Humble Administrator's garden. Humble Administrator's garden was built inMing Dynasty, and Wang Xianchen was the first owner of the garden. In Jiajingand Zhengde years, he lived as an official censor. In his later years, he wasnot satisfied with his official career. He returned from office and bought landto build a garden. The main scenic spots in the park are: Lanxue hall, FurongPavilion, Shuxiang Pavilion, Guangyan Pavilion, Yuanxiang hall, xiaocanglangPavilion, Liuting Pavilion, Fucui Pavilion, etc.
The whole garden is divided into four parts: East, middle, West andresidence. The residence is a typical Suzhou residence, which is now arranged asa garden Museum exhibition hall. The eastern part is bright and cheerful, withPinggang Yuanshan, Songlin lawn and Zhuwu Qushui as the main parts. The mainscenic spots are: Lanxue hall, zhuoyun peak, Furong Pavilion, Tianquan Pavilion,Shuxiang Pavilion, etc. The central part is the essence of HumbleAdministrator's Garden. The area of the pool is 1/3. Water is the main form. Thepool is wide and luxuriant. The scenery is natural. There are differentbuildings with different shapes and sizes. The main attractions are: Yuanxianghall, Xiangzhou, Hefeng Pavilion, jianshanlou, xiaofeihong, Pipa garden, etc.The main building in the west is the 36 Yuanyang hall, which is close to theside of the residence. The pool is in the shape of a curved ruler. It ischaracterized by the separation of the platform and the hall, the undulatingcorridor, the reflection of the water wave, the unique taste, and the gorgeousand exquisite decoration. The main scenic spots are: 36 Yuanyang hall, invertedphoto studio, who to sit with, water Gallery, etc.
Introduction to Dongyuan
LanXue Hall: it is the main hall in the East. The name of the hall comesfrom Li Bai's poem "independent between heaven and earth, the breeze sprinklesLanxue". It was first built in the eighth year of Chongzhen (1635) of the MingDynasty. According to the records of the garden owner Wang Xinyi's"guiyuantianju", Lanxue hall is a five Ying thatched cottage, "the East and Westosmanthus trees are screens, and then there are mountains like a sheet, withplum blossoms growing vertically and horizontally. There is bamboo outside theplum. Bamboo is near the monk's house. The sound of Buddhism comes from bambooat dusk. "The environment is secluded. In front of the hall, the two white pinesare vigorous and clumsy, the bamboo on the wall is green, the Lake stone isexquisite, the green grass is in the path, and the East and West courtyard wallsare connected. The hall has three rooms facing south. The plaque of "Lan XueTang" is high, and the long window is on the ground. There is a screen door inthe middle of the hall. The south side of the screen door is a lacquer carvingpanorama of Humble Administrator's garden, and the north side of the screen dooris a picture of green bamboo. All of them adopt the traditional Suzhou lacquercarving process. The two sides of the screen door are carved with figures andlandscapes on the partition skirts.
Zhuiyun peak: in the north of lanxuetang, the peak is towering in the shadeof green trees and bamboos. In the north of Shanxi, two peaks stand side byside, named "Lianbi". Jieyun peak and Lianbi peak are the scenic spots ofguiyuantianju. According to Wang Xinyi's guiyuantianjuji, there is a pool infront of lanxuetang, "there are peaks in the south of the pool, and the treesare decorated with clouds, which is called zhuiyun peak. The two peaks on theleft side of the pool stand side by side, like palms and sails, which is calledLianbi peak. " The two peaks are the works of Chen Siyun, a famous stone foldingartist in the late Ming Dynasty. The lake stones used are exquisite anddelicate, taking Zhao Songxue's landscape paintings in the late Yuan Dynasty asthe model. From bottom to top, the shape of Jieyun peak is gradually larger, andits top is as big as a cloud, standing upright and independent, without support.On the summer night of 1943, zhuiyun peak suddenly collapsed. Later, under theguidance of Wang Xingbo, a landscape expert, this exquisite peak was builtagain. Today, the peak is mottled with moss and covered with vines.
