1
The Science of RiskSeeking
Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward，the risk seems worth taking.___1___Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.
The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risktakers were better at hunting，fighting，or exploring.___2___As the quality of risktaking was passed from one generation to the next，humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.
So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well，even 200,000 years ago，too much risktaking could get one killed. A few daring survived，though，along with a few stayinthecave types. As a result，humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing，or maybe you hate it.___3___
No matter where you are on the riskseeking range，scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years.___4___To help you do that，your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks，so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.
___5___For the riskseekers，a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active，while for the rest of us，a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.
As experts continue to study the science of riskseeking，we’ll continue to hit the mountains，the waves or the shallow end of the pool.
A．It all depends on your character.
B．Those are the risks you should jump to take.
C．Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.
D．Thus，these wellequipped people survived because they were the fittest.
E．This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.
F．However，we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.
G．New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.
2.
Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries.___1___In general，they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological.
One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women.___2___Between the ages of about 12 and 50，women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力)．These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and the blood flow. In fact，women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.
___3___They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. This means that women generally get sick less often and less seriously than men. The common cold is a good example: women，on average，get fewer colds than men.
___4___Scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging，but they believe that they do. Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency(倾向) to age more slowly than a man’s. Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly.___5___
A．However，women，on average，live longer.
B．The biological factor plays an important part.
C．Women are also helped by their female genes.
D．The female hormones also protect the body in another way.
E．Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.
F．Therefore，women are more healthy than men and can live a better life.
G．Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control various body functions.
3.
Everyone knows that fish is good for health.___1___But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year，but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying，storing，and cooking fish isn’t difficult.___2___This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.
___3___Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh.___4__When you have bought a fish and arrive home，you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately，but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one.
There are many common methods used to cook fish.___5___First，clean it and
season it with your choice of spices(调料)．Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.)Then，it’s ready to serve.
A．Do not buy it.
B．The easiest is to steam it.
C．This is how you can do it.
D．It just requires a little knowledge.
E．The fish will go bad within hours.
F．When buying fish，you should first smell it.
G．The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.
4.
A Garden That’s Just Right for You
Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you，where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts？
___1___.But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.
•___2___
Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants，flowers，patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料)．___3___.However，there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.
•Recall(回忆) your childhood memories
Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad，but that’s not what’s important.___4___—how being in those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden，start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth.___5___.Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grownup garden. Have fun.
A．Know why you garden
B．Find a good place for your own garden
C．It’s our experience of the garden that matters
D．It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers
E．Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants
F．You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden，too
G．For each of those gardens，write down the strongest memory you have
5.
Secret codes(密码) keep messages private. Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information is sent by computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years.___1___Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography.___2___For example，the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”
___3___You might represent each letter with a number，for example. Let’s number
the letters of the alphabet，in order，from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter，the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.”
A code uses symbols to replace words，phrases，or sentences. To read the message of a real code，you must have a code book.___4___For example，“bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.”5However，it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.
A．It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B．In any language，some letters are used more than others.
C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D．As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.
E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F．With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.
6.
The relationship between parents and teachers is important in the development of a child. The good communication between them is communication that says,“ I care about my child, and I value school.” The best way a parent can show how much he or she values learning is by sending a prepared child to school every day.___1___Once a child gets behind in class, catching up can be difficult.
Parents and teachers are partners in student development. A school community is built on relationships established(确立)among children, teachers, and children’s families.
Here are tips for creating a positive relationship with your child’s teacher.
Meet with your child’s teacher in the fall.___2___— his or her special needs, outside activities, health, and home study habits.
Look for the positive.___3___. Share with your child’s teacher something you particularly appreciated regarding the teacher’s role in the academic and /or social development of your child.
Let the teacher know that you want to support the work that is being done in class. Ask for suggestions for expanding school activities into home activities.___4___.You can send a note of thanks when something special takes place in the classroom and your
child is involved.
Be willing to participate in or set up a conference when you or your child’s teacher feel a special meeting is needed, such as:
___5___.
Your child seems to be deeply upset about something that happened at school.
A. When a child is absent from school, important lessons may be missed
B. Phone your child’s teacher if necessary
C. The teachers need to feel appreciated for the job they do.
D. This is a good time for the teacher to learn more about your child
E. Express your appreciation to the teacher
F. The beginning of every term is very important
G. There is a dramatic drop in your child’s grades
7.
As you grow rapidly through your teenage years，you will experience a lot of changes. The changes may seem difficult. __1____ Don't panic！You will deal successfully with them！You are a young adult now!
With more responsibility，you will find more freedom to make your own choices. This is a time to be well informed about making choices. In this way you can make healthy balanced decisions. ___2_ .You may already know your career path or you may have no idea at all what you want to do. Both situations are fine！Work hard and the right opportunity will present itself to you.
Young adulthood means greater freedom and more choices. __3____ But try not to shut your family out of your life. You should learn to think of others even though you are old enough to look after yourself.
It is also perfectly natural at this time for you to spend more time with your friends than your family. ___4___ A true friend will stand by you no matter what happens.
This period is part of the life cycle. There are some people who will be with you throughout life's journey and there will be some people with whom you part and go separate ways. Leaving school can be hard. The reality is that you may not even see all of your classmates again.
You are a young adult. It is your life. No one can live it for you._5___ So making the right choices will be important to you. Life is for living. Enjoy your life wisely!
A. Choose your friends wisely.
B. They will help shape the future.
C. They may seem to happen quickly.
D. You will probably want to be independent.
E. You may appreciate what you have in your own life.
F. The choices that you make from now on will be your choice.
G. Your family has been with you since you came into this world.
8.
Forgiveness
To forgive is a virtue, but no one has ever said it is easy. When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate. However, forgiveness is possible, and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health. People who forgive show less sadness, anger and stress and more hopefulness, according to a recent research.
___1___Try the following steps:
Calm yourself.___2___You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love.
Don’t wait for an apology. Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize. They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things the same way.___3___Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.
Take the control away from your offender(冒犯者). Rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who causes you pain. Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you.
___4___If you understand your offender, you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness, fear, and even love. You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender’s point of view.
Don’t forget to forgive yourself.___5___But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t do it.
A. Why should you forgive?
B. How should you start to forgive?
C. Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.
D. Try to see things from your offender’s angle.
E. For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.
F. To make your anger die away, try a simple stress-management technique.
G. If you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.
9.
“Nature does not hurry, yet everything is accomplished.” — Lao Tzu
If you are in a city where everyone rushes, realize that you don’t have to be like everyone else. You can be different. You can walk instead of driving in rush hour traffic. You can be on your iPhone or Blackberry less, and disconnected sometimes. Your environment doesn’t control your life — you do. I’m not going to tell you how to give you a step-by-step guide to moving slower._1__
1. Do less.
Cut back on your projects, on your task list, on how much you try to do each day. Focus not on quantity but on quality._2_Save smaller, routine tasks for later in the day,
but give yourself time to focus.
