必修3 Unit 1 课下作业（一~三）
课下作业（一） 考点过关针对练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Hesitating (犹豫) for a minute, the girl stood up and offered her seat to the old man.
2．The favorite thing I'd like to do when sitting on the bus was to observe (观察) people through the window. 3．In my opinion, you should grasp (抓住) the opportunity to work abroad.
4．The girl lost in the forest finally escaped from the woods and she breathed a sigh of relief (轻松)． 5．The president rolled his eyes and glanced (瞥一眼) at the couple and then exclaimed，“Go away！”. 6．The builders adopted a wise alternative approach (方法) to carry the heavy stone.
7．My uncle has earned lots of money, so I firmly (坚定地) believe that his business is a success.
8．I work with volunteers (志愿者) for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.
9．Attached (把……附在……上) to the gift was a note on which he expressed his appreciation for our reception during his stay here.
10．Even though it was only October, my students were already whispering (小声说) about Christmas plans. 11．When you meet with some dangerous situations, don't panic (惊慌) or get out of line.
12．Wherever (无论哪里) someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else to use. 13．The travellers in the desert saw in the distance (远处) a lake and trees growing beside it, but they didn't exist actually.
14．The manager thought his marketing plan was perfect, but on the contrary (相反), it was not and failed finally. 15．She has a reputation for being calm (沉着的) and cool-headed. Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．To be honest, the pay isn't attractive (attract) enough, though the job itself is quite interesting. 2．Nowadays the world's population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800. 3．Without any hesitation (hesitate), she took up the red flag and rushed out. 4．I had great difficulty finding the suitable (suit) food on the menu in that restaurant. 5．The young mother is waiting for her son's returning with a growing sense of anxiety_ (anxious). 6．It is likely that these old buildings will be knocked down in a year or two. 7．Relieved (relief), I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep. 8．If we leave right away, hopefully (hopeful), we'll arrive on time.
9．They believe, for example, that their employees (employ) need constant supervision if they are to work effectively.
10．Some people are rather proud of not being ignorant (ignore) of such an important matter. Ⅲ.单句改错
1．As I started laughing, Mom asked confused，“What's wrong？”confused→confusedly 2．It was relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle of the road. relief前加a 3．It recognized that listening to music is of great benefit.It后加is 4．The mother was standing at the gate, anxiously to see her son.anxiously→anxious 5．Though he tried many approaches for solving the problem, he failed at last.for→to 6．Bruce was observed leave the building with two young men and take a taxi away.leave前加to 7．Ann likes to keep people at the distance, so many people often think twice before they talk with her.the→a 8．Attracting by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days in Shanghai.Attracting→Attracted Ⅳ.完成句子
1．All_the_approaches_to_the_airport were blocked by the police. 所有通往机场的路都被警察封锁了。
2．She was about to jump when_a_hand_reached_out and caught her arm. 她正要跳，这时一只手伸过来抓住了她的胳膊。 3．It's no use wishing_for_things you can't have. 企盼得不到的事物是徒劳的。
4．I'd prefer to go in summer rather_than_in_winter. 我宁愿夏天去，而不愿冬天去。
5．It_is_very_likely_that he will agree with the plan. 他很有可能会同意这个计划。
6．The number of the students now is_twice_what_it_was ten years ago. 现在学生的人数是十年前的两倍。
7．When he woke up, he found_his_wallet_stolen. 当他醒来的时候，他发现钱包被偷了。
8．To_our_great_relief,_with the help of her teacher, she was able to put her heart into her study. 令我们十分宽慰的是，在老师的帮助下，她能够专心学习了。
课下作业（二） 话题阅读培优练
Ⅰ.根据提示填空
One day, about ten years ago, while ❶working (work) at the cash register in the gift shop at my University Museum of Natural History, I saw an ❷elderly (old) couple come in with a little girl in the wheelchair.As I looked closer at this girl, I found that she ❸was_fixed (fix) on her chair.I then realized she had no ❹arms (胳膊) or legs, just a head, a neck and her upper body, ❺dressed (dress) in a little white skirt.As the couple wheeled her up to me, I turned my head towards the girl.When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back at the girl, who was giving me the most ❻optimistic (乐观的) smile I had ever seen.All of a sudden, her handicap was ❼gone (go) and all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me and almost instantly gave me a completely new ❽sense (感觉)
