civil Rights Movement happened in .

a. the 1960s b. the 1950s c. the 1940s d. the 1930s

16. The open declaration of the containment policy was made by on March 12, 1949 in a speech to the joint session of Congress.

a. President Roosevelt b. President Kennedy c. General Marshall d. President Truman 17. The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament. a. 651 b. 1,200 c. 1,198 d. 763

18. About half of the Britain’s trade is with . a. the United States b. South-east Asia c. the EC d. the Latin America 19. The British recorded history begins with .

a. the arrival and settlement of Celts b. the Norman Conquest c. Roman invasion d. Viking and Danish invasions

20. At the beginning of the First World War, the United States pursued a policy of . a. containment b. neutrality c. pro-Germany partiality d. pro-Ally partiality 二．是非题

Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False: ( 20 points ) ( ) 1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first twelve amendments to the Constitution.

( ) 2. The stock market crash in 1929 was the beginning of a long economic depression in the U. S. ( ) 3. George Washington was the first president of the United States. ( ) 4. The system of the parliamentary government of the U.K. is based on a written constitution. ( ) 5. Benjamin Franklin alone drafted the Declaration of Independence, and on July 4, 1776, the Congress adopted the declaration.

( ) 6. Britain was the first country to start the Industrial Revolution which contributed

to the

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外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期 英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页 ） 外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期 英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页 ）

III. Read the following sentences carefully and then decide whether they are true or false: （每题2分，共20分）

( ) 1. Half of the U.S. population lives in the western metropolitan centers.

( ) 2. America was names after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent after Columbus. ( ) 3. Many American people approved of the Vietnam War. ( ) 4.On March 19, 2003, American and United Nation’s troops, supported by several other countries, began an invasion of Iraq.

( ) 5. Bill of Rights was written into the Constitution in 1787. ( ) 6. Like Britain, the United States has a two-party system. ( ) 7. America is the world’s largest industrial nation.

( ) 8. Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in November.

( ) 9. Canada is the second largest country in the world in terms of territory. ( ) 10. Canada was the first country in the world to allow same-sex marriage. IV. Give the brief answer to the following questions: （每题2分，共10分）

1. What is the full name of America? 2. Who is the American President now? 3. What are the two main parties in America? 4. Who is the Prime Minister of Australia now? 5. What animal and bird is Australia famous for?

V. Fill in the following blanks: （每题2分，共20 分) Benjamin Franklin

Rip Van Winkle Nathaniel Hawthorne

Moby Dick Mark Twain

The Portrait of a Lady Theodore Dreiser

The Old Man and the Sea Saul Bellow Death of a Salesman

VI. State your understanding of the following question and topic in about 100 words（共10 分)

What was the cause of the American Civil War?

外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期 答题纸 英美概况 题号 I II III IV V VI

外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期 英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页 ） 外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期 英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页 ）

I. Multiple Choice: （每题1分，共20分） 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10

11． 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. II. Translate the special terms into Chinese: （每题2分，共20分） 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7 8. 9. 10 III. Read the following sentences carefully and then decide whether they are true or false: （每题2分，共20分）

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10 IV. Give the brief answer to the following questions: （每题2分，共10分） 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

V．Fill in the blanks: （每题2分，共20 分)

Benjamin Franklin

Rip Van Winkle Nathaniel Hawthorne

Moby Dick Mark Twain

The Portrait of a Lady Theodore Dreiser

The Old Man and the Sea Saul Bellow Death of a Salesman

VI. State your understanding of the following question:（共10 分)

外语系2006级专科2008-2009学年第一学期 答案 英美概况 题号 I II III IV

V VI

I. Multiple Choice:（每题1分，共20分）

1. a 2. b 3. b 4. c 5. d 6. d 7. b 8. c 9. c 10 a

11. b 12. a 13. c 14. c 15. b 16. b 17. a 18. b 19. c 20. d

外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期 英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页 ） 外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期 英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页 ）

II. Translate the special terms into Chinese: （每题2分，共20分）（

1. 不列颠群岛 2. 苏格兰方格呢短裙 3. 圣保罗大教堂 4. 英王詹姆士钦定版《圣经》

5．威斯敏斯特教堂 6. 司法制度 7. 沙漠风暴行动 8.枢密院 9. 国会议 10 内政大臣 III.Read the following sentences carefully and then decide whether they are true or false: （每题2分，共20分）

1. F 2. T 3 . F 4. T 5. F 6. T 7 T 8. F 9. F 10 T IV. Give the brief answer to the following questions: （每题2分，共10分）

1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2. She promoted further industrial revolution, the building of railways and the growing of trade and commerce.