2. Have fewer meetings.
_3__And they eat into your day, forcing you to squeeze the things you really need to do into small windows, and making you rush.
3._4__
When you do the important things with focus, without rush, there will be things that get pushed back, and that don’t get done. And you need to ask yourself: how necessary are these things? What would happen if I stopped doing them?
4. Practice mindfulness.
Simply learn to live in the present, rather than things so much about future or the past. When you eat, fully appreciate your food. When you are with someone, be with them fully. When you are walking, appreciate your surroundings, no matter where you are.
Try these things out. Life is better when unrushed.__5__ A. Start to put off or cancel the unnecessary.
B. Meetings are usually a “big waste of time”.
C. The world likely won’t end if you don’t pass one of the examinations.
D. But here are some things to consider and perhaps adopt, if they work for your life.
E. Remember the quote: if nature can get everything done without rushing, so can you.
F. Pick 2-3 important things — or even just one important thing — and work on those first.
G. Give yourself more time to get ready and get there.
10.
Travel Tips That Are No Longer True
We all love a great trip, but some of the classic tips for travelers no longer hold true.___1___
1. Book a plane ticket far in advance to save money.
This myth may have been true back in the 1960s, when flights were less common than they are today. Back then, the demand for a flight would naturally increase as the date approached, there being few other options.___2___According to recent studies, the best time to buy a domestic ticket was between six and seven weeks before.
2.___3___
Don’t ignore the benefits of going straight to the hotel to negotiate a good deal on a room. Many hotel chains offer rate guarantees and encourage customers to book directly. Hotels also frequently have discounts or some offers that third-party websites don’t know. Apart from this, hotels give the upgrades, not the booking agents.
3. Avoid street food.
___4___If this means standing up at a cheap street stall (摊位), then follow the crowd. Don’t sit down at a restaurant and spend four times more, on the simple assumption that it’s the only safe option. Can you see what’s going on in the kitchen?
4. Carry your money in a special pocket or pouch.
This is the fastest way to stand out from locals — who will have their money in a wallet or purse. Only take what you need when you leave your hotel room.___5___
A. When in Rome, do what the Romans do.
B. The best hotel prices are on travel websites.
C. And make sure to put your wallet in a front pocket.
D. This is only true if you are buying products that are heavily taxed.
E. Let yourself relax in a warm room for one or two people in single beds.
F. These days, many alternatives for the most popular routes mean that demand stays steady.
G. Check the updates on these tall tales (无稽之谈) to save cash and add experience to your trip.
11.
Five Things Ambitious People Never Say
“I can't do this----it's too hard.”
Ambitious people never limit themselves or undervalue hard work with these words.___1___
“I'm not good enough.”
Ambitious people never say they are not good enough. Saying you are not good enough holds you back and makes you easy to quit when things get a little rough. And quitting when things get a little rough is never a good thing. The most successful people in the world are not quitters. ___2___Be confident and believe in yourself, or no one else will.
“I won't make it through the obstacles.”
Challenges and obstacles are tests of your resolve and desire to succeed.___3___They say they will make it because they know better things lie ahead---the sun always shines after the storm.
___4___
The only time people won't take you seriously is if you don't take yourself seriously. Insisting that people won't take you seriously is an excuse not to do what you know you should do. Ambitious people never say these words. Start respecting yourself and honoring what you do and people will respect and take you seriously.
“I'm going to fail for sure.”
___5___It can teach you valuable lessons and redirect you to the right path. Ambitious people don't say they are going to fail and let that stop them from trying. They challenge the fear of failure by taking calculated risks because they know the only
time you are truly defeated is when you don't try at all.
A. Failure is not entirely bad.
B. “People think me impossible.”
C. “People won't take me seriously.”
D. They tell themselves they can do it.
E. Ambitious people say they can do everything well.
F. They are hard workers who believe in themselves and their abilities.
G. Ambitious people never say they won't make it through the hard times.
12.
Home on the Way
People need homes. Children assume their parents’ place as home. Boarders call school “home” on weekdays. Married couples work together to build new homes and travelers have no place to call “home”, at least for a few nights?. ___1___ Don’t they have the right to a home? Of course they do.
Some regular travelers take their own belongings like bed sheets, pillowcases and family photos to make them feel like home no matter where they are. Some stay for long periods in the same hotel and as a result become very familiar with service and attendants.___2___.Furthermore, driving a camping car during one’s travels and sleeping in the vehicle at night is just like home—only mobile!
And how about keeping relationships while in transit(运输中)?___3___. Some send letters and postcards, or even photos. Others may just call and say Hi just to let their friends know that they’re still alive and well. People find ways to keep in touch. Making friends on the way helps travelers feel more or less at home. ___4___
Nowadays, fewer people are working in their local towns, so how do they develop a sense of belonging? Whenever we step out of our local boundaries, there is always another “home” waiting to be found., ___5___ we can make the place we stay “home”.
A. Hostels（招待所） provide a clean safe place to stay while you are travelling the world
B. Others may simply put some flowers by the hotel window to make things more homely
C. Backpackers in youth hostels may become very good friends, even closer than siblings(手足)
D. So how about people who have to travel for extended periods of time
E. No matter where you go in the world, hotels are there, too
F. Some keep contact with their friends via Internet
G. Wherever we are, with just a little bit of effort and imagination
13
Investing in yourself
Figuring out how to invest your money can be a difficult task. This is something that you will want to learn how to do.
___1___Things that will improve your knowledge, skills or health are all great investments. However, before you start, you need to be clear about what you will gain out of doing all of these things.
You may think investing in yourself means investing in your education.___2___. There are some other things you can do as well as buying a gym membership or learning a new skill.
So what are some specific things you can do?___3___Reading books can really
expand your mind and allow you to learn different skills and gain knowledge. I’m talking about the books where you will actually learn a new skill, not fiction books.
You can also take courses and attend seminars. These programs are taught by people with a high level of knowledge or skill.___4___. Only in this way can you avoid being fooled by some sales presentation.
Moreover, investing in yourself is a safe way to keep your money. Although a savings account is seen as the most secure investment, that isn’t 100% safe. Even if you never experience your bank closing down, the return is little when inflation(通货膨胀) is taken into consideration.___5___But over time, they will show up in terms of your happiness level as well as your level of success.