of what life is all about.She took me from a poor, unhappy college student and brought me into her world: a world of smiles, love and ❾warmth (warm)．
I'm a successful businessman now and when I think about the troubles of the world, I think about that little girl
10remarkable (非凡的) lesson about life that she taught me. and the ○
Ⅱ.片段选词填空
sight， noise， surround， expert， tongue， view， process， remove， physical， sense When Daniel Kish enters a room, he may not be able to see, but his ears give him a 360 degree ❶view.Kish uses echolocation (回声定位) — just like bats or whales — to ❷sense the world.And it allows him to do everything from cycling to hiking, all on his own, without the benefit of ❸sight.Kish was affected by retinal (视网膜的) cancer and had to have both eyes ❹removed before he was 13 months old.Amazingly, he taught himself that by making small ❺noises he could listen for their echoes (回声) and learn what ❻surrounded him.Today, at age 51, Kish is an ❼expert at human echolocation.Like many of those who use echoes, Kish makes clicking noises with his ❽tongue and then listens for their echoes in the environment.“It is the same ❾process bats use，” Kish told BBC News.“You send out
10physical surfaces.” a sound or a call and sound waves are physical waves — they bounce back from ○
课下作业（三） 高考语篇提能练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Having experienced a shocking electrical accident, which caused him to become both blind and deaf, James Franco's world became completely dark and quiet for almost ten years.The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life. His family, especially his wife, did their best to tend and comfort him and finally he regained the will to live.
One hot summer afternoon, he was taking a walk with a stick near his house when a thunderstorm started all at once.He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet, but he was struck by the lightning.Witnesses thought he was dead but he woke up 20 minutes later, lying face down in muddy water.He was trembling badly, but when he opened his eyes, he could hardly believe what he saw: a tree and a muddy road.When Mrs.Franco came running up to him, shouting to their neighbors to call for help, he could see her and hear her voice for the first time in nearly ten years.
The news of James regaining his sight and hearing quickly spread and many doctors came to examine him.Most of them said that he regained his sight and hearing from the shock he got from the lightning.However, none of them could give a compelling answer as to why this should happen.The only reasonable explanation given by one doctor was that, since James lost his sight and hearing as a result of a sudden shock, perhaps, the only way for him to regain them was by another sudden shock.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。James Franco经历了一次电击事故后，失明、失聪近十年，但是后来被闪电击中后他奇迹般地恢复了视力和听力。
1．The reason that James attempted to kill himself was that ________. A．a terrible electrical accident happened to him
B．he had to live in a dark and silent world C．he was struck by the lightning once more D．nobody in the world cared about him
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，失去视力和听力导致James Franco生活在黑暗和无声的世界中，这种痛苦导致他几度要自杀，故B项正确。
2．What was James doing when he was struck by the lightning? A．Sheltering from the rain under a tree. B．Putting an end to his life. C．Taking a walk with a stick. D．Lying on the ground.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet, but he was struck by the lightning”可知，James Franco被闪电击中时，他正在树下躲雨。故A项正确。
3．What does the underlined word “compelling” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Wrong. C．Unexplained.
B．Convincing. D．True.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“However, none of them could give a compelling answer as to why this should happen.The only reasonable explanation ...”可知，compelling和reasonable意义相近，故B项正确。
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．A Terrible Electrical Accident B．James Franco and His Wife C．An Unforgettable Experience D．What a Sudden Shock!
