电气试验 Electric Test
1.
电气试验常规要求General Requirements
1) 电气预防性的试验严格按规、产品说明书要求执行。
Electric preventive test shall be carried out in accordance with criterion and product specification strictly.
2) 组合式微机保护及监控继电器按产品说明书进展整定。 Adjust binedmicro-puter protection and monitoring relay
3) 常规的电磁式继电器调试按?新编保护继电器检验?中有关规定进展调试。 The normal electromagnetic relay missioning shall ply with the stipulations of New Protection Relay Test. 4) 盘(柜)指示电表经校验后，对合格的电表粘贴专用合格证。
Aftercalibration ofthe panel (cabinet) indicative ammeter, paste special quality certificate on the qualified ammeter.
5) 高压开关柜的传动试验在各电气元件及单体柜调试后进展。传动试验时，认真核对各回路的准确及可靠性。主要传动试验工程：
High pressure switchboardtransmission test shall be carried out after electrical element and individual cabinetmissioning. Check the loops accuracy and liability during transmission test. The main transmission project：
操作控制回路传动试验；
Operation Control Loop Transmission Test 保护回路传动试验；
Loop Protection Transmission Test 测量/计量回路试验； Measure/Recording Loop Test 系统低电压、断线保护试验；
System Low Pressure, Cable break protection test 核对一、二次相位； Check 1st and 2ndphase 2.
变压器试验 Transformer Test
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1) 测量绕组连同套管的直流电阻，测量应在各分接头所有位置上进展； Measure winding and sleeve DC resistance of all the connection joints.
2) 对1600kVA及以下三相变压器，各相测得值的相互差值应小于平均值的4%，线间测得值的相互差值应小于平均值的2%；1600kVA以上的三相变压器，各相测得值的相互差值应小于平均值的2%，线间测得值的相互差值应小于平均值的1%；1600kVA以上的三相变压器，各相测得值的相互差值应小于平均值的2%，线间测得值的相互差值应小于平均值的1%；(重复) 三相电阻不平衡率计算
Three Phase Transformerof 1600Kva and the less, the measured value’s difference shall be 4% less than the average, internal lines measured value shall be 2% less than the average. Three Phase Transformer of above 1600kVA, the measured value’s difference shall be 2% less than the average, internal lines measured value shall be 1% less than the average, Three Phase resistanceUnbalance Rate calculation formula:
Measured Max-Min Unbalanced Rate= 100%
Average
3) 直阻测量方法：DC Resistance Measure Method
用感性负载速测欧姆计测量绕组直流电阻时，其接线及测量方法应符合测试仪器的技术要求。
When measuring winding DC resistance bysensibility load ohmmeter, the connection and the measure method shall ply with equipment technical requirements.
4) 变压器的直流电阻，与同温下产品出厂实测数值比拟，相应变化不应大于2%；将不同温度下的绕组直流电阻温度换算到同一温度：
DC resistance of transformer, pared with measured value of product by manufacturer under same temperature, the corresponding change shall be not more than 2%, convert the winding DC resistance under different temperature into the same temperature.
不平衡率三相实测最大值最小值100%三相算术平均值. . word.zl-
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RaTtxRXTta(式中：Rx –换算至温度为tx时的电阻； Ra-温度为ta时所测得的电阻；T-温度换算系数，铜线为235，铝线为225；tx-需要换算Rx的温度； ta-测量Ra时的温度)
(convert Rx into the resistance under temperature of tx, Ra is resistance under temperature of ta, T is temperature convert coefficient, copper line is 235, aluminum is 225, tx is the temperature of Rx to convert, ta is temperature of measuring Ra )
5) 由于变压器构造等原因，差值超过本条第⑵款时，可只按本条第⑷款进展比拟。Cause of transformer structure, the difference is more than clause 2, ply with clause 4 only. 6) 检查所有分接头的变压比变压比与制造厂名牌数据相比应无明显差异，且符合变比的规律。额定分接的变压比允许偏差为±0.5%,其它分接的偏差应在变压器阻抗值〔%〕的1/10以，但不超过1%。
Check all connection joints transforming ratio, which shall be no distinct difference pared with the date of manufacturer brand and ply with the transforming rule. Rated tap transforming ratioallowable difference is ±0.5%, others shall within 1/10 of transformer resistance (%), but not more than 1%.