A. This is just one way.
B. The benefits will stay with you.
C. If you aren’t a reader, you should start with that.
D. The more you do this, the more valuable you will be.
E. Of course, you need to do some research before investing.
F. The best way to invest your money is to invest it in yourself.
G. When you invest in yourself, you may not see gains right away.
14.
It is necessary but difficult for English beginners to memorize new words, and long lists of words seem to make the mission impossible. They are puzzled why they try to memorize words with great efforts but forget them easily. That’s why there are often inquiries about how to memorize new words.___1___. Here are some tips to help.
___2____. We too often separate the process of new words memorization from pronunciation. In fact these two can be combined and each will enhance the other. Saying the word to ourselves helps activate aural (hearing) memory, which helps the memory.___3___The more familiar we are with the word, the greater chance we will have to keep it for the rest of our life.
Never memorize single English words.___4___. Relate the word to terms we already know, either as synonym or antonym. For example, the word “gargantuan” (very large) is similar in meaning to words “gigantic”, “huge” and “large”. Make a sequence of words: “small, medium, large, gigantic, and gargantuan”. Create a mental image of the word that involves strong emotions. Think, “The gargantuan whale is going to swallow me whole”.
Learning English words requires action. Complaining how difficult it is to memorize new words will be of little help.___5___. Have a try with ten words a day and you will see
what a difference you will make in our English learning.
A. Memorizing new words is very important.
B. So take action right now
C. Actually, some have given up learning new words.
D. Speak the word while memorizing it.
E. Make as many associations and connections as possible
F. The sound of word helps us recall the spelling and familiarizes us with the word
G. In fact, learning new words needn’t be that difficult.
15.
Three Critical Truths We Forget All Too Soon
So much happens in our lives every day that we often forget what we have learned. In effect, the only thing faster than the speed of our thoughts is the speed of our forgetfulness.___1___
●Small steps get you to big places.
The greatest of all mistakes is to do nothing simply because you can only do a little. In fact, it is far more productive to take many small steps in the right direction than to make a giant leap.___2___Figure out where you want to go, take a step, and keep on stepping. Diligence and persistence will get you there.
●___3___
Two people can be affected by the same circumstance but respond in completely different ways. The reason is that it just depends on their attitudes. When you expect life to be unkind, it will always live up to your expectations. On the other hand, when you consider yourself to be in a fortunate situation, you will find yourself in many more.__4___
●You can only change yourself.
Don't wait for someone who hurt you to make it up to you; this kind of thinking only keeps your old wounds from healing.___5___You have no control over them, and they may never change. Inner peace is found by changing your thinking, not the people who hurt you. So forgive those who have hurt you in the past, and even more importantly, forgive yourself for allowing them to hurt you. Then smile like you've never cried re-open your heart and mind like you've never been hurt, and live the rest of your life like you're running out of time.
A. Fear always exists.
B. Attitude makes all the difference.
C. The path to every goal requires a hundred small steps--one after the other.
D. Here are some important reminders to jog your memory.(唤起记忆)
E. Waiting for them to change is not the answer.
F. In the end, we learn even more from our failures than we do from our successes.
G. It’s important to remember that there is value in every situation and circumstance.
16.
How Can I Fight Laziness?
Lazy people will never amount to anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind.
___1___Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful
rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day.
Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. Others take a more proactive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone.___2___
Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations(诱惑) that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment, but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness.___3___complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film. Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home. Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately.___4___Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people.
___5___enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.
A. To fight family laziness, set an example.
B. Knowing how to fight laziness is important.
C. One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep.
D. Finally, taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness.
E. With strong determination, you will be able to achieve your goal.
F. Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge of your own life.
G. Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for the children
17.
__1___ Most start with small talk on a random day. Asking about the homework in class or complaining about your tired legs after playing in a soccer game, you found your best pal by accident. The following is a four-step guide to making small talk. 1. Getting started Begin by talking about the surroundings, such as the weather outside or the room you are in. ___2___. 2. Looking for topics At this point, you and your conversation partner need to find common ground. This is a good time to ask questions or to refer back to things you’ve said or heard earlier. ___3___The other person is probably just thinking of something to say. 3. Expanding the topic The goal is to keep the conversation going. At every stage, you should be careful not to talk too much. But don’t let the other person dominate (支配) the conversation either. ____4___ 4. Ending politely when ending a conversation, let the person know you’ll be leaving soon, express appreciation for the conversation and set the stage for a future conversation. For example, you could say, “I really must be going soon, but I had a great time chatting with you. ____5___ Here’s my phone number. Call or text me if you
know of any other movies you think I might enjoy.”
A. Don’t worry if it gets quiet.
B. How did your friendships begin?
C. Small talk is where all your relationships begin.
D. It’s important to mention something about yourself.
E. I really liked hearing your opinion about that new movie.
F. The purpose is to show the other person that you are willing to make a conversation.
G. If that starts to happen, mention something about yourself when he or she takes a breath.
18.
Facing the Enemies Within
We are not born with courage, but neither are we born with fear. Fears, even the most basic ones, can totally destroy our ambitions. Fear can destroy fortunes. Fear can
destroy relationships. Fear, if left unchecked, can destroy our lives. Fear is one of the many enemies living inside us.
__1___
The first enemy we face is indecision(优柔寡断). Indecision is the thief of opportunity. __2_ Take a sword to this enemy.
The second enemy inside is doubt. __3__ But you also can’t let doubt take over. Many people doubt the past, doubt the future, doubt each other, doubt the government, doubt the possibilities and doubt the opportunities. Worst of all, they doubt themselves. I’m telling you, doubt will destroy your life and your chances of success. It will empty both your bank account and your heart. ___4___
Do battle with the enemy. Do battle with your fears. _5__ Be courageous in your life and in your pursuit of the things you want and the person you want to become.
A. Sure, there’s room for healthy doubt. You can’t believe everything
B. Build your courage to fight what’s holding you back, what’s keeping you from your goals and dreams.
C. Let me tell you about two of the other enemies we face from within.
D. Below are the ways which might be useful for us to overcome our fears.
E. Doubt is an enemy. Go after it. Get rid of it.
F. It will steal your chances for a better future.
G. Some people doubt everything.
19.
Many people think of guys as being carefree when it comes to their appearance. But in fact, a lot of guys spend plenty of time in front of the mirror. They care just as much as girls do about their body image.
Body image is a person's opinions and feelings about his or her own body and physical appearance.__1___You appreciate your body for its capabilities and accept its imperfections.
___2__Here are some ideas.
Recognize your strengths. Different body types are good for different things. What does your body do well? Maybe your speed, strength, or coordination makes you better than others at a certain sport. That may be basketball, table tennis, mountain biking, dancing, or even running. Or perhaps you have non-sports skills, like drawing,
painting, singing, playing a musical instrument, writing, or acting.___3___
Exercise regularly. Exercise can help you look well and feel good about yourself. Good physiques (体形) don’t just happen.___4___A healthy habit can be as simple as exercising 20 minutes to 1 hour three days a week. Working out can also lift your spirits.