Furong Pavilion: the pavilion is a very beautiful architectural form inancient China. It is made up of the surrounding scenery and its form isflexible. The roof of Furong Pavilion is the top of the mountain. The fourcorners fly up. Half of the pavilion is built on the shore, and the other halfis extended to the water. The sky stands on the water, standing at the edge ofthe water. This pavilion faces a wide pool with clear water, which is a goodplace to enjoy lotus in summer. Walking along the hibiscus Pavilion and lookingaround on the fence, you can see that the pool is full of green, pink and blackwater, elegant and elegant, like a graceful fairy looking forward to the bluewaves. The breeze rises suddenly, setting off a green wave, sending bursts oflotus fragrance Enjoy the beauty, elegance and noble character of lotus.
Tianquan Pavilion: it is an octagonal pavilion with double eaves. The eavesare high and the outside is a cloister. It is solemn and simple. There is a sillbetween the pillars for sitting and enjoying. Surrounded by lawns, flowers andtrees. The small slope of Pinggang in the north of the pavilion is lush withtrees. The pavilion is named "Tianquan" because there is a well under it. Thewell does not dry up all the year round and the water quality is sweet, so it iscalled "Tianquan". According to the records of Qianlong Changzhou county annals,during the Dade period of the Yuan Dynasty, there was a temple called Dahongtemple. After another hundred years, monk Yuze lived here and built a"Dongzhai". There is a well before Zhai, which is called "Tianquan". Suzhou is aland of water, with many rivers, bridges and wells, but few of them are recordedin history. As soon as Wang Xin built "guiyuantianju", he kept the well, whichalso added some pastoral scenery to the garden.
Shuxiang Pavilion: Shuxiang refers to the fragrance of rice. In the past,there were farmland outside the walls. During the harvest season, the autumnwind sent gusts of rice fragrance, which made people intoxicated. Hence the nameof the pavilion. Shuxiang hall is the main building in the East, facing waterand mountains. It is a single eaves structure. The room is spacious and bright.There are 48 pieces of boxwood carvings on the long window skirt. According tothe experts' research, one is the romance of the west chamber, and the other isJinyu Ruyi. Among them, there are scenes such as "Zhang Sheng jumps over thewall to meet mandarin ducks", "copy red" and "long pavilion to see off" in theromance of the Western chamber, which are exquisitely carved, rich and lifelike.At sunset, a touch of afterglow fell on the long window of Shuxiang Pavilion.With the exquisite wood carving of skirt board, the Shuxiang Pavilion isdecorated with simple elegance and unique taste.
Hanqing Pavilion: garden architecture, with Pavilion changes. Pavilion is akind of hut with only roof but no wall. It is exquisite and light. It isgenerally composed of roof, column body and platform base. In the garden, youcan point and view the scenery, and also provide people with rest, cool andshelter from the rain. The Humble Administrator's garden has many pavilions anddifferent forms. Hanqing Pavilion is located in a corner with narrow space.However, the gardener built a combined half pavilion with a tall white wall asthe base, one main Pavilion and two subordinate pavilions. The flat seat of themain Pavilion is above the water surface, just like a waterside pavilion. Theauxiliary pavilions on both sides are slightly backward and spread to the leftand right, just like a corridor. The main pavilion has two berms and theauxiliary pavilion has one berm. The whole pavilion is just like a phoenixspreading its wings, adding momentum to the originally flat and monotonous wall. Reclining on the edge of the pavilion, the beauty sits on the edge of thepavilion. In the sky, clouds and water, the koi roam and the lotus swings.
