1 .The Great Depression 2 Industrial Revolution 3 Melting Pot 4. Black Death
5. American Constitution
1.On October
24，1929，the American were wiped out within
stock market a few hours.
crashed.
Billions
of dollars
of paper profits depression.
This led to a long economic
2. The Industrial onsequences
Revolution refers to the mechanization
in Britain
of industry and the c
in social and economic
Britain
organization in the late 18th and e
The Industrial
R
arly 19th centuries. evolution
in Britain
was the first country to industrialize.
first began in the textile
States
is a nation immigrants
industry.
groups，it is also knownations
all over the wo
3. Since the United of many ethnic from different nation.
n as a “melting pot，” meaning rld have mixed
to make up the American
4. Black Death was the modern n epidemic tury. many
disease
spread
name given to the deadly
through
bubonic plague，a
by rat fleas. It spread
in the summer
Europe in the 14th cen
warning.
It killed and there
It swept people.
through England of 1348 without
As a result shortage
of the plague，much land was left untended
was a terrible of labor. of the United
States
is the basic instrument
of American constitutionIt founded
5. The Constitution government
and the supreme It was drawn
law of the land. It is the oldest written up in 1787 and went
and balances
into effect
in 1789.
in the world. federalism in history.
and introduced checks into government for the first time
。1929年10月24日,美国股市崩盘。数十亿美元的账面利润是在几个小时内消失。这导致了长期的经济萧条。2。工业革命指的是机械化工业和社会和经济组织的后果在命在英国首先开始于纺织工业。3。因为美国是一个多民族的国家
,它也被称为“大熔炉”,意味着移民来自世界各地不同国家混合组成美国国家。
,病由鼠蚤传播流行。在
14世纪传遍欧洲。它席卷英格兰在1348年的夏天没有警告。
18世纪末和19世纪初的英国。英国是第一个工业化的国家。
工业革
4。黑死病是现代的名字给了致命的黑死病它造成许多人死亡。由于瘟疫
,大片土地无人照管和劳动力极度匮乏。
1787年制定,并于1789年生效。它
5。美国的宪法是美国政府的基本仪器和最高法律。它是世界上最古老的成文宪法。建立联邦制和引进制衡政府历史上第一次。
the Black Death
bubonic
plague
who spread
through
Europe
in the 14th century.
no victims.
It s
England
without
warning
and any cure, and sparing
It killed b
It was the deadly wept through
etween half and one-third
was short.
of the population of England. Thus, much land was left unten
ded and labour
这是致命的黑死病在
It caused far-reaching economic consequences.
14世纪传遍欧洲。它席卷英格兰没有警告,任何治疗,和毫不吝惜的受害者。它杀死了一半到三分之一的
人口。因此,大片土地无人照管和劳动力短缺。它造成了深远的经济后果。
Bloody Henry VIII
Mary ’daughter s many
and a devout
Catholic.
When she became
Queen,
she persecuted
Protestants.
So she was given the nickname who lost the French
“Bloody Mary”. Mary is al
and burnt
so remembered as the monarch port of Calais.
“血腥玛丽”的绰号。玛丽也记得君
亨利八世的女儿和一位虔诚的天主教徒。当她成为皇后主失去法国加来港。
,迫害和烧毁许多新教徒。所以她被
. the erior,
Great Lakes
lakes in the United lake in the world, except
States.
They are Lake Sup
——the only onThey are all located
fresh water
Lake Michigan
The Great Lakes are the most important
which is the largest
Canada
e entirely between
in the U.S. ——Lake Huron,
and the United
States
Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.
Lake Michigan.
五大湖在美国最重要的湖泊。苏必略湖,是世界上最大的淡水湖,密歇根湖,唯一一个完全在美国,休伦湖,伊利湖和安大略湖。
他们都位于加拿大和美国之间除了密西根湖。
What is meant by the term state is a system
“welfare state” in Britain?
by which the state provides
of health insurance
Service
the econ
pensi
annational
services, contributions (NHS),
——The welfare of government
through mainly is funded
omic and social security ons and other facilities. d taxation. insurance
“福利国家”
of its citizens The system
its organization out of national to National
In Britain the term applies Health
and social security.