Respect your body! Practicing good habits regular showering; taking care of your teeth, hair, and skin; wearing clean clothes, and so on can help you build a positive body image.
___5___Your body is just one part of who you are. Your talent for comedy a quick wit (智慧) and all the other things make you unique. So try not to let small imperfections take over.
A. Use this as an opportunity to discover what you’re good at.
B. Be yourself.
C. Having a positive body image means feeling satisfied with the way you look.
D. Just explore talents that you feel good about.
E. They take hard work, regular workouts, and a healthy diet.
F. The good news is that self-image and body image can be changed.
G. So, what can you do to develop a positive body image?
20.
We often close ourselves off when painful events happen in our lives． Instead of letting the world soften us, we let it drive us deeper into ourselves． We try to ignore the hurt and, pain, but we can't hide from ourselves．___1___
The items listed below are four tips you can open your heart more fully and completely．
1．Breathe into pain
Whenever a painful situation arises in your life, try to face it instead of running away．___2___．When the sadness strikes, take a deep breath and accept it．By using our breath we soften our experiences and allow more newness．
2．___3___
We're often confused at the next step to take． Actually, we can try a new decision making process．To start this process, we may ask, \"Heart, what decision should I make here? What action feels the most right?\" See what comes up, then put it into
practice and evaluate the outcome．
3．Spend time alone
For most of our lives we're surrounded by people: our friends, family members, and strangers． ___4___ When you spend time in solitude（孤独），you're free from the influences of other people． It might be painful at first, but eventually you'll add a whole new layer of depth and understanding into your life．
4．Get outside of yourself
___5___But in reality, they actually work hand-in-hand． After you've explored the depths of yourself, you come away with a new understanding．
Now, it's time to share that - not through telling others, but through being with others．
A．Have a light heart
B．Ask your heart what it wants
C．Is there anything I'm hiding from myself?
D．How often do we really spend time alone?
E．This may seem a little contradictory to the last tip．
F．We should open our hearts and take action to heal the wounds．
G．When we run away from sadness, it gets stronger and more real．
21.
A large number of people have a preference for bottled water, because they feel that tap water may not be safe.___1___
Bottled water is mostly sold in plastic bottles.___2___Processing the plastic can lead the harmful chemicals into the water contained in the bottles. The chemicals can be taken in the body and cause physical discomfort.
___3___Bacteria(细菌) can increase in large numbers if the water is kept on the shelves for too long or if it is exposed(暴露) to heat or direct sunlight. The information on storage and shipment is not always readily available to consumers.___4___
Besides these safety problems, bottled water has other disadvantages. It contributes to global warming. About 2.5 million tons of carbon dioxide was produced in 2012 by the production of plastic for bottled water.___5___According to one research, 90% of the bottles used are not recycled and lie for ages in landfills(填埋场).
A. Do you like to drink bottled water?
B. But is bottled water really any better?
C. That’s why it possibly causes health problems.
D. The problem concerning bottled water remains to be settled.
E. Health risks can also result from unfit store of bottled water.
F. In addition, bottled water produces large amount of solid waste.
G. Because of this, bottled water may not be a better choice, compared to tap water.
22
Everyone needs a break, and vacations are not meant for serious study.___1___The Spring Festival is coming up so this is the perfect time to discuss some great English language literature to take on a long train journey.
Before getting into the recommendations, you need to determine your English reading comprehension level. If you’re at the beginner level, there are two options: reading a children’s book or reading a book that you’ve read in Chinese
translation.___2___If you’re at the intermediate level, popular books like pop fiction, mysteries and thrillers are good options. For advanced readers, classic works of literature or modern prize winners (Nobel, Pulitzer) are good options.
___3___When I pick up a book I like, even though the first few chapters are really hard to get through, I would try to get accustomed to the language the author uses. Generally, after the first few chapters, things get a lot easier, especially if I get involved in the story.
Another great way to keep yourself motivated is to find a friend who’s interested in reading the same book. You can make goals that you both want to achieve___4___
Some quick recommendations: Harry Potter, start with the first book and go on from there; the Narnia series; anything by US writer Michael Crichton; and if you like horror, US writer Stephen King is always unusual and fun.___5___Happy reading!
A. If you pick a book which is so challenging, it will be too stressful.
B. The most important thing is to pick a book that you’re really interested in.
C. You may also enjoy your reading when hanging out with your family.
D. You should just find a topic or author you’re interested in, and the rest will go from there.
E. You can also discuss plot lines or vocabulary issues with each other by SMS or e-mail.
F. Instead, they’re a great way to take a break and enjoy a good book.
G. This will help you get over any unfamiliar words or phrases, since you’re already familiar with the story.
23.
How to Keep a Relationship Healthy and Strong
Are you new to experiencing relationships? Well, let me give you advice on having a healthy and possibly long-term relationship.
___1___Do not hide things from them, do not lie. Don't be afraid to say things that isn't very flattering about yourself. Getting them to trust you is the most important element in any relationship. If there’s no trust, there 's nothing there. So please be honest and they'll learn to open up to you.
Make sure you give them respect. Now respect isn't just simply treating her or him nicely. There's a lot more to it. You have to learn to adjust to their liking.____2___Don ' t just think about yourself ,think about what your partner needs out of it as well.
___3___Always be willing to help them and give them honesty and positivity at the same time. Make them feel you are someone they can really count on and build a future with. This is an important step in a relationship. Your partner has to be able to count on you when needed. Make sure you have a good sense of humor with them. Laughter is the key to happiness. Laugh a lot with them, joke with them. Laughter may seem silly, but it' s the secret to a lot in life. It will keep the sparks alive.___4___
Make sure the communication is good. This goes along with trust, but always communicate how you feel, even if it ' s something that upsets you. Instead of screaming, talk to them. ___5___It ' s important to communicate this to them , not keep it bottled up.
A. Show them your personality.
B. Be an honest person with them.
C. Make sure you are encouraging to your partner.
D. Laughter keeps the relationship strong and lasting.
E. Don't start to neglect them and make them feel unwanted.
F. Basically, learn to study your partners ' moods, wants. and needs.
G. If they did something that made you unhappy, tell them about it in a respectful manner.
24.
Although different universities in the US have different admissions policies ,most determine admission based on several standards, including student's high school course of study ,high school Graed Point Average(GPA),participation in activities ,SAT or ACT exam scores ,a written essay ,and possibly a personal interview.