7) 检查三相变压器的结线组别和单相变压器引出线的极性
Check three phase transformer wire series and polarityof single phase transformer output wire. 8) 测量绕组连同套管的绝缘电阻
Measure the insulation resistance of windingand sleeve. a) 绝缘电阻值不应低于出厂试验值的70%。
Insulation resistance shall be not less than 70% of leave factory testing value.
b) 当测量温度与产品出厂试验时温度不符合时，可按下表换算到同一温度时的数值进展比拟：If any unconformity between measured temperature and leaving factory testing temperature, convert into same temperature according below table and pare: 温度差Temperature K 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 . . word.zl-
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Difference 换算系数Converting Coefficient 〔注：表中K为实测温度减去20℃的绝对值〕
(Remark: K is the absolute value of measured temperature minus 20℃)
c) 当测量绝缘电阻的温度差不是表中所列数值时，其换算系数按以下公式计算：when temperature difference of measuring insulation resistance value can not be found in the above table, the converting formula is： A=1.5K/10
当实测温度为20℃以上时：When measured temperature is above 20℃ R20=ARt
当实测温度为20℃以下时：When measured temperature is below 20℃ R20=Rt/A
(式中：R20-校正到20℃时的绝缘电阻值；Rt-在测量温度下的绝缘电阻值)
(R20- revise to absolute value of 20℃, Rt- is the absolute resistance vale under measuring
temperature)
9) 交流耐压试验AC Withstand Voltage Test
根据制造厂提供的技术资料及业主的要求决定是否进展该项试验；如进展该项试验需制造厂提供试验电压值。In accordance with the technical documents provided by manufacturer and Client’s requirements to determine whether to carry out the test, if do it, the manufacture should provide test voltage value.
a) 试验电压的频率为50Hz，电压波形应尽可能接近正弦波形。 The testing voltage frequency is 50Hz, voltage wave form better be sine wave. b) 进展交流耐压时,非被试侧绕组应短接后接地。
Carry out AC withstand voltage test, the un-test side of the winding resistance should be earthed.
10) 测量与铁芯绝缘的各紧固件的绝缘电阻measure the resistance of iron core insulation
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fastening ware
a) 应测量可接触到的穿芯螺栓、轭铁夹件及绑扎钢带对铁轭、铁芯及绕组压环的绝缘电阻；
Measure the touchable penetration bolt, yoke clamp, steel banding yoke, steel core and winding ring insulation resistance.
b) 采用2500V兆欧表测量，持续时间为1分钟，应无闪络及击穿现象； measuring with 2500 ohmmeter, tine last 1minute, noflashover, no breakdown. c) 当轭铁梁及穿芯螺栓一端与铁芯相连时，应将连接片断开后进展试验； When one side of yoke beams and penetration bolts connected with the core, carry outTest after disconnecting the clips.
11) 冲击合闸试验Impact Closing Test
在额定电压下对变压器进展冲击合闸试验,应进展5次,每次间隔宜为5分钟,无异常现象。冲击合闸试验宜在变压器高压侧进展；对中性点接地的电力系统，冲击试验时变压器的中性点必须接地；发电机变压器组中间连接无操作断开点的变压器，可不进展冲击合闸试验。
Carry out impact closing test under rated voltage for 5 times every 5 minus, there should be no abnormal phenomenon. Impact closing test shall carry out at high pressure side of transformer. The neutral point must be grounded for power system with neutral grounding. No impact closing test is acceptable for the generator transformer assembly without operation disconnection point. 12) 检查相位 Phase Check
检查变压器的相位必须与系统相位一致。
Confirm the transformer and the system phase must be consistent.
3.
电缆试验Cable Test
1) 绝缘测试 Insulation Test
a) 测量电缆对地或对金属屏蔽层间和各线芯间的绝缘电阻。
Measure the insulation resistance of cable to ground or iron shielded layer and cores. b) 对1kV以上电缆采用2500V兆欧表。
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Use 2500V Megohmmeter to test cable of above 1kV c) 对0.6/1kV及以下电缆采用1000V兆欧表。
Use 1000V Megohmmeter to test cable of 0.6/1Kv and below.