3. The Central Powers and the Allied Powers. 4. Gordon Brown. 5.The Conservative Party and the Labour Party. V．Fill in the blanks: （每题2分，共20 分) Thomas Moore Utopia

Daniel Defoe Robinson Crusoe Charles Dickens A Tale of Two Cities Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice Emily Bronte Wuthering Heights Thomas Hardy The Return of the Native D. H. Lawrence Sons and Lovers Oscar Wilde

The Picture of Dorian Gray

T.S. Eliot The Waste Land Virginia Woolf To The Lighthouse VI． Answer the question: （每题10分，共10分）

The Industrial Revolution changed Britain in many ways. First, industrial productivity increased dramatically. Britain became the most advanced industrial country and also the financial center in the world. Second, urbanization took place. Many new cities sprang up . Third, it caused great changes in the class structure. The old social classes declined, and new ones emerged and developed.

外语系2006级专科2008-2009学年第一学期 答案 英美概况 题号 I

II III IV V

I. （20分）

The United States “is not merely a nation but a nation of nations”. The immigrants came in waves, including the Europeans, the Africans and the Asians. Therefore, America was described as “a melting pot” where various

racial and ethnic groups were combined into one culture. Recently, American have been called a “salad” in that people of different races and ethnic groups mix harmoniously but at the same time keep their distinct culture and custom.

外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期 英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页 ） 外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期 英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页 ） II. (20分)

The issue of slavery was the focus of American politics, economics and cultural life by the mid-19th

century. The Southern planters needed a large number of laborers to manage their plantations and they regarded the black slaves as their property. In the North, with the development of industry, there was a growing demand for free labor. What’s more, the Northerners demanded a law protecting tariffs and asked the government to finance the building of railways and roads, but the Southerners were strongly against it and advocated free trade so that they could purchase cheaper goods from foreign countries. The accumulating conflicts led to the division of the North and the South and finally the Civil War. III. (共20分) Benjamin Franklin Poor Richard’s Almanac Washington Irving Rip Van Winkle Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Letter Herman Melville Moby Dick

Mark Twain The Adventure of Tom Sawyer Henry James The Portrait of a Lady Theodore Dreiser Sister Carrie

Earnest Hemingway The Old Man and the Sea Saul Bellow Dangling Man Arthur Miller Death of a Salesman IV. （20分）

There are two main reasons that attract immigrants to Australia. One is the

Australian immigration policy and tradition. Australia has a great international reputation for its diversity and tolerance. It accepts and respects the right of all people to express and share the individual cultural heritage. It emphasizes the equality of all people in the labor market and social life. The other is Australia’s good natural and living environment. V． （20 分）

The Treaty of Waitangi was signed in 1840 by representatives of British Crown and

chiefs of the indigenous Maori people, making New Zealand a British colony. According to the treaty, the Chief of the Maori people gave the Queen of Britain guaranteed to protect all the Maori people and give them the same rights and duties of citizenship as British subjects. The Treaty of Waitangi is also known as New Zealand’s founding document, and it marked the beginning of Modern New Zealand. 外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期 答案 英美概况 题号 I II III IV V VI

I. Multiple Choice: （每题1分，共20分）

1. c 2. a 3. c 4. a 5. b 6. d 7. d 8. a 9. b 10. b

11． b 12. d 13. c 14. c 15. d 16. b 17. b 18. c 19. a 20. c II. Translate the special terms into Chinese: （每题2分，共20分）

1.阿巴拉契亚山脉 2. 夏威夷坚果 3. 长崎 4. 弹劾 5. 五 角大楼

6. 中央情报局 7. 初选 8. 美国有线新闻网 9. 点数制度 10. 残奥会

III. Read the following sentences carefully and then decide whether they are true or false: （每题2分，共20分）

外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期 英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页 ） 外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期 英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页 ）

1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. F 6. T 7. T 8. F 9. T 10 F IV. Give the brief answer to the following questions: （每题2分，共10分）

1. The United States of America. 2. Barak Obama 3. The Democratic Party and the Republic Party.

4. Kevin Rudd 5. Kangarro and kiwi bird. V．Fill in the blanks: （每题2分，共20 分) Benjamin Franklin Poor Richard’s Almanac Washington Irving Rip Van Winkle Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Letter Herman Melville Moby Dick

Mark Twain The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Henry James The Portrait of a Lady Theodore Dreiser Sister Carrie

Earnest Hemingway The Old Man and the Sea Saul Bellow Dangling Man Arthur Miller Death of a Salesman

VI. State your understanding of the following question:（共10 分)

The issue of slavery was the focus of American politics, economics and cultural

life by the mid-19th century. The Southern planters needed a large number of laborers to manage their plantations and they regarded the black slaves as their property. In the North, with the development of industry, there was a growing demand for free labor. What’s more, the Northerners demanded a law protecting tariffs and asked the government to finance the building of railways and roads, but the Southerners were strongly against it and advocated free trade so that they could purchase cheaper goods from foreign countries. The accumulating conflicts led to the division of the North and the South and finall