The university admissions office considers whether a student has taken courses in high school that have prepared him or her for more difficult coursework. A student's high school GPA is also considered.___1___Each litter grade is assigned a number of points :A=4 points ,B=3,c=2, D==1 and F=0 point ,A GPA is calculated by adding all of the points earned for each course grade and dividing the total points by the total number of courses taken.____2___
Universities prefer to see applications from high school students who have engaged in activities in their spare time ,such as clubs, athletic teams and student government．___3___
Most students in the US take the SAT Reasoning Test or the ACT during their final year of high school. Each university sets8muumum SAT or ACT score that a student must achieve in order to be8dmitted. These are 8tandardized quantitative
examinations. The SAT tests critical reading, math and writing ski118.___4___
Students are often required to write an essay as part of the application process．___5___The applicants may also be required to have a personal interview with a representative from the admissions office．
A.A student who fails a required course must repeat the course.
B.A GPA is a figure representing a student's accumulated grades.
C. Each admissions office determines the length and content of the essay.
D. For example, a GPA of 3.0 is a “B” average for all of the courses taken.
E.A student graduates after he or she has successfully passed all the required courses.
F. The ACT tests English, math, reading, science reasoning and optional writing.
G. Voluntary participation in these activities shows students have learned valuable life lessons.
25.
Mobile Phones: Hang Up or Keep talking?
Millions of people are using mobile phones today. In many places, it is actually considered unusual not to have one.___1___They found that the phones are more than a means of communication — having a mobile phone shows that they’re cool and connected.
The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professionals worried. Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity (负面报道) of such ideas.___2___
On the other hand, signs of change in the issues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss.___3___This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years.
___4___The answer is radiation. High–tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about.
As the discussion about safety continues, it appears that it’s best to use mobile phones less often.___5___Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. In the
future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they’re bad for your health. So for now, it’s wise not to use your mobile phone too often.
A. They will possibly affect their benefits.
B. In many countries, mobile phones are very popular with young people.
C. What do the doctors worry about?
D. What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful?
E. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for people’s health.
F. He couldn’t remember even simple tasks.
G. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time.
26.
Choosing a college major is one of the most important choices you can make about your education and future career．It may even be more important than where you attend college． ___1___.
___2____. Begin by making a list of your personal interests and careers which
correspond with them．If you enjoy marine life, for instance, you should consider a marine biology major．If you love star - gazing, consider becoming an astronomer．
Next, ____3____. If you're not strong in math you had better not choose engineering．If you are good at English , you might choose to become a writer or a reporter．Compare the list of your interests with the list of your talents and see which fields overlap （交叉） .
Once you've established a list of potential career fields, research them further to determine which college majors are most proper． ____4____. If you struggle with these steps, consider looking for outside help．
Choosing a college major you will enjoy is important．___5____.You might also avoid the unpleasantness that comes with changing your major．Perhaps most importantly, choosing the correct major may improve your overall happiness and quality of life．
A．Your teacher is there to help with just this sort of dilemma．
B．Then you can get an idea for what courses you'll need to take．
C．consider the academic subjects in which you excel （'tfc^）．
D．Your future career choices may rely heavily on what you study in college．
E．You might find college life to be less stressful if you enjoy your classes．
F．There are a number of steps you can take before making a final decision．
G．What you study in school often determines what career opportunities you will have when you graduate．
27.
Rose is digging in the ground for a potato when along comes Peter. Seeing that there is no one in sight, Peter starts to scream. Peter’s angry mother rushes over and drives Rose away. Once his mum has gone, Peter helps himself to Rose’s potato.
We’ve all experienced similar annoying tricks when we were young－the brother who stole your ball and then got you into trouble by telling your parents you had hit him. But Rose and Peter are not humans. They’re African baboons(狒狒).___1___
Peter’s scream and his mother’s attack on Rose could have been a matter of chance, but Peter was later seen playing the same tricks on others.___2___
Studying behavior like this is complicated, but scientists discovered apes(猿) clearly showed that they intended to cheat and knew they themselves had been cheated.___3__An ape was annoying him, so the psychologist tricked her into going away by pretending that he had seen something interesting. When she found nothing,
she walked back, hit him over the head with her hand and ignored him for the rest of the day.
Another way to decide whether an animal’s behavior is deliberate is to look for actions that are not normal for that animal. A zoo worker describes how an ape dealt with an enemy. “He slowly stole up on the other ape from behind, walking on tiptoe. When he got close to his enemy, he pushed him violently in the back, and then ran indoors.” Wild apes do not normally walk on tiptoe.___4___But looking at the many cases of deliberate trickery in apes, it is impossible to explain them all as simple copying.
It seems that trickery does play an important part in ape societies.___5___Studying the intelligence of our closest relatives could be the way to understand the development of human intelligence.
A. In most cases the animal probably doesn’t know it is cheating.
B. An amusing example of this comes from a psychologist working in Tanzania.
C. And playing tricks is as much a part of monkey behavior as it is of human behavior.
D. So the psychologists asked his colleagues if they had noticed this kind of trickery.
E. The ability of animals to cheat may be a better measure of their intelligence than their use of tools.
F. This use of a third individual to achieve a goal is only one of the many tricks commonly used by baboons.
G. Of course it’s possible that they could have learnt from humans that such works, without understanding why.
28.
A major source of teen stress is school exams, and test anxiety is not uncommon. When you recognize your teen is under stress, how can parents help your teen stay calm before an exam?
Be involved. Parents need to be involved in their teen’s work.___1___What they look for is your presence — to talk, to cry, or simply to sit with them quietly. Communicate openly with your teen. Encourage your teen to express his worries and fears, but don’t let them focus on those fears.
Help them get organized.___2___Together, you and your teen can work out a time—table in which he can study for what he knows will be on the test.
Provide a calm setting. Help your teen set up a quiet place to study and protect his
privacy. Give them a nutritious diet. It is important for your teen to eat a healthy, balanced diet during exam times to focus and do his best. ___3___If this happens, encourage your teen to eat light meals or sandwiches. A healthy diet, rather than junk food, is best for reducing stress.
___4___Persuade your teenager to get some sleep and /or do something active when he needs a real break from studying. Making time for relaxation, fun, and exercise are all important in reducing stress. Help your teen balance his time so that he will feel comfortable taking time out from studying to spend time with friends or rest.
Show a positive attitude.__5___Your panic, anxiety and blame contribute to your teen’s pressure. Make your teen feel accepted and valued for his efforts. Most importantly, reassure your teen that things will be all right , no matter what the results are.