Introduction to Zhongyuan
Yihong Pavilion: sitting on the straight corridor to the west of thecomplex corridor, facing the East and the west, the corridor meanders behind,and the water and trees are broad in front. It is an excellent viewing pointafter entering the central garden. On the right side of the pavilion is Wu Zhu'ssecluded residence. In front of the pavilion is a small blue stone bridge, namedYihong bridge. The fence and stone quality reflect the style of the MingDynasty, which seems to be a relic of the Humble Administrator's garden of theMing Dynasty. Standing in the pavilion, the open pool water in the middle andthe curved bridge divide the water. In midsummer, the lotus in the pool iscovered with red clothes, which is full of Jiangnan style. Deep in the shade, abeautiful and exquisite pagoda can be seen. This is a way of borrowing sceneryto borrow the Beisi pagoda, which is more than 1000 meters away from the garden.It is a good example of "Yuanjie" in "Jiejing".
Wuzhu seclusion: wuzhu seclusion with unique architectural style andingenious design is a Square Pavilion, which is the main view in the east of thecentral pool. The pavilion is surrounded by corridors, red pillars and whitewalls, cornices and raised corners, backed by long corridors, facing the widepool, with Wutong shading and bamboo trees. The beauty of the pavilion is thatthere are four round openings on the white walls around the pavilion. The holesare round and the holes cover the holes. The four round openings are not onlytransparent, daylighting and elegant, but also form four beautiful frame scenesof flowers and windows, small bridges and flowing water, beautiful scenery oflakes and mountains, and the charm of bamboo. The plaque of "wuzhu secludedresidence" is in the style of Wen Zhengming. The couplet is written by ZhaoZhiqian, a famous calligrapher in the late Qing Dynasty. The first couplet usestwo loan words to point out the intimate relationship between human beings andthe wind, moon and nature. The second couplet uses movement, emptiness andreality to set off and contrast each other.
Snow fragrance cloud Pavilion: snow fragrance, refers to plum blossom.Yunwei refers to the flourishing of flowers and trees. This pavilion is suitablefor appreciating plum trees in early spring. Plum trees are planted beside thepavilion and the fragrance floats. Surrounded by green bamboos and lush trees,it is quite interesting to walk around the river. The pavilion is rectangular,on the earth mountain in the central and western part of the pool. Itsappearance is simple and light. The plaque "between mountain flowers and wildbirds" in the pavilion is written by Qian Juntao, a contemporary calligrapherand painter.
Jiashiting: many loquat trees are planted in the garden. Loquat trees havebuds in autumn, blossom in winter, bear fruit in spring and mature in summer. Itcontains the atmosphere of four seasons and forms a golden pill. Jiashi Pavilionis not only a praise of Jiangnan famous garden, but also a celebration ofharvest. There is a square window opening in the middle of the pavilion wall. Onone side of the window opening is the Taihu stone. Beside the stone, there arewintersweet and banana in summer, forming a natural three-dimensional picture.Through the entrance of the loquat garden, Jiashi Pavilion and Xuexiang YunweiPavilion form a group of scenery, which is one of the artistic techniques ofgardening.
Listen to Yuxuan
In the east of the harvest Pavilion, it is connected with the curvedcorridor of the surrounding buildings. In front of the pavilion, there is a poolof clear water with lotus; beside the pool, there are plantains and greenbamboos; behind the pavilion, there are also plantains. In the Five Dynasties,Li Zhong, a poet of the Southern Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem: "listen to the raincoming into autumn bamboo, leave monks to cover old chess"; Yang Wanli, a poetof the Song Dynasty, wrote a poem "autumn rain sigh", which said: "banana leavesare half yellow, lotus leaves are green, two autumn rain families have onefamily voice"; Zhou qianjuan, a modern Suzhou horticulturist, wrote a poem"banana leaves are drizzling, but the sound of broken jade is still heard in hisdream." There are banana, green bamboo and lotus leaves here. No matter inspring, summer, autumn and winter, as long as it's rainy night, because the rainfalls on different plants, and people listen to the rain have differentattitudes, they can hear the sound of rain with different tastes. It's wonderfuland has a unique charm.