——政府的福利国家是一个系统的国家提供经济和社会保障的公民通过其组织卫生服务、养老金和其他设施。该系统是由全国保险税和赋税。术语主要适用于在英国国民健康服务
(NHS),国民保险和社会保障。
What are some of the characteristics
in the United
of American States
consists
education? of elementary,
secondary
and hig
——(1) Formal her education.
education
(2) Public educations (3) Diversity (4)Education
is free and compulsory.
to be an outstanding of the states,
characteristic
of American
education.
not the federal
government.
is considered is a function
?
美国教育的特点是什么
——(1)在美国正规的教育由初等、中等和高等教育。(2)公共教育是免费和义务的。
(3)多样性被认为是美国教育的一个突出特点。
(4)教育是美国的函数,而不是联邦政府。
What What What What
role does the community
it perform? in American principle college
higher
college higher
play? education?
is one of the most important
innovations
i
functions does
is it important is the guiding
of such education
a college?
more accessible
professional students vocational
and in meeting requiring
the needs o
as wel
——The community n the history f educated It performs e already l as community
adults,
as an institution
of American
employees of local business,
First, it prepares Second,
certification
organizations.
for transferring training Third,
to a BA prog
who arinstruc
recrand adultor academiinto a loand the phi
institution. or expect
it provides
for people
five main functions. working
ram at a four-year tion to higher eational, wer-status The guiding losophy nition
to be working in the future.
or secondary program
it gives remedial academically Fourth, vocational
school students
activities
who are underprepared for college
school. regular
s who did not learn basic skills in elementary
cultural
for adults
c skill. Fifth, it absorbs
vocational principle
students
in a four-year
college
it offers
who are not seeking
who are not qualified
for everyone
program. of community
is higher
education
must mean equal opportunity
for self-realization
and for the recog
that equality of individual
?
differences.
社区学院发挥什么作用它执行什么功能?
美国高等教育是什么重要的消息吗一个大学的指导原则是什么
?
?
——社区学院作为一个机构是历史上最重要的创新之一务的员工,专业要求认证以及社区组织。它执行五个主要功能。首先
,美国的高等教育更容易满足患者的需求,受过教育的成年人,本地业
,它准备学生转移到英航计划四年的机构。其次,它为那些已经工作或提供职业培训期望在未来工
第四,它提供了休闲、
作。第三,它给补救教学高等学校学生准备不充分的大学学业和成年人没有在小学或中学学习基本技能。文化活动对于成年人不寻求定期职业或学术技能。第五
,它可以吸收学生四年计划不合格看低职业计划。
社区学院的指导原则对每个人来说都是高等教育和哲学必须为自我实现意味着平等机会平等,承认个体差异。
I. Multiple 1. The
Choices: highest
Choose one right answer from the four choices:
mountain in Britain is ____.
B. Ben Nevis （本尼维斯）
the Forth
A. Scafell C. the Cotswolds D. 2. The longest
river
in Britain
is _____.
A. the Clyde C. the Severn（塞汶河） D. 3. The largest
lake in Britain
is _____.
B. the Mersey
the Thames
A. the Lough Neage 内伊湖C. Coniston
Water D.
is always
fighting?
B. Windermere Water
the Lake District
4. Which part of Britain
A. England C. Wales D. 5. The immigrants
coming
to Britain
are mainly B. the United D. the West were _____.
B. Scotland
Northem
from _____. States Indies,
Indies
and PakistanIreland
A. Europe C. Africa 6. The first inhabitants
in Britain
A. the Normans B. C. the Iberians 7. British
伊比利来 D.
the Celts
the Anglo-Saxons
Recorded
invasion
history began with _____.
the Norman
Conquest
invasion
A. Roman B.
invasion D. became
the overlord
C. the Viking and Danish 8. In 829, _____
actually
the Anglo-Saxons
of all the English.
James I
(829～839)
A. John B. C. Egbert 9. Christmas
埃格伯特中世纪英格兰西撒克逊国王，英格兰首任国王
D. Henry I
Abbey.
Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster B. 1066 D. 1060
A. 1056 C. 1006
10. Henry II was the first king of the _____
dynasty.
A. Windsor C. Malcolm D. 11. In 1265 ____ summoned rliament.
A. Henry III C. Barons 12. The Hundred
Years’ war stated
the Great Council,
B. Tudor Plantagenet
which has been seen as the earliest
pa
B. the Pope
D. Simon de Montfort
in ____ and wa ended in ____, in which the English
the French port of ____.