A. A parent’s attitude will dictate their teen’s emotions.
B. Exam stress can make some teens lose their appetite.
C. They will only make the situation worse.
D. Encourage your teen to relax.
E. The best thing is simply to listen.
F. Help your teen think about what he has to study and plan accordingly.
G. Your teen may also make negative comments about themselves
29.
Warren Harding was the 29thPresident of the United States, serving from 1921 until his death in 1923.___1___One was a successful international conference (会议).
After World War One, Britain, Japan and the United States expanded their navies (海军). They built bigger and bigger ships. Many members of the United States Congress worried about the cost.___2___They asked President Harding to organize a conference to discuss these issues.
___3___President Harding invited representatives from the major naval powers of the time Britain, Japan, France and Italy. He also invited representatives from countries with interests in Asia and Europe China, Portugal, Belgium and the Netherlands. He did not invite the new Soviet leaders in Russia.
Mr Harding’s Secretary of State, Charles Evans Hughes, spoke. ___4___He proposed that the world’s strongest nations should stop building warships for ten years. He also proposed that Britain, Japan, and the United States should destroy some ships to make their navies smaller immediately.
___5___It involved the misuse of underground oil owned by the federal government. Warren Harding was an honest man. But he did not have a strong mind of his own. He was easily influenced. And he often accepted bad advice. He explained the problem with these words, “I listen to one side, and they seem right. Then I listen to the other side, and they seem just as right. I know that somewhere there is a man who knows the truth. But I do not know where to find him.”
A. He is remembered mostly for two events.
B. The conference was not a complete success.
C. They also worried about increased political tension (紧张) in Asia.
D. The conference was held in Washington in November, 1921.
E. President Harding appointed several men of great ability to his cabinet (内阁).
F. He offered the conference a detailed plan to reduce the size of the world’s major navies.
G. The second thing for which President Harding is remembered is the Teapot Dome scandal (丑闻).
30.
We all know that we have to eat to live, so it is important for us to develop healthy eating habits. The following tips may help you.
Have a healthy attitude towards food. Take a hard look at your eating habits. ___1___ Do you withhold food from yourself in order to feel like you are in control? Carefully think about whether you have an unhealthy emotional attachment to food.
Drink plenty of water. ____2___ Drink water during and after meals to aid digestion, and try to drink 2 and 3 litters per day.
____3___Ideally, you should eat three meals a day, with two snacks in between. Doing this allows you to eat slightly less at your meals, giving your body a more manageable amount of food to digest.
Don’t skip breakfast.__4__ Research shows that people who skip breakfast are usually fatter than those who eat a well-balanced breakfast.
Eat slowly. Have you ever gorged on (猛吃) a huge meal and felt fine immediately after, but suddenly felt like exploding 15 minutes later? This happens because it takes some time for your stomach to tell your brain it’s full._5__ In that way, by the time you get the message and start feeling satisfied, you haven’t eaten too much extra food.
A. Choose the right food to eat.
B. Eat five times per day.
C. You should eat your food slowly.
D. Do you eat more when you feel stressed?
E. Eating less food can have several benefits.
F. Many people do because they don’t feel hungry in the morning.
G. It can improve your sense of healthiness and help you feel full.
31.
Boys do bad at school
Despite education reforms and more than enough money, more and more boys have been dropping out of high schools in the United Arab Emirates (阿拉伯联合酋长国 ) for the past few years.___1____They often choose jobs in public services. the army or the police force instead. As a result. only 30% of the universities are made up of male students. Such a condition has also put them at an obvious disadvantage.___2___In such an oil-rich country. families are so wealthy that their children do not need to study hard. Boys often come to school with personal helpers who carry their suitcases for them and help them with their homework. They rely on them to do everything they
would otherwise have to do themselves____3____
Public schools usually get enough money from the government.___4___The rest go to private schools where teachers are more interested in pushing children towards a higher education. In public schools. motivation is low and students seem uninterested in learning. Experts agree that teacher training throughout the Emirates needs to be improved.
___5___One of them is the population's widespread thinking that the government will always supply young citizens with jobs. Authorities are convinced that just pouring money into the school system won't achieve the desired results. Their aim is to have more Emirati males finish high school and continue to go to university, where they will get degrees and have a bright future.
A. But what comes after oil runs out in the country?.
B . Boys and girls are often separated in public schools.
C. Few women will marry a man with lower education.
D. However. only 40% of all children attend these schools.
E. The Emirati people have been living on the land for centuries.
F. Many mistakes have actually been made in the past few years.
G. Currently about 25% of boys in the country do not finish high school
32.
Almost everyone is waiting for something. Therefore，we are looking forward to time’s flying quickly so that the day we are longing for can come soon.___1___Suppose you are 35 years old now. If you can live up to 80 years old，you still have 45 years to live，a total of about 16,425 days. Now your life remains about 16,400 days，and you often waste them by tens a time，only to wait for someday to come.___2___Not until you meet the end of your life will you come to realize that you have wasted your whole life.
Similarly，what bothered you yesterday is not only allowed to enter your dream，but also becomes the first thing you consider the next day once you open your eyes.
___3___Actually we should not. No matter what era(时代) human beings live in，they tend to be happier when they are young. It is mainly because humans like carrying everything of the past with them all the way.___4___
For a child，it is exciting to see a monkey in the park，see pedestrians in the street，eat and drink，go to school and go back home. Every little scenery is fresh to him/her，for he/she does not put some obstacles of the past between his/her heart and the
outside world.___5__Then our life may be different every day.
A．We will often think of our happy childhood and blame our society and family for our boring life.
B．You live through every day in confusion，thinking what you should do in the future.
C．And it prevents us from focusing on the present real world.
D．Assume that we can still live like a child owning nothing.
E．We should learn to clean our soul.
F．We will stunningly discover that everyone is very kind.
G．In this way time flies away without anything left.
33.
I worked for a short time as a cashier(出纳员) at a restaurant a few months ago.___1___One night，just before Christmas，I found a large black wallet on the floor near one of the tables. I guessed I should have checked it to find out who was the owner，but I was busy at the time. Also，I imagined that if the wallet contained
anything valuable，the owner would be back.
An hour later a man came up to the counter(柜台)．___2___I asked him to describe the lost wallet，and after he described it exactly，I gave him the wallet. He expressed his sincere thanks when I handed it to him. He asked me if I had opened it，and when I told him “No”，he opened it right away and showed that it contained nearly $800 in cash(现金)．___3___
“A reward for your honesty，” he said and then turned and walked away.
___4___I began wondering whether I would have been so honest if I had known what was in the wallet！I thought that if there had been no way to find the owner and no one had returned to claim(认领) it，I might have kept it. But it also came into my mind that I had in fact saved someone’s Christmas plans by finding and returning the wallet.___5__The good feeling it gave me was worth more than anything money could buy.