Haitangchunwu: it is a small independent courtyard separated by the flowerwall on the east side of Linglong hall. The book style brick forehead withunique shape is embedded in the south wall of the courtyard. There are severalbegonias in the hospital. In the early spring, the flowers are as beautiful asjasper in a small family. They are beautiful and beautiful. The literatieulogized it. The courtyard floor is inlaid with green, red and white pebbles toform Begonia pattern. The decorative patterns of tea table in the hospital areall Begonia patterns. There are scenic spots everywhere. Although the courtyardis small and quiet, it is an ideal place for reading and rest.
Yuanxiang Hall: Yuanxiang hall is a four side hall, which is the mainbuilding in the middle of Humble Administrator's garden. It was built inQianlong period of Qing Dynasty on the site of ruoshu hall in Zhengde of MingDynasty, and the base of bluestone house is the original thing at that time. Itis built on the surface of water, with a single eaves resting on the top of themountain and three rooms wide. The North platform of the hall is spacious andclear. The lotus pond is wide, with red clothes and green cover, and pleasantfragrance. The name of the hall is based on the famous sentence of "Xiang YuanYi Qing" in Zhou Dunyi's "Ai Lian Shuo". Lotus flowers are planted all over thewater, so it gets its name. In summer, the lotus leaf field in the pool, thelotus wind blowing on the face, and the fragrance sending far away, is a goodplace to appreciate the lotus. The garden owner borrows the flower from themetaphor, has expressed the garden owner noble sentiment. The hall is decoratedwith transparent and exquisite glass floor long windows with neatspecifications. Due to the emptiness of the long windows, there are variousinteresting scenery around, such as mountain light, water and shadow. You canhave a panoramic view, just like watching mountains and rivers. The interiorfurnishings are elegant and exquisite.
Xiaofeihong: Suzhou is a water town, Humble Administrator's garden is awater garden, where there is water, there is bridge. In the HumbleAdministrator's garden, there are stone slab bridges, stone arch bridges, etc.It is the only corridor bridge in Suzhou gardens. It is named after the poem"flying rainbow overlooking the Qin River, misty and light string" written byBao Zhao in the Song Dynasty. The scarlet bridge hurdles are reflected in thewater, and the water is sparkling, just like a rainbow, so it is named. Therainbow is a colorful bridge across the earth after the rain. The ancients usedthe rainbow to describe the bridge with a wonderful intention. It is not only achannel connecting water and land, but also a unique landscape centered on thebridge. Xiaofeihong bridge is a three span stone beam, slightly arched, in theshape of eight. Both sides of the bridge deck are equipped with ten thousandcharacter guardrails, three rooms and eight columns, covering the corridorhouse. The eaves are decorated with upside down lintels. The two ends of thebridge are connected with the curved corridor, which is a beautiful corridorbridge.
Xiaocanglang: xiaocanglang takes the name of "Canglang Pavilion" of SuShunqin in the Northern Song Dynasty as the name of the pavilion, implyingseclusion. The small pavilion is three rooms wide, with south windows and Northsills. It faces the water on both sides. Its shape is very unique. It looks likea house but not a house, like a boat but not a boat, like a bridge but not abridge. It is a water Pavilion on the water. Across the pool, the water Paviliondivides the water surface again, making the end of Zhongyuan Shuiwei seeminglycontinuous, with superb artistic techniques. Surrounded by pavilions andcorridors, it forms an open quiet water courtyard. Once upon a time, there weremany families of literati and officials in the ancient city of Suzhou. No matterthey were Chinese houses or ordinary houses, they all paid special attention tothe decoration of small space. This small space was the courtyard, and the watercourtyard was the unique small wave. On the one hand, it reflected the customsof the water town in the south of the Yangtze River. On the other hand, becauseof the water landscape, the courtyard built a special cool environment byborrowing the scenery inside and outside.