2) 直流耐压及泄漏电流测量 DC Voltage Endurance and DC Leaking Measuring
(塑料绝缘电缆包括聚氯乙烯绝缘电缆、聚乙烯绝缘电缆及交联聚乙烯绝缘电缆。聚氯乙烯绝缘电缆产品型号有VV、VLV等；聚乙烯绝缘及交联聚乙烯绝缘电缆的产品型号有YJV及YJLV等。)
Plastic insulation cable including PVC insulation cable, polyethylene insulation cable and cross-linked polyethylene insulation cable
电缆额定电压 (U0)Cable Rated Voltage 3.6kV 6kV 8.7kV 直流试验电压 DC Test Voltage 15kV 24kV 35kV 试验时间(min)Testing Time 15 15 15 3) 试验时,试验电压可分4～6阶段均匀升压，每阶段停留1min，并读取泄漏电流值。测量时应消除杂电流的影响。
During testing, the test voltage can be divided into 4-6 steps to increase voltage uniformly, each step lasts 1 min, and read leakage current value. Eliminate the miscellaneous current influence during measuring.
4) 对额定电压为0.6/1kV的电缆可用1000V或2500V兆欧表测量导体对地绝缘电阻代替直流耐压试验。
0.6/1kV cable, use 1000V or 2500V Megohmmeter to measure the resistance of conductor to earth insulation resistance instead of DC voltage endurance test. 5) 交流单芯电缆的护层绝缘试验标准，按产品技术条件的规定进展。
AC single core cable protection layer test standard should be according to technology condition. 6) 电缆主绝缘交流耐压试验 Cable main insulation AC voltage endurance test
试验电压：2U0；持续时间：60min (U0:电缆额定相电压) 。
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Test voltage: 2UO, lasting time: 60min (UO: cable rated voltage)
7) 按产品技术条件的规定决定进展直流耐压及泄漏电流测量或是进展电缆主绝缘交流耐压试验。
Carry out DC voltage endurance and leakage current measure or cable main insulation AC voltage test according product technology terms and condition stipulation. 8) 相位检查 Phase Check
电缆接线相序与系统相位一致。Cable connection order is same with system phase
4.
交流电机试验 AC Generator Test
1) 测量绕组的绝缘电阻，使用500V兆欧表，常温下绝缘电阻值不应低于0.5；额定电压为1kV及以上，在运行温度时的绝缘电阻值定子绕组不低于每千伏1，转子绕组不应低于每千伏0.5。
Measure winding insulation resistance, use 500v Megohmmeter, insulation resistance value shall not less than 0.5 under normal temperature. Rated voltage is above 1kV, insulation resistance value stator winding is not less than 1/kV under operation temperature, stator winding resistance shall not be less than 0.5/Kv.
2) 100kW以上的电动机各相绕组直流电阻值相互差异不应超过其最小值的2%，中性点未引出的电动机可测量线间直流电阻，其相互差异不应超过最小值的1%。测量时应记录环境温度，以便与出厂试验值相比拟。
Above 100kW motor, each winding DC resistance value difference shall be not exceed 2% of the minimum, without output neutral point of the motor, measure the DC resistance between the lines, their mutual differences should not exceed 1% of the minimum. Recordthe ambient temperature when measuring in order to pare with factory experimental data.
不平衡率三相实测最大值最小值100%三相最小值 3 phase measured max value-min value
Unbalanced value= x100% 3phase min
3) 检查定子绕组的极性及其连接应正确。中性点未引出者可不检查极性。
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Check the polarity of the stator windings and connections. There can be no checking if the output neutral point is not available.
4) 对于备用发电机的试验，依据制造厂提供的试验工程及标准进展试验。 Test for Standby generators, according to the test item and standards providedmanufacturer. 5.
继电器调试 Relay missioning
1) 调试前，应保证继电器对试验电源的要求。电源的波形应为正弦波，谐波分量 不超过基波的5%。试验电源的频率应为50Hz。当试验电源频率对继电器影响较大时应考虑频率的正、负偏差对试验数据的影响，应对试验数据进展修正。当使用直流电源试验时，电源的波纹系数要小。一般情况下，波纹系数K≯1%。
Before missioning, ensure relay meets test power requirements. Power should be sinusoidal waveform, the fundamental wave does not exceed 5% of harmonic wave. The frequency of test power should be 50 Hz. When the test frequency of power have great influence on relays, positive and negative deviation of the test data should be considered, and amend test data. When using DC power for test, the corrugated coefficient is smaller. generally, corrugated coefficient K ≯ 1%.