A．He looked quite worried and asked if anyone had found a wallet.
B．Later I thought about it again.
C．To my surprise，he took out a twentydollar bill and handed it to me.
D．So I didn’t return the wallet until the owner returned.
E．I wanted to be honest，so I didn’t care much about money.
F．I also helped clear off the tables when it was especially busy.
G．For quite a long time I kept happy whenever I thought about it.
34.
All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy，happy and help them to live longer.
___1___They buy tickets or turn on their TVs to watch the games. Often they get very excited when “their” player or team wins.___2___Football，for example，has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers. What fun it is to jump into a pool or lake，whether in China，Egypt or Italy!___3___Think how many people love to skate or ski in Japan，Norway or Canada.
Some sports or games go back to thousands of years，like running or jumping. Chinese boxing，for example，has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred years old yet.___4___Waterskiing is one of the newest in the family of sports.
People from different countries may not be able to understand each other，but after a game they often become good friends.___5___One learns to fight hard but fight
fair，to win without pride and to lose with grace.
A．And think of people in cold countries.
B．Sports help to train a person’s character.
C．Not a few people like sports in the world.
D．Many people like to watch others play games.
E．People aren’t inventing new sports or games.
F．Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for them.
G．People are inventing new sports or games all the time.
35.
___1___But science may have just proved them right—because beautiful women are more likely to have daughters than their plainer counterparts，according to a study.
As parents tend to pass on genes that determine looks，this could result in handsome men becoming rather thin on the ground.___2___For example，Yasmin Le Bon is signed to the same modelling agency as daughter Amber，and Jerry Hall’s
daughters Elizabeth and Georgia Jagger have both taken to the catwalk.
Dr Satoshi Kanazawa，of the London School of Economics，analysed data from a survey of 17,000 babies born in Britain in March 1958 and tracked them throughout their lives.___3___When they reached 45，they were asked about the gender of any children they had.
Those rated as attractive were equally likely to have a son or daughter as their first child but the unattractive sorts were more likely to have a son.___4___
Dr Kanazawa believes that parents tend to produce children who benefit from their own features.___5___So it pays for attractive women to have daughters. But couples blessed with strength and aggression rather than looks are better off having boys，as these characteristics are of more use to males.
A．Women are becoming more beautiful over the generations because attractive women have more children than plain ones.
B．Single girls have always complained that goodlooking men are difficult to find.
C．Beauty is of more benefit to a woman than a man.
D．At the age of seven，their attractiveness was rated by their teachers.
E．Put another way，the beautiful women were more likely to have daughters.
F．And it may also explain why many models have daughters who follow in their fascinating footsteps.
G．Famously goodlooking parents like Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes are more likely to have girls than uglier couples.
36.What is the best way for teens to make money？I would say the best way to make money for a teen is using the Internet.___1___
You can sell junk(废旧物品) in your house on www.ebay.com to start with，then look for wholesale(批发的) products to sell regularly.___2___
The other way is to start your own information publishing business. You can start this business from your spare bedroom and it doesn’t matter at what age you start.
In fact，the younger，the better. Because you will be making more money than the rest of your family put together when you are just a teenager and people will envy you.___3__
___4___The good thing is that you can get the product free from the public area and sell it for ￡97 or more without any problem.
___5___If you want to be able to sell your information product，the best way is through your own mini website.
The thing you need to do，once you have your product and website set up，is that you need to be able to capture people’s email addresses，as this is where your big money comes from.
A．It’s a great feeling when you earn more in a month than most people do in a year.
B．You can do a number of different things on it.
C．You will also need a website.
D．Next you need to find a product to sell.
E．You will understand the ways for teens to make money.
F．That’s one way you can go to start making money.
G．It doesn’t matter if you have the best website in the world.
37.
__1___After all，who wants to be stuck in a gym on a beautiful summer day？Before you head out for exercise，however，you’ll need to take a few tips to keep your exercise safe and comfortable in higher temperatures.
Watch for heat stress.___2___When it’s hot outside，your heart pumps faster. For every degree that your temperature rises，your heart beats 10 beats faster per minute. Wear a heart rate monitor to make sure you’re working within a safe and effective zone.
Avoid very heated conditions. If you’re going from indoors to outdoors，plan on doing shorter and less intense exercise for two weeks.___3___Soon you’ll be able to pick up the pace. Don’t exercise outdoors when both the temperature and humidity(湿度) are very high. Under these conditions，your body can’t cool itself effectively and heat stroke is a real danger.
Increase your fluid intake. Take soft drinks before you go out and then drink six to ten ounces for every 30 minutes of exercise.___4___Water works just fine unless you’re going to be exercising intensely for more than an hour. If that’s the case，have a sports drink.
Dress properly.__5___While exercising outdoors you’ll feel far more comfortable in hightech exercise material than you wear a cotton Tshirt or nylon running shorts.
A．Exercise can raise your body temperature in winter.
B．Wear a hat and loose shorts and a shirt.
C．Don’t wait until you’re thirsty.
D．Exercise is good for your health.
E．This lets your body begin to adapt to the heat.
F．Now that warm weather is here，you’re probably taking your exercise outside.
G．Keep your exercise safe in hot weather.
38.
For over one hundred and fifty years，Americans of all social classes have worn blue jeans.___1___Whether they are worn for work or for fashion today. Strauss’ invention continues to be popular not only among Americans but also among people around the world.
Levi Strauss was born in Germany in 1829.___2___He grew up in Kentucky before moving to New York in 1847.Before becoming an American citizen and moving to the West in 1853，Strauss worked in his brother’s dry goods business. This gave him a chance to produce his famous invention. After the gold rush of 1949，Strauss decided to move to the West to seek his fortunes.
Strauss did not want to be a person who searched an area for minerals. Instead，he knew he could make a good living by selling supplies to the miners. At first，he planned to sell sewing supplies and cloth.___3___When he heard miners complaining that their clothes were easily broken or they usually tore their pockets during mining，he decided to use a special fabric to make pants for the miners. These pants proved so popular that he quickly ran out of materials to make more.
In 1873，Strauss received a letter from a Jewish tailor named Jacob Davis who had invented a process of connecting pockets with copper rivets(铆钉)．This made the pants last a long time. Because Davis did not have the money to patent his idea，he offered to share it with Strauss if Strauss would agree to pay for the patent. ___4___
By the time Strauss died in 1902，he had made a great contribution to American fashion.
___5___The business has been growing ever since and Levi Strauss’ company is now one of the largest clothing companies in the world.
A．As a young boy，he moved with his family to the United States.
B．Nobody knew what kind of material was suitable.
C．He did and Levi jeans have been made with metal rivets ever since.