解析：选D 标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了James Franco被闪电击中之后奇迹般地恢复了视力和听力的故事，故D项作文章标题最合适。
B
(2020届高三·福州质检)Hi, everyone! I am doing 92 acts of kindness this month in memory of my grandma, who passed away a few days before Christmas. It is deeply meaningful for me to see the ripples (涟漪) of kindness and love exerting a positive influence on the world in her name. It feels like she can still do good in the world even though she is gone. I have read so many of this community's updates and am inspired by how many creative, actively kind, and world-changing people are sharing stories. I am writing to request help in reaching my goal of 92 acts of kindness — one for every year of her life.
I am asking for those of you who are willing ... would you please do an act of kindness in my grandmother's name? It doesn't have to be big. Just a small act of love. And comment to tell me about your act so it can be tracked by me along with the rest.
So far, we've had nearly 30 acts of kindness since I started a few days ago. You can go to my article, where I am making live updates each time I or someone else contributes an act of kindness. Please help me light up the world with
goodness and kindness. You have no idea how overwhelming (无法抗拒的) and amazing it feels to read about these acts of kindness happening on behalf of my grandma each day. As Ralph Waldo Emerson once wrote, “You cannot do a kindness too soon, for you never know how soon it will be too late.” Let's keep changing the world together. Thank you so much!
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者号召大家以她祖母的名义做善事，和她一起完成她的梦想，从而来纪念她的祖母。
5．What does the author say about her grandmother? A．She died at the age of 92. B．She rarely did good when alive. C．She was so great as to be remembered. D．She had a positive effect on the world.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“reaching my goal of 92 acts of kindness — one for every year of her life”可知，作者的祖母在92岁高龄时去世了。
6．What does the author request people do? A．Help others whenever it's possible.
B．Give someone a hand in her grandma's name. C．Leave her some encouraging comments. D．Read this community's world-changing updates.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I am asking for those of you who are willing ... would you please do an act of kindness in my grandmother's name? It doesn't have to be big. Just a small act of love”可知，作者请求大家以她祖母的名义做好事，故选B项。
7．Why does the author mention Ralph Waldo Emerson's words? A．To remind people to think before they act. B．To call on people to do a kindness soon. C．To warn people not to do a kindness soon. D．To advise people to speak louder than words.
解析：选B 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“You cannot do a kindness too soon, for you never know how soon it will be too late”可知，该句中含有cannot do sth. too ...句式，表示“无论怎么……都不过分，越……越好”。故作者提到这句话是为了呼吁人们尽早做好事。
8．What is the author's purpose of writing this passage? A．To honor her grandmother. B．To contribute a big act of kindness. C．To share this community's updates. D．To get help to realize her dream.
解析：选D 写作意图题。从文章的字里行间可以发现，作者写作本文是为了让网友帮助她共同实现做92件好
事的愿望。
C
(2019·北京西城模拟)Turning the lights out or wearing a blindfold while eating could be a quick way to lose weight, according to scientists. The simple trick works because it stops diners eating for pleasure rather than for calories. It also triggers (引发) a part of the brain that is worried that unseen food may go bad.
An experiment by the University of Konstanz, in Germany, found that people who were blindfolded consumed nine percent fewer calories before they felt full, compared to those who could see.They also vastly overestimated how much they had eaten because they could not see how much was left on the plate. Blindfolded volunteers estimated they had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had.
Scientists believe that not seeing food on the table also allows the body to know when it is full in real time rather than remembering past experiences where it might have taken a full plate to feel full.
In the experiment, 50 people were blindfolded and 40 were allowed to see their food. All were told not to eat within two hours of the experiment. They were then given three 95g bowls of chocolate ice-cream and invited to eat for 15 minutes. Their bowls were taken away and the remaining ice-cream weighed, while the participants were quizzed on how much they thought they had eaten.
On average the group who could see ate 116g while the blindfolded groups ate 105g. However, the blindfolded group believed they had eaten 197g while compared with 159g for the non-blind volunteers. They were also asked how pleasant the ice-cream tasted and the blindfolded group rated lower than those who could see.
“The experienced pleasure of eating was significantly lower in the blindfolded group.Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite. Sight plays an important role in the eating experience and in the overall dining experience.”