2) 使用标准仪表的精度不低于0.5级。
Using standard instrument precision is not lower than 0.5
3) 使用专用仪器进展调试时，专用仪器上的电表精度不低于0.5级。
Using specialized instrument for missioning, the instrument ammeter accuracy is not less than 0.5.
4) 继电器外壳应清洁无灰尘。外壳、玻璃应完整，嵌接要良好。外壳与底座结合应严密结实，防尘密封应良好，安装端正。继电器端子接线应结实可靠。
Relay shell should be clean. Shell, glass should be plete, embedded is good. Shell should be closely bined with the base, dust-protection seal should be good, correct installation. Relay terminal block should be solid and reliable.
5) 继电器部应清洁、接线结实、各部件完好，动作灵活、可靠。
The relay inner part shall be clean, connection solid, all part is perfect, flexible and liable 6) 继电器的接点检查：应保证接点接触良好、无抖动、粘住或出现火花等异常现象，并有足够的压力。
Relay contact point inspection: ensure contact point is good, jitter-free, no stick and sparkabnormal phenomenon, and sufficient pressure.
7) 电磁式继电器其动作值应测量继电器的冲击动作值。然后平稳下降测量继电器的返
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回值。对于欠量动作的继电器应将继电器升到额定值，然后平稳下降至动作值。电子组合式继电器按制造厂商提供的技术资料中要求进展调试。Electromagnetic relay operating value shall be the impact operating value. Then steady decline measuring the return value of measuring relays. Increasethe valueto rated for the unreached, and then decrease steadily to operating value. mission the electronic bined Relay according to technical information providedby manufacturers.
8) 检查电磁式继电器的动作、返回值及返回系数应符合产品技术要求。
Check Electromagnetic relay operation, return value and return coefficient shall ply with product technology requirement. 9) 复核继电器的动作值。 Re-check relay operation value.
10) 校核、调整热继电器的设定值，其动作值应符合被保护设备的容量。
Check and mission set value of thermal relay, the operation value shall ply with the capacity of protected equipment.
11) 绝缘电阻的测定：额定电压为100V及以上者，使用1000V兆欧表；额定电压为100V以
下者，使用500V兆欧表。端子对底座和磁导体的绝缘电阻应大于50ΜΩ。各线圈对触点及各触点间的绝缘电阻应大于50ΜΩ。各线圈间的绝缘电阻应大于10ΜΩ。由电子元、器件组成的综合继电器不进展绝缘电阻的测定。
Insulation Resistance meauring: rated voltage of 100 V and above, use of 1000 VMegohmmeter; rated voltage below 100 V, use 500 V Megohmmeter. The loop contact point and each contact point insulation resistance should be more than 50 ΜΩ. The coil and contacts on the contacts between the insulation resistance should be more than 50 ΜΩ. Between the coil insulation resistance should be greater than 10 ΜΩ. No measure to insulation resistance prehensive relay posed of electronic device.
12) 电磁式继电器进展冲击试验：电压型继电器其冲击电压应为该继电器额定电压的1.1倍；电流型继电器其冲击电流应为保护安装处最大故障电流。冲击试验时，接点不应产生振动和鸟啄现象。
Impact test to electromagnetic relay: the impact voltage of voltage relay’s voltage is 1.1 times of its rated voltage, impact current of current relays should be the Max fault current of the protection installed place. During impact test, no vibration and bird pecking phenomenon at contact point.
13) 主变压器保护装置、测控装置等各种类型的自动保护装置的调试方法和调试接线，按厂商提供的产品技术资料进展调试。
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Main transformer protective device, detective device etc, all self-protective device missioning method and missioning contact shall ply with technology information provided by manufacturer.
14) 对多功能综合保护继电器的数码显示局部应完好，刻度清晰、准确。
Multi-functional prehensive protective relay digital display part shall be perfect, Calibration clear and accurate.
15) 按产品的技术性能，输入相应的参数值，检验其功能是否符合产品的技术标准。
Input parameter values according to product technology performance, check if the functions ply with technology standard.
16) 按设计的整定值，检验继电器实际动作值。
Check actual operation value of the relay according to set value.
17) 对过量参数值由低值逐渐升至动作值，欠量参数值由额定值降至动作值。
Excessive parameters, increase gradually from low value to operation value, less of parameter values decrease from rated value to operation value.
18) 在未采取可靠的措施前，不得触摸继电器部电路板，以免静电损坏电路板。
Before no reliable measures taken,forbid to touch the internal circuit boards to prevent any damage. 6.