1337, D. 1346,
1453, Calais 1453,
Brest
by king __
had lost all the territories A. 1337, C. 1346,
1453, 1453,
of France except
Flanders B. Argencourt
13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ ___.
A. 30, Richard C. 30, Richard
III, Henry
years and king _____ was replaced
Tudor B. 50, Richard 50, Richard
III, Henry Tudor
Tudor
I, Henry Tudor D.
began
I, Henry
14. The Renaissance A. England, C. Italy,
in ____ in the early ____ century.
B. England, D. Italy,
15 15
14
14
Civil War is also called _____. Revolution B. Revolution D.
of Puritans
15. The English A. the Glorious C. the Catholic 16. In _____, irst settlers A. 1620, C. 1720,
the Bloody the Puritan
Revolution Revolution
to be the f
a small group sailed from _____ in the Mayflower
in the New Land.
London B. London D.
there appeared
1620, 1720,
Plymouth Plymouth
which owed a great deal to t
17. In the 18th century, he invention
of machines.
____ in England,
A. the Industrial Revolution B. the Bourgeois
the Religious
of _____
Revolution Reformation in 1583.
C. the Wars of the Roses D. 18. English
colonial
expansion
began with the colonization
A. Canada B. C. India D. 19. _____ can:
A. Edward VIII B. C. George VI 20. In January
_____
Britain
became
a member
was famous
for his abdication
because
Australia Newfoundland of his marriage
with a divorced
Ameri
Edward D. George
VII VII
Economic
Community.
of the European
A. 1957 C. 1973 21. soon after _____,
Britain
B. 1967 D. 1979
hegemony
but also suffered
not only gave up its econmic
leadership.
a deep loss of its position of industrial
A. 1900
C. the Second World War D. 22. In the 1970s among ate and the highest A. inflation, C. growth,
the developed rate.
countries,
B. the First World War 1960 Britain
maintained
the lowest
_____
r
_____
growth divorce D.
are all reasons
of British
decline
B. growth,
growth,
inflation birth
except
_____.
23. The following A. the exhaustion C. little 24. Britain
money
of coal industry
of old mines B. costly extraction
the labour
shortage
being invested D.
trade is mainly
with _____.
’foreign s
A. developing countries B.
countries
other Commonwealth D. EC
countries
C. other developed
25. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.
B. the Queen
D. the Prime Minister
members
of Parl
A. the Lord Chancellor C. the Archbishop 26. A General iaments
of Canterbury is held every
_____
Election years and there are _____
are elected.
five, 650 four,
651
sits in _____.
A. five, 600 B. C. five, 651 D. 27. The Prime Minister A. B. the C. D. 28. The ultimate
is appointed
by _____
and he or she always the House of Commons the House of Lords
the Archbishop
Archbishop the Queen, the Queen, authority
of Canterbury, of Canterbury,
the House of Commons the House of Lords for law-making
resides
in _____.
the Cabinet
the House of Commons
A. the Queen B. C. the House of Lords D. 29. The sources A.
of British statutes,
law include
_____.
common common common
law, equity law and European
law
Community
Community law
B. statutes, C. D. 30. In criminal uilt or innocence. A.
the judge, statutes,
law and equity
law and European law
a complete code and statutes
_____
passes sentenced
and _____
decide
the issue of g
trials by jury,
the jury B. the judge, the judge
C. the jury, the jury
offences
D. the Lord Chancellor,
and robbery.
the jury
31. ____ tries the most serious A. MagistratesC. district
courts’
such as murder
B. Youth courts D. The Crown Court the control
of _____.
Secretaries
courts
Police Force is under
32. London’s Metropolitan A. the England C. Northern
secretaries
Secretaries D. Service
was established
B. the Scottish
Ireland the Home Secretary in the UK in _____
and based at first
33. The National on _____. A. 1948, C. 1948,
Health
Acts of Parliament B. the Bill of Rights
social security
benefits
1958, D. 1958, include
Acts of Parliament the Bill of Rights
except
_____.
34. The non-contributory the following
A. war pension C. family
credit
may not be a Roman of all churchs
B. child benefit D. unemployment
Catholic,
public
benefit
di
35. Except that _____ stinction
to members
offices are open without
or of none.
the Prime Minister the ministers school
of all departments
in the UK attend
_____.
A. the lord Chancellor B. C. the Speaker D. 36. About
90 per cent of the state
secondary
population
A. independent C. independent
schools schools
including
B. junior D. primary
schools schools
37. There are some ____ universities, the Open University.
B. 290 D. 50
A. 900 C. 90
38. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____
by law.