Previous studies have shown that the visual influence of food plays a large part in the taste. While restaurants that allow diners to eat in the dark state that it triggers other senses, in fact eating in darkness is likely to taste far milder than usual.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家通过研究发现人们在熄灯或者戴着眼罩时用餐可以减肥。 9．With the lights out, diners eat less partly because________. A．they want to quickly finish their meals B．they trust their feelings more than ever C．they focus more on fun than the calories D．they worry about the quality of the food
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，当关灯后，饮食者可能会担心食物的质量。故答案选D。 10．We can learn from the passage that the blindfolded group________. A．spent a much longer time eating the same food B．believed they ate more than they really did C．depended on past experiences to feel full D．thought the food tasted better than usual
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句以及实验过程可知，戴眼罩的志愿者们相信他们比实际上吃得更多。故答案选B。
11．The last two paragraphs tell us that________.
A．diners are likely to lose their appetite eating in darkness B．senses rather than sight play an important role in the taste C．findings of this experiment differ from the previous studies D．restaurants benefit a lot from allowing diners to eat in the dark
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句并结合最后两段可知，最后两段主要讲的是在黑暗中吃东西，饮食者可能会降低食欲。故答案选A。
12．The main purpose of the passage is to ________. A．provide statistics related to eating in the dark B．offer reasons for people to eat in the dark areas C．inform the readers of the result of an experiment D．persuade the readers to lose weight in a new way
解析：选C 写作意图题。纵观全文可知，本文主要是通过叙述实验过程来告知读者实验结果。A、B两项是文章具体讲到的内容；D项在文章中没有体现。故答案选C。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
China has been the birthplace of many of the world's greatest inventions.It was, for example, the first country to produce paper money.Before the invention of paper money and coins, people used many different kinds of things for buying and selling.__1__ This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering.
__2__ In 1200 BC, people in China began to use shells (贝壳) as money.Usually the shells used as money were very small.This made it easier for people to carry money over long distances, and allowed for trade to develop between different parts of the country.
In the years which followed this invention, many other countries around the world began to do the same. __3__ The next development was in 1000 BC, when China started making bronze and copper shells.It wasn't long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal.__4__ By 500 BC, metal coins had begun to appear in countries like Persia and Greece, and later in the Roman Empire.
About 1000 years later, leather was used as money in China, and in 806 AD, the first paper banknotes were produced by the Chinese people.__5__
A．People also began collecting foreign coins as souvenirs.
B．However, as economies developed, such exchanges became impractical. C．It was still many years before paper currency appeared in Europe. D．They also used tiny shells as money for buying and selling. E．As time went by, trade between countries increased.
F．During that time, for example, buying a chicken might cost several potatoes.
G．The very first coins often had holes in them so that people could string them together.
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了中国是世界上许多伟大发明的发源地。文中介绍了货币的发展过程，由实物交换到贝壳货币再到金属圆硬币，最后发明了纸币。中国成为世界上第一个制作纸币的国家。
1．解析：选F 上文提到“在纸币和硬币发明之前，人们用许多不同的东西来买卖”。F项就是那个时代物物交换的一个例子。下句也是对F项的进一步说明。
2．解析：选B 根据下文的内容可知，在公元前1200年中国人使用贝壳作为货币，因为它很容易携带。因此上文提到的用实物交换的方式就不方便、不实用了。B项承上启下。
3．解析：选D 上文提到“在这项发明之后的几年里，世界上许多其他国家也开始这样做”，也就是也使用小贝壳来作为货币，所以选D项。
4．解析：选G 根据本空的上下文内容可知，这时货币出现了新的发展，即出现了金属币。G项“最早的硬币上常有洞，以便人们可以把它们串在一起”与本段的语意一致。
5．解析：选C 本段内容主要讲述了纸币最早出现在中国。C项“It was still many years before paper currency appeared in Europe.”是paper banknotes的词意复现，而且能承接上文。
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