Songfengshui Pavilion: pines, bamboos and plums are known as the "threefriends of the winter" in traditional Chinese culture. In the literati freehandgarden, they are especially fond of planting such "bide" plants to express themaster's thoughts and feelings. The pine tree does not wither in the cold and isevergreen all the year round. The ancients described it as a person with noblemoral sentiment. The vigorous and clumsy posture of pine is often depicted inthe picture, and it is one of the main tree species in Chinese gardens.Songfengshui Pavilion, also known as "listening to songfengchu", is a place tosee songtingtao. The water pavilion has a sharp square roof, and the space isclosed. It is accessed by a small gate in the corridor. The other three sidesadopt the structure of half wall and half window. The eaves of the roof are verylarge, and the cornices are especially high, showing the elegant and lightstyle. The whole building is not in the regular direction of due south and duenorth, but slants over 45 degrees, and is suspended on the water, which canavoid the sun and ventilate. It is most suitable for viewing in summer. Thereare several black pines planted on the side of the pavilion. The wind blows, thepine branches move far away, the pine waves sound, the color and sound are allready. It is a unique landscape.
Xiangzhou: Xiangzhou is a "boat" type structure with two storeys of cabins.The whole body is elegant and free. Its posture is reflected in the water,making it more elegant and elegant. Xiangzhou reposes the ideal and sentiment ofliterati. Xiangzhou uses the allusion of "Fangzhou" in Qu Yuan's works. There isa sentence in the songs of Chu that "if you pick Fangzhou, you will leave yourdaughter.". In ancient times, vanilla was often used as a metaphor for a nobleman. Here, lotus landscape is used as a metaphor for vanilla, which is also veryappropriate. Among the numerous stone boats in Chinese classical gardens, theHumble Administrator's garden Xiangzhou is probably the most beautiful one. Thebow of the boat is a platform, the front cabin is a pavilion, the middle cabinis a pavilion, and the stern is a pavilion. The lines of the pavilion are gentleand undulating, and the scale is appropriate. It reminds people of the warmmountains and soft waters and the picturesque boats in Suzhou, Hangzhou,Yangzhou in ancient times. Xiangzhou is located at the edge of the water, justat the intersection of the East and west water flow and the north-south river.It is surrounded by water on three sides and on the other side by the bank. Thespringboard composed of three stone bars boarded the "boat" and stood in the bowof the boat, rippling and bright all around. The garden is beautiful andrefreshing. The sun is scorching, but the wind blows here, and it's cool. On thebow of the Xiangzhou ship, there was a inscription written by Wen Zhengming,which was specially inscribed and postscript by later generations. Xiangzhou, adry boat, is elegant, exquisite and fascinating, which makes people feel apursuit of noble personality.
Lotus wind Pavilion: the pavilion is named for lotus. It is located on asmall island in the middle of the garden. It is surrounded by water. The lotusPavilion is planted in the lake. Willow branches are dancing on the lake bank.The pavilion has a single eaves and six corners. It is transparent on all sides.There are holding column couplets in the pavilion: "lotus on all sides, willowon three sides, half pool, autumn water and one Fangshan." It's very appropriatehere. In particular, the word "wall" in Lianzhong is well used. The pavilion isthe most open building. There is no wall between the columns, so the sight isnot blocked. It feels transparent and bright. Although there is no wall, thewillows on the three sides of the river bank are luxuriant and surrounded byhibiscus. Isn't it a green fragrant and soft wall? The moving exaggeration andrich imagination make the pavilion on this island more beautiful It lookscolorful and charming. The wind blows on the wall, the green waves roll, thefragrance overflows, and the color, fragrance and shape are excellent. Lightwillows in spring, bright lotus in summer, clear water in autumn, quietmountains in winter, and lotus wind. Pavilions are not only suitable for summerand summer, but also for all seasons. If you look down at the pavilion from aheight, you can see that the pavilion is out of the water, the cornice isprotruding, the red pillars are tall and straight, and the base is jade white.It is clearly a bright pearl in the arms of lotus in the pond.