A. receive completely
free education
B. receive parly free education C. receive no free education if their families
are rich
D. receive no free education
at all 39. With regard
to its size, the USA is the _____
country
in the world. A. largest B. second largest C. third largest D. fourth
largest 40. In the following
rivers,
_____
has been called the American
Ruhr.
A. the Mississippi B. the Missouri
C. the Hudson D. the Ohio 41. Among the following
rivers,
_____
forms
a natural
boundary
between
Mexico
he U.S.
A. the Potomac B. the Columbia C. the Rio Grande River D. the Colorado
42. All the following
universities
and colleges
are located
in New England,
except
A. Yale B. Harvard C. Oxford D. Massachusetts
Institute
of Technology
43. The nation
’capital s
city Washington D.C. and New York are located
in _____.
A. the American West B.
the Great Plains C. the Midwest D. the Middle Atlantic
States
44. The Midwest
in America
’s most important
_____
area. A. agricultural B. industrial C. manufacturing D.
mining
in dustry
and t
_____.
45. In the case of Brown __.
A.
versus Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that ___
separate educational
facilities facilities educational
facilities had been illegal
but equal
B. educational C. D. 46. The Chinese
educational separate
had been separate had been equal facilities
were inherently unequal
Exclusion Act was passed in _____.
1883 1924
came from ____ and ____.
England/China England/Netherland
which give a vivid description
of th
A. 1882 B. C. 1900 D. 47. The first immigrants
in American
history
A. Ireland/France B. C. Scotland/England D. 48. Uncle e miserable
Tom’s Cabin
and Roots
are two novels
life of the _____.
Puritans black slaves in demography, States. B. three five
in the mining
industry,
especially
in the ___
there are _____
gr
A. early settlers B. C. native
Indians D.
to American movement
historians
and specialists
of the United
49. According eat population
in the history
A. two C. four D. 50. Many early Chinese __.
A. gold mines B. C. coal mines 51. The Declaration
of Independence
was drafted
immigrants
worked
silver mines D. copper by _____.
mines
A. James Madison C. Alexander
Hamilton
adopted
the Declaration
B. Thomes Jefferson
D. George Washington of Independerce.
52. On July 4, 1776, _____ A. B. the C. D. 53. The victory
of _____
the First Continental
Second
Congress
Congress Congress
Continental
the Third Continental the Constitutional was the turning
Convention
point of the War of Independence.
B. Gettysburg D. Yorktown
in 1789 were added to the Constitu
A. Saratoga C. Trenton 54. Ten amendments tion. They are knows A. the Articles
introduced as _____.
by James Madison
of Confederation B. the Bill of Right D. Federalist
Papers the country
Territory
’territory. s
C. the Civil Rights 55. President
Jefferson
bought
_____
from France and doubled
A. New Mexico B. C. Kansas D. 56. The Declaration
of Independence
the Louisiana Ohio
came from the theory of British philosopher _____.
A. Paul Revere B. C. Cornwallis D. 57. During
the WWII,
the Axis powers
were mainly
John Locke Frederick
Douglass
made up by __.
France,
Japan and Britain Italy
and Japan
A. Germany, C. Germany,
France and Japan B. Italy
and Britain
D. German,
58. The Progressive _____
and _____
Movement conditions.
is a movement demanding government regulation of the
A. economy/political B. C. economy/social 59. As a result
of WWI, _____
social/political D. political/cultural
nations.
was not one of the defeated
A. Germany C. Ottoman 60. The aim of President
Roosevelt
B. Austro-Hungary D. Russia
_____.
”
’New s Deal was to “save American
B. politics
democracy
A. economy C. society D.
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. B 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. D 41.C 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. A 47. D 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. B 52. B 53. A 54. B 55. B 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. D 60.D
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