D．However，he did not get much business for those products.
E．He also made a great contribution to America’s clothing industry.
F．Since they were invented by Levi Strauss，they have become a symbol of American consumer culture.
G．As the business grew，Strauss got much money from it.
答案解析
1.【答案】
1F 2C 3A 4E 5G
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。生活中人们对冒险的态度各不相同，有些人热爱冒险，有些人却避而远之。专家说这是因为我们的大脑工作方式不同。另外，科学研究表明，这些表现也与人类的早期活动有关。
1.根据空前面的“weigh the risk and the reward”可以看出和F项中的“weigh risks and rewards”对应，同时F项与空格前面的一句话之间是转折关系，句意衔接紧密，故选F项。
2.根据空前面的“better at hunting，fishing，or exploring”可以看出和C项中的“Being better at those things”相呼应。故选C项。
3.空格前第二句中出现character types与A选项中的character相对应；空格前一句中的you 与选项中的your在人称上保持一致；空格前一句中动词love与hate和A选项中的depends on对应，故选A项。
4.空格前一句出现了teenager years 与E选项当中的this 相对，另外E选项当中提到“move away from family into the bigger world”也是对空格前一句中的teenager years的解释。故选E项。
5.空格后一句中提及pleasure和fear，是从正反两方面进行对比，对应G项中的differently，再根据空格后一句中出现的riskseeker，brain，us等词与选项G中的nervous situation，our brains相对应，故选G项。
2.【答案】
1A 2G 3D 4C 5E
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章指出，平均而言女人比男人更长寿。其中的原因是什么呢？作者从荷尔蒙、基因等方面给出了解释。
1．上下文过渡句。根据空后的“...they can expect to live six or seven years more than men.”可知，这是对空格处作进一步的说明。
2．上下文过渡句。空格前句说明女性比男性寿命长的原因在于“hormones”的不同，接着对“hormones”作进一步的解释。
3．上下文过渡句。空后三句主要讲述雌激素在抵抗疾病方面的作用。
4．上下文过渡句。空后主要讲述基因与年老的关系。C项中的genes与空后句中的genes是原词复现。
5．细节支撑句。空前讲述了科学家们的两种不同观点，E项中的“both of these possibilities”指的就是这两种不同的观点。
3.【答案】1G 2D 3F 4A 5B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了吃鱼对人的好处以及挑选鱼和做鱼的方法。
1．根据该空内容的前一句和后面的but 可知该空内容应是吃鱼的好处，故判断G选项符合语境。
2．空格前说“买鱼、储藏鱼、做鱼并不难”，空格后说“本文就是关于如何买鱼并用一种简单方法做鱼的”。综观各选项，D项“这只需要一点儿知识”与上下文语意衔接紧密，故为答案。
3．根据后面的解释内容可以判断此处应该填选鱼的方法，故F选项符合语境。
4．此句是对上文的一个总结，根据因果关系，故选A选项。
5．根据空前内容可知此处应填做鱼的方法，故B选项符合语境。
4.【答案】
1F 2A 3E 4C 5G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是如何做园艺，让美丽的花园给我们带来美好的视觉享受。
1.考查联系上下文的能力。根据前面的“Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you”，再结合后面的“It starts with looking inside yourself”可知，F项“你也可以使自己的花园产生那样一种魔力”符合语境。
2.考查子标题。根据后面的“there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden”可知，这一部分主要说明的是首先要弄清楚从事园艺的原因。故A项与之相符。
3.本题考查联系上下文的能力。根据上文中的“Some people may think...”和“Others are concerned about...”可知，此处表达的是人们搞园艺的不同原因，而E项中的“Still others may simply enjoy...”与上下文衔接自然，故选E项。
4.考查运用语境进行推断的能力。根据前面的“that’s not what’s important”可知，这里强调的是在园艺中对我们来说真正重要的是什么。故C项“重要的是我们搞园艺的经历”符合上下文语境。
5.考查综合分析能力。这里介绍的是自己弄一个花园，要回忆一下年轻时所看到的那些花园，并把这些花园的优点写下来，然后制定计划并去践行。故G项与上下文一致。
5.【答案】
1D 2E 3G 4F 5A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。向读者介绍了密码在生活中的作用及密码学的三种主要类型。
1．考查综合分析能力。联系下一句“创设密码和破译密码总是相伴而生的”，可以推断此处意思是“只要有密码存在，人们总是千方百计地进行破译”。故选D项。
2．考查联系上下文的能力。依据接下来的举例可知，这里讲的是选取每个单词的首字母这一方法来隐藏信息。因此答案为E。
3．考查运用语境进行推断的能力。前文已经介绍了一种设置密码的方式，这里又介绍了另一种。故选G。G项中的another也是解题的关键标志词。
4．考查联系上下文的能力。空格前的a code book暗示答案可能为F项，通过验证，两句意思通顺自然，衔接紧密。故答案为F。
5．考查综合分析能力。分析语境可知，该处仍在谈论密码本，由此可锁定A项，该句与空后一句衔接紧密，可确定为答案。
6.【答案】1A2D3C4E5G
7.【答案】1C2 B3 D4 A5F
8.【答案】1B2F3G4D5E
9.【答案】1D2F3B4A5E
10.【答案】1B2G3A4E5F
11.【答案】1D2F3G4C5A
12.【答案】1D2B3F4C5G
13.【答案】1F2A3C4E5G
14.【答案】1G2D3F4E5B
15.【答案】1D2C3B4G5E
16.【答案】1C2E3G4A5D
17.【答案】1B2F3A4G5E
18.【答案】1C2F3A4E5B
19.【答案】1C2G3D4E5B
20.【答案】1.F 2.G 3.B 4.D 5.E
21.【答案】1.B 2.C 3.E 4.G 5.F
22.【答案】1F 2 G 3B 4E 5D
23.【答案】1B 2F 3C 4D 5G
24.【答案】1B 2D 3G 4F 5C
25.【答案】1B 2E 3F 4D 5G
26.【答案】1G 2F 3C 4B 5E
27.【答案】1C 2B 3F 4G 5E
28.【答案】1E 2F 3B 4D 5A
29.【答案】1A 2C 3D 4F 5G
30.【答案】1D 2G 3B 4F 5C
31.【答案】1G 2C 3A 4D 5F
32.【答案】1 G 2.B 3A 4C 5D
33.【答案】1F 2A 3C 4B 5G
34.【答案】1D 2F 3A 4G 5B
35.【答案】1B 2F 3D 4E 5C
36.【答案】1B 2F 3A 4D 5C
37.【答案】1F 2G 3E 4C 5B
38.【答案】1F 2A 3D 4C 5E
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