传动试验 Transmission Test
1) 主变压器进线开关、隔离开关、接地开关分、合闸操作；
Main transformer input switch, isolation switch, earthing switch turn on/off operation; 2) MCC〔电动机控制中心〕系统分、合闸操作；MCC system turn on/off operation; 3) 变压器保护等动作跳闸及信号的传动试验；Transformer protection trip and signal transmission test;
4) MCC〔电动机控制中心〕馈线柜动作跳闸及信号的传动试验；MCC wire cabinet protection trip and signal transmission test;
5) 备用电源自投的传动试验；Spare power independent transmission test;
6) 测量、计量回路的传动试验及其它传动试验；Measuring and recording loop transmission test and other transmission test;
9) 上述传动试验应准确、可靠；二次回路绝缘良好。Above transmission tests should be accurate and reliable; loop should be well isolated.
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7. UPS〔不连续电源〕调试 UPS missioning
1) UPS〔不连续电源〕装置主机按制造厂技术资料要求进展调试。
The missioning of UPS mainframe should be according to Manufacturer’s technical specification documents.
2) UPS〔不连续电源〕装置蓄电池绝缘电阻应符合产品技术条件，并按制造厂技术条件进展充放电；充电电压应符合产品技术条件。10 小时放电应到达100%放电率。Storage battery isolation resistance of the UPS should ply with technical specification and should be discharged accordingly; charge voltage should ply with technical specification. 10-hour discharge should reach 100% discharging rate. 8.
电气受、送电 Electric Apparatus Receiving and Supplying Power
1) 电气受、送电，遵循先高压(电源)侧后低压(负荷)侧，断电时，先断低压侧(负荷)侧，后高压(电源)侧。Receiving and supplying power should be from high voltage side and then lower side; breaking power should be from lower voltage side and then higher.
2) 为保证平安在变压器受电前将盘柜所有开关置于断开位置 All the switches should be kept Off before receiving power in order to guarantee the safety.
3) 在额定电压下对变压器冲击试验5次，每次间隔时间为5min，无异常现象Carry out impacting test 5 times every 5 min under rating voltage, there should be no abnormal situations. 4) 两段受电后，在母联柜母联开关一、二次核相。After second phase receiving, check busbar switch phase.
5) 进展并列运行及进线柜、母联柜联锁试验 Carry out shunt circulating and input cabinet and busbar cabinet interlock test.
6) 动设备受电前，有条件的情况下先断开负荷侧的主电缆，然后送电检查控制回路。合格后，再恢复负荷侧的主电缆。Before rotating apparatus receiving power, break the load side main power cable if practicable, then supply power and check the control loop. After acceptance, recover the main cable.
7) 试运时应按空载及负荷试车进展。单机试运时，连锁接点可不投入，负荷试车时，必须将连锁接点投入。试车时，在试运设备周围拉上戒备线，并有专人监护。missioning should be carried out under both unload and load situations. Interlock points can be not involved during mechanic missioning, but should be involve during loading missioning.
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Alarming tape should be installed around relating apparatus during missioning and appointed personnel should supervise. 9.
电机试运前的检查应符合以下要求：Motors Checking Should ply With The Following Requirements Before missioning
1) 电机的保护、控制、信号等回路的调试完毕，动作正常。
Motor protection, control and signal, etc loops missioning has been pleted and work well. 2) 盘动电机转子时转动灵活，无碰卡现象。
Rotor runs smoothly by manually, without collision and blocking. 3) 电机绝缘满足要求。电机引出线排序正确，固定结实，连接严密。
Motor isolation meets requirements. The output wire sequence is right, and fixed well, connected tightly.
4) 电机外壳油漆完整，接地良好。
Out cover’s paint is in good condition and earthing well. 5) 电机第一次启动时，以点动为宜。 The fist start up should be short-time run.
10. 电机试运行时的检查应符合以下要求：Motors Checking Should ply With The
Following Requirements During missioning 1) 电机的旋转方向是否符合工艺要求。
The motor rotation orientation should ply with process requirements. 2) 电机试运行各种参数，不超过产品技术条件的规定。
All parameters of motor during missioning should not excess technical specification. 3) 联合试运时，编制试运方案，按方案的容逐条进展。
Before bining missioning, establish missioning plan and execute according to it one